Piston valve with annular passages

ABSTRACT

A control valve ( 10 ) includes a valve body with a plurality of ports (A, B, C, D, E, F) and a plurality of annular flow passages ( 53, 55,57 ). A piston ( 34 ) which includes a plurality of annular flow passages and a longitudinal flow passage is selectively movable within a bore ( 32 ) within the valve body through operation of a valve controller ( 70 ). The valve controller is selectively operative to control the position of the piston so as to enable liquid flow through a plurality of flow paths. A master controller wirelessly communicates with a plurality of slave controllers, including the valve controller. The master controller is operative to control conditions of the valve and an associated liquid treatment tank.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to piston valves with annular passages which maybe classified in CPC Class F16K 11/0716; US Class 137, Subclass 625.69.Exemplary embodiments relate to valve arrangements that are utilized inconnection with devices which require fluid flow through multiple flowpaths, for example, systems for water treatment.

BACKGROUND

Valve arrangements for controlling the flow of liquids may have numerousdifferent forms. In situations where the liquid is required to beselectively directed to multiple different flow paths, such arrangementscan be complex. Additional complexity may arise when different flowsequences and flow paths are required in connection with differentprocess steps involving a liquid. Further complexity arises when liquidsare required to be mixed with other fluids in connection with carryingout process flows.

Valve arrangements and related control systems may benefit fromimprovements.

SUMMARY

Exemplary embodiments include a valve arrangement that is capable ofselectively directing a liquid to multiple different flow paths. Theexemplary embodiment includes a control valve having a valve body. Theexemplary valve body includes an elongated longitudinal cylinder bore.The cylinder bore is in fluid communication with a plurality ofdifferent liquid ports which include inlet and outlet ports. The portsare in fluid connection with a plurality of respective generally annularpassages extending adjacent to the bore within the valve.

A valve element comprising piston is movably positionable longitudinallywithin the cylinder bore. The exemplary piston includes a profileconfiguration which includes a plurality of longitudinally disposedannular flow cavities. Selectively positioning the piston longitudinallyin the bore through operation of a valve controller causes the differentports of the valve to be placed in fluid communication. The exemplaryvalve controller is operative to enable the valve to be used inconjunction with other process equipment for purposes of selectivelydirecting the flow of liquid through the equipment in different flowpaths during a plurality of process steps. Such process steps mayinclude steps involving mixing of the liquid with other fluids andmaterials as required. The exemplary valve further includes thecapability to selectively shut off liquid flow and to provide bypassflow in order to stop and bypass the flow of liquid from certain processequipment associated with the valve.

Exemplary arrangements specifically relate to a control valve that isselectively operative to enable the removal of undesirable chemicalsfrom water. The exemplary valve is operative to enable flow conditionsto be changed to regenerate a resin material in a tank when necessary tomaintain optimal performance of the system in removing undesirablesubstances. Exemplary arrangements further provide a valve that includesthe functionality of an integrated liquid shutoff valve and a bypassvalve. This exemplary valve arrangement eliminates the need for separatevalves and piping to accomplish such functions.

Further exemplary arrangements include a readily changed or modifiedvalve controller for operation of the exemplary valve. The exemplaryvalve controller enables the valve controller to be readily installed,removed and replaced when necessary for maintenance or repair purposes.Further the exemplary arrangement provides a means for readilyoperatively connecting the valve controller and the valve body so thatthey may operate together.

Further exemplary arrangements relate to a control system that enableswireless control of a plurality of controllers associated with valves,treatment devices and other components in a water management system.

Numerous other novel arrangements and features are described inconnection with the exemplary embodiments discussed herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary control valveincluding a movable piston and a plurality of annular flow passagesconfigured for use in connection with a liquid treatment tank.

FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 which shows the control valve in adifferent operating condition.

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 which shows the control valve in yetanother operating condition.

FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 which shows the control valve inanother operating condition.

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 which shows the control valve inanother operating condition.

FIG. 6A is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the control valve in anotheroperating condition in which flow of liquid into the valve is shut offand pressure on the outlet port is maintained.

FIG. 6B is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the control valve in anotheroperating condition in which flow of liquid into the valve is shut offand pressure on the outlet port is relieved.

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 1 which shows the flow of liquidthrough the treatment tank bypassed through the valve.

FIG. 8 is an isometric view showing an exemplary valve controllerhousing and a valve base being moved toward an operative position.

FIG. 9 shows the valve base and valve controller housing in an operativeposition.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative exemplarycontrol valve.

FIG. 11 is an isometric partial cutaway view of a portion of the valveassociated with a changeable injector.

FIG. 12 is an opposite hand partial cutaway view showing the portion ofthe valve in FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a schematic functional block diagram of an example systemthat utilizes the exemplary valves.

FIG. 14 is a schematic functional block diagram of an example slavevalve assembly.

FIG. 15 is a schematic functional block diagram of an example userinterface device in the system.

FIG. 16 is a schematic functional block diagram of an example dualdevice configuration.

FIG. 17 is a schematic functional block diagram of exampleconfigurations for sensor assemblies.

FIG. 18 is a schematic functional block diagram of an exampleconfiguration of a slave relay sensor and a slave sensor assembly.

FIG. 19 is a schematic functional block diagram of an exampleconfiguration of a relay sensor that is remotely controlled via awireless user interface device.

FIG. 20 is a schematic functional block diagram of an example housing ofa master controller that includes power terminals to which slaveassemblies may be connected.

FIGS. 21-23 are exemplary flow diagrams that illustrate the operation ofa master controller and slave assemblies.

FIGS. 24-27 show views of an example valve assembly for a liquidsoftener or other liquid conditioner.

FIGS. 28-31 are exemplary logic flow diagrams that represent operationscarried out through operation of the master controller, slavecontrollers and user interface devices of exemplary embodiments.

FIGS. 32-35 are views of an exemplary cabinet used for housing a liquidconditioner and also supporting an exemplary master controller and userinterface.

FIGS. 36 and 37 show an exemplary bypass and shut off valve that may beoperated manually by handles as shown in FIG. 36 or by an electricactuator shown in FIG. 37.

FIG. 38 is an exploded view of an exemplary actuator used in conjunctionwith the bypass and shut off valve.

FIGS. 39-41 show the valve elements of the exemplary bypass and shut offvalve in various positions when operating in conjunction with a liquidtreatment system control valve.

FIG. 42 shows a plurality of the exemplary bypass and control valvesused in conjunction with a plurality of liquid treatment devices.

FIGS. 43-45 show the exemplary bypass and control valve used in ahousehold water delivery system to provide bypass and shut offcapabilities.

FIG. 46 is a schematic view of an exemplary water management systemincluding a master controller and a plurality of slave controllers.

FIG. 47 is a schematic view of components included in an exemplary slavecontroller.

FIGS. 48-50 represent schematically an exemplary logic flow carried outby a master controller in receiving and applying updated executableinstructions.

FIGS. 51-53 represent schematically an exemplary logic flow for loadingupdated instructions for execution by processor circuitry of thecontroller.

FIGS. 54-55 represent schematically exemplary logic flow for assuringthe ability of controllers to recover from software malfunctions.

FIGS. 56-59 show an alternative exemplary bypass and control valve usedin a household or commercial water delivery system to provide control,shut off and bypass capabilities.

FIG. 60 shows a schematic view of an exemplary slave controllerconfiguration which is comprised of a common core hardware module and aplurality of device specific device type hardware modules.

FIG. 61 is an isometric schematic view of an exemplary turbine flowmeter used for determining liquid flow therethrough.

FIG. 62 is an exemplary graph showing how data from the exemplary flowmeter is correlated with a flow rate based on a pulses per galloncalculation.

FIG. 63 is an exemplary graph showing how the data shown in FIG. 62 fromthe exemplary flow meter is correlated with flow rate based on a timebetween pulses calculation.

FIGS. 64-92 are exemplary graphical user interface screens output by aportable user device used in connection with an exemplary system.

FIG. 93 is a schematic view of an exemplary water management systemincluding a pump controller.

FIG. 94 is a perspective view of the exemplary pump controller inoperative connection with a flowmeter, leak sensor and pressure sensingconduit.

FIG. 95 is a perspective view of the exemplary pump controller inoperative connection with an elongated rope type leak sensor.

FIG. 96 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the pump controller.

FIG. 97 is a cross-sectional view of a lower portion of the pumpcontroller.

FIG. 98 is a bottom perspective view of the pump controller and aflowmeter and temperature sensor connector.

FIG. 99 is a perspective view of the removable button pad of theexemplary flowmeter.

FIG. 100 is a schematic view of the control circuitry of the exemplaryflowmeter.

FIGS. 101-109 are schematic views of exemplary control logic carried outby at least one exemplary pump control circuit.

FIG. 110 is a schematic view of an alternative exemplary watermanagement system.

FIGS. 111 and 112 show the exemplary graphical user interface screensoutput by a portable user interface device used in the water managementsystem of FIG. 110.

FIGS. 113-115 show schematically logic flows carried out by the mastercontroller and a portable user interface device in the exemplary watermanagement system of FIG. 110.

FIG. 116 is a front view of an exemplary remote user interface slavecontroller.

FIG. 117 is a schematic view of components included in the exemplaryremote user interface slave controller.

FIG. 118 is in exemplary graphical user interface screen output from aportable user interface device in connection with establishing andchanging configuration settings associated with the exemplary userinterface slave controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The exemplary arrangements of the embodiments described herein may beused in conjunction with the components, features, systems and methodsdescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,714,715; 9,970,558; 10,012,319;10,011,500; and application Ser. Nos. 14/698,381 and/or 14,698,399 filedApr. 28, 2015, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated hereinby reference in their entirety.

Referring now to the drawings and particularly FIG. 1, it is showntherein an exemplary control valve generally indicated 10. Control valve10 includes a valve body 12. The valve body 12 is schematicallyrepresented and is comprised of one or more parts which function in themanner that is represented schematically in FIGS. 1-8.

The exemplary valve is used in operative connection with a liquidtreatment tank 14. Tank 14 of the exemplary arrangement is a watersoftener tank that extends generally vertically with the valve 10positioned at the top thereof via a threaded or other releasableconnection. It should be appreciated that the water treatmentapplication is only an exemplary use for the control valve configurationand that the proportions of the tank as shown in the Figures are notnecessarily representative of tanks that may be utilized in connectionwith the control valve described. Rather, in most water treatmentarrangements the exemplary valve will be used with a verticallyelongated tank which is many times longer than the height of the valvebody. Further the exemplary valve may be used in conjunction with othertypes of processing systems and equipment.

The exemplary liquid treatment tank includes a top portion 16 and abottom portion 18. The exemplary tank includes a treatment material 20therein. In some exemplary arrangements, the treatment material 20comprises resin material that is suitable for ion exchange with mineralladen water that is treated by flowing therethrough. Such resin materialmay be comprised of plastic beads or zeolite material that has anegative charge. The exemplary operation of the liquid treatment tankincludes capturing ions in water that make the water “hard” such ascalcium and magnesium ions and replacing such ions in the water withions that are not undesirable such as sodium ions. In other embodimentsother types of treatment materials other than ion exchange resinmaterials may be used. These materials may include absorbent materials,filtration materials, catalytic materials, dissolving materials,reacting materials or other types of materials. Of course it should beunderstood that the types of liquid processing, treatment materials andmethods described are exemplary and in other arrangements, other typesor additional types of equipment, materials, structures and elements fortreating water or other liquids may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement, the tank 14 includes a central tube 22extending vertically therein. Tube 22 includes an internal tube conduit24. The exemplary tube conduit extends between a top end 26 of the tubeand a bottom end 28 of the tube. The bottom end of the tube is fluidlyopen to the area of the tank that includes the resin material. Thebottom end of the tube is in operative connection with a strainer 30.Strainer 30 operates to prevent the resin from entering the fluidconduit inside the tube.

The exemplary valve body includes at least one valve element thatselectively places ports of the valve in fluid communication. Anexemplary valve body includes an elongated cylindrical bore 32. The bore32 is elongated in a longitudinal direction which is the verticaldirection as the valve is shown in FIG. 1. The longitudinal directionmay alternatively be referred to as an axial direction herein. The bore32 has a movable piston 34 therein. The piston 34 includes on its outercircumferential surface, a plurality of longitudinally spaced recessedannular flow cavities such as cavity 36. The exemplary piston 34 alsoincludes a longitudinal flow cavity 38. Longitudinal flow cavity 38extends through the piston from a first longitudinal end 40 to a secondlongitudinal end 42.

The exemplary valve body further includes a plurality of annular flowcavities 44 for example, that extend in at least partially surroundingrelation of the bore 32. Although not shown in the drawings, but asdescribed in the incorporated disclosures, exemplary embodiments includeresilient seals that operatively extend between the piston and the wallsof the valve body that extend radially inward toward the bore. Theresilient seals are operative to prevent fluid flow between the radiallyoutwardly disposed annular surfaces of the piston and the annularradially inward extending walls bounding the flow cavities of the valvebody. In exemplary arrangements, the seals are configured to preventfluid flow other than through flow cavities that are in operative fluidconnection through the selective longitudinal positioning of the pistonas described herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, the piston 34 is in operative connectionwith a piston rod 46. The piston rod 46 is operatively connected to thesecond longitudinal end of the piston. The exemplary piston rod isoperatively connected to the piston through a releasable threadedconnection as shown. In the exemplary embodiment the threaded connectionincludes a coupling with fluid openings therethrough that enables theflow of liquid through the longitudinal flow passage. The coupling alsoenables the piston to be removed and replaced with a piston of adifferent configuration.

The exemplary piston rod extends through an opening 48 in the valvebody. A suitable resilient seal is provided adjacent the opening so asto prevent the escape of liquid from the inside of the valve body aroundthe piston rod. The piston rod is operatively connected at the endoutside the valve body to an actuator bracket 50. The actuator bracket50 is in operative connection with a valve controller of a type laterdescribed herein and/or as described in the incorporated disclosures.The valve controller is operative to selectively longitudinally move theactuator bracket and the piston rod so as to selectively position thepiston to provide different flow conditions. Of course it should beunderstood that this valve element configuration is exemplary and thatin other embodiments other at least one valve element configurationssuch as rotating elements, shutter elements or other types of fluid flowdirecting elements may be used.

The exemplary valve body includes a plurality of ports. The portsinclude an inlet port 52 which is designated with the letter A forpurposes of brevity. The exemplary inlet port is in operative connectionwith a source of untreated liquid. In exemplary embodiments, the sourceof untreated liquid may be a well, reservoir or other source of waterthat requires the treatment provided by passing the liquid through thewater treatment material tank. In exemplary arrangements the untreatedliquid is provided at an elevated pressure to the inlet port 52. This isaccomplished through the use of a pump, the head of liquid in a tank orreservoir, or other suitable method for providing the liquid to theinlet port at a positive pressure. As represented schematically inFigures, the inlet port A is in operative fluid connection with anannular flow cavity 53 within the exemplary valve body.

The valve body further includes an outlet port 54. Outlet port 54 whichis designated B for purposes of brevity, is configured to be inoperative connection with one or more devices that use treated liquid.For example, the outlet port 54 may be fluidly connected to a waterpiping system within the building in which the liquid treatmentequipment is installed. In such an exemplary system the exemplary outletport B is in operative connection with treated water use devices such asfaucets, showers, hot water tanks, etc. which deliver, store and/or usewater that has been treated by having passed through the tank. Of coursethis application is exemplary. As represented in the Figures, the outletport B is in operative connection with an annular flow cavity 55 withinthe valve body that is longitudinally disposed from the annular cavityin the valve body that is connected to Port A.

The exemplary valve body further includes a drain port 56. Drain port 56which is designated C for purposes of brevity is configured in theexemplary system to be in operative connection with a drain whichreceives waste water. The drain port 56 is in operative connection withan annular flow cavity 57 within the valve body as represented in theFigures. Further it should be understood that although the drain port Cis configured to be in connection with a wastewater drain, the waterpassed from the exemplary drain port may be captured for treatment andrecycling or for other suitable purposes.

The exemplary valve body further includes a first tank port 58. Thefirst tank port 58 is labeled D for purposes of brevity herein. In theexemplary arrangement the first tank port D is fluidly connected throughthe valve to a first area at the top of a tank. This first area is on anupper side of the resin material 20 in the tank. In the exemplaryarrangement the first tank port 58 is above the level of the resinmaterial 20 as shown. Of course it should be understood that thisarrangement is exemplary and other arrangements of components may beused in connection with other embodiments.

The exemplary valve body further includes a second tank port 60. Thesecond tank port 60 which is labeled E for purposes of brevity, is inoperative connection with the tube conduit 24 within the tube 22. Thesecond tank port 60 is in operative fluid connection with the lower areaof the tank through an opening at the bottom end 28 of the tube and thestrainer 30. The second tank port 60 is in operative fluid connectionwith the lower side of the resin material.

The exemplary valve body further includes a further port that in theexemplary system is referred to as brine port 62. Brine port 62 which islabeled F for purposes of brevity, is configured for operativeconnection with a brine tank. The brine tank of exemplary embodimentsmay provide a slurry of water softener salt and water which produces abrine solution which is utilized for regenerating the resin material inthe tank in a manner that is later discussed. The exemplary brine port62 is in operative connection with a movable valve member 64. Themovable valve member 64 is movable within the valve body and dependingon the position of the movable valve member, is operative to place thebrine port 62 in fluid connection with at least one fluid cavity withinthe valve body. In the exemplary embodiment a moveable plunger 66 is inoperative connection with the at least one movable valve member 64. Aspring 68 is in operative connection with the plunger and serves to biasthe plunger upwardly from the valve body as shown so as to close thevalve member 64. As later explained in detail, the valve controller isoperative to selectively move the plunger 66 so as to operativelyconnect the brine port to flow cavities within the valve for purposes ofdelivering treated liquid out of the valve from the brine port and forreceiving brine material from the brine tank.

In the exemplary embodiment the valve includes an injector 71. Theinjector 71 is positioned in a passage 75. The injector further includesa check valve 73. The check valve 73 enables flow from the injector tothe flow cavity 44 and prevents flow in the opposite direction. In theexemplary arrangement the injector is removably positionable in thepassage 75.

The exemplary valve body further includes a passage 59. In theconfiguration shown in FIG. 1, the passage 59 is closed by a removableplug 61.

The exemplary valve body further includes a passage 65. Passage 65 isfluidly connected with annular cavity 55. The valve body furtherincludes a chamber 69. Chamber 69 is in fluid communication with passage65. A screen 67 is positioned fluidly intermediate of the passage 65 andthe chamber 69. Chamber 69 is in fluid connection with the injector 71.

The exemplary embodiment of the control valve operates in an exemplarysystem in a manner similar to that described in greater detail in theincorporated disclosure. A valve controller that is in operativeconnection and with the actuator bracket moves the bracket along thelongitudinal direction which is the vertical direction as shown in FIG.1 and selectively positions the piston to achieve a plurality of flowconditions along different flow paths through the valve. In an exemplaryfirst condition of the valve represented in FIG. 1, untreated liquid isreceived into the valve through the inlet A. Liquid passes through thevalve cavities of the piston and the valve body as represented by thearrows shown in FIG. 1. The untreated liquid is in fluid connectionthrough the valve with the first tank port D. In this flow condition thecheck valve 73 prevents flow of untreated liquid through the injector 71to cavity 55 and the outlet B. Untreated liquid flows from the firsttank port downward through the top of the tank and into the resinmaterial 20. In some exemplary arrangements the top of the tank mayinclude a gas such as air or oxygen to react with materials dissolved inthe incoming liquid such as water to produce reaction products that canbe more readily separated from the liquid. In the exemplary arrangementthe liquid passing through the resin material undergoes an ion exchangein which calcium, magnesium and other positively charged ions in theliquid are captured by the resin and replaced in the liquid with sodiumions which are present in the resin.

In the condition shown in FIG. 1 the liquid that has been treated bypassing downward through the resin passes through the strainer 30 andtravels upwardly through the tube conduit 24 to the second tank port E.From this position the now treated liquid passes through the valve bodyfrom the second tank port E to the treated liquid outlet port B. Thetreated liquid is passed from the liquid outlet B to piping and to thedevices which use the treated liquid.

In the exemplary embodiment the valve controller operates the valve todeliver treated water from the brine port F of the valve to the brinetank at selected appropriate times. This is done in the exemplary systemso that the brine solution is available for delivery to the valve 10 andthe resin material 20 when required. In order to provide availablebrine, the valve controller is operative to depress plunger 66 downwardas represented by arrow P as shown in FIG. 2. Moving the plungerdownward is operative to move the movable valve member 64. Movement ofthe valve member 64 enables water that has been treated by passingthrough the resin and received at the second tank port E to be passedout of the valve through the brine port F.

In this valve configuration, the treated liquid passes through thepassage 65, through the screen 67 and into the chamber 69. From thechamber 69 the water flows into the interior of the body of the injector71 (later described in detail) and to the brine port F past the openvalve element 64. It should be noted that the check valve 73 preventsthe flow of untreated liquid into the body of the injector 71. Further,passage 59 which has a configuration similar to the passage whichincludes the injector body 71, is fluidly blocked by the plug 61 so asto require treated liquid to flow through the passage 65, the screen 67and chamber 69 into the injector body.

In the exemplary system treated water is passed out through the brineport for a sufficient time to enable production of suitable brinesolution by mixing of the water with water softener salt that has beenplaced in the brine tank. The production of the brine and themeasurement of the salt levels and other features associated with thebrine tank are discussed in the incorporated disclosures. As can beappreciated from FIG. 2, with the piston 34 positioned as shown, whiletreated liquid is being delivered to the brine tank the exemplary valvecontinues to deliver treated liquid from the second tank port E of thetank to the water outlet B.

After a period of operation of the exemplary system, the amount ofliquid such as water that has been treated by passing through the resinmaterial causes the ions in the resin material to change their characterto the point that the undesirable calcium and magnesium ions in theuntreated liquid are no longer satisfactorily replaced through the ionexchange with the more desirable sodium ions. When this conditionoccurs, the resin treatment material can be cleaned and regenerated inthe manner discussed in the incorporated disclosures and as describedherein, so as to return the resin material to satisfactory performance.In various embodiments the need to regenerate the resin may bedetermined on a timed basis, on the basis of the amount of liquid thathas passed through the tank, or based upon sensing the properties of thetreated liquid that has been delivered from the outlet B throughsuitable electronic sensors. As can be appreciated, in exemplary systemswhile the resin in the water softener is being regenerated, treatedwater may be supplied to the devices and systems that use treated waterfrom a storage tank holding a supply of treated water or by treating thewater with another water treatment device.

Operation of the exemplary valve in a first step in a treatment mediaregeneration process is represented in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, thepiston 34 of the valve is moved so as to be disposed upward from thepositions shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. This is done in the exemplaryembodiment by moving the piston in the longitudinal direction bymovement of the actuator bracket 50 and the piston rod 46.

Movement of the piston 34 to the position shown in FIG. 3 causes theinlet and outlet ports A and B of the valve to be in fluid connectionwith the second tank port E. Further in this position of the piston, thefirst tank port D is in operative connection through the valve body withthe drain C. As represented by the water flow arrows shown in FIG. 3,the untreated liquid at the elevated pressure and some treated liquidwhich can be drawn back through the liquid outlet port B, pass throughthe valve to the second tank port E and downward through the tube 22.The liquid passes through the bottom of the tube and outwardly throughthe strainer. The liquid is dispersed and flows upwardly through theresin 20 so as to backwash the resin. The backwash represents a reversalfrom the normal flow during liquid treatment and causes particles andother materials that have been captured in the resin to flow upward inthe tank.

The liquid flowing upward in the tank flows into the first tank port Dand through the valve body to the drain port C. As a result, theparticulates and other contaminants that can be dislodged and removed bybackwashing the resin are caused to flow out the top of the tank,through the valve and are discharged to a suitable waste drain throughthe drain port C. The backwash portion of the cycle continues for asuitable time in accordance with the programming of the valve controlleror associated control device to achieve the release of the majority ofthe particulates and contaminants that have been captured in the resinmaterial. The backwash operation may be continued on a timed or otherbasis sufficient to complete the operation.

At the conclusion of the backwash function, the exemplary valvecontroller is operative to change the condition of the valve to thatshown in FIG. 4. In the position of the piston 34 shown in FIG. 4,liquid under higher pressure from the inlet A as well as liquid pulledfrom the outlet B passes through the valve body to the first tank portD. In this condition, the exemplary valve controller is operative todepress the plunger 66 and move the movable valve member 64 so as toopen a flow path in the valve body. This causes the brine port F toenable solution to be received by the valve from the brine tank, intothe flow of liquid as it moves through the valve body and to the firsttank port D at the top of the tank. In exemplary embodiments brinedelivered to the brine port F may be pressurized through operation of apump or similar device so as to facilitate the delivery of the brineinto the valve body. In other arrangements, the brine may be moved intothe flow of liquid through venturi action or other suitable action whichis suitable for causing the brine to be moved into the brine port F andmixed in the water that is flowing through the flow cavities of thevalve body 12.

In the exemplary arrangement, treated liquid flows through the passage65 and the screen 67 into the chamber 69. From the chamber, the liquidflows through an opening 63 and into the interior of the body of theinjector 71. The incoming brine from brine port F mixes with the liquidwater in the interior of the injector body and flows in the direction inwhich flow is permitted past the check valve 73 at the inward end of theinjector 71. Once the brine containing liquid passes the check valve 73,it flows through an interior passage of the valve to the first tank portD.

In the position of the exemplary valve element and valve controllerrepresented in FIG. 4, liquid including the fresh water softener saltsolution passes through the area at the top of the tank and passesdownward into the resin material 20. The ions from the brine materialflow into and migrate in the resin material, regenerating the supply ofsodium ions therein and displacing the calcium, magnesium and other ionscurrently bonded to the resin particles therein. The water and the ionsthat are displaced from the resin material pass through the strainer 30at the bottom of the tube 22 and flow upwardly to the second tank port Eat the bottom of the valve. In this position of the valve piston 34 theliquid passing upwardly through the tube 22 passes through thelongitudinal flow cavity 38 of the piston, through the flow cavity atthe top of the valve body and out the drain port C. As a result,undesirable material is washed out of the resin and moved to the drainport.

The condition of the valve represented in FIG. 4 is maintained throughoperation of the valve controller for a period of time sufficient todraw an amount of brine into the tank that will regenerate the resin.Thereafter the exemplary valve controller operates to cause the plunger66 to no longer be positioned to cause the movable valve member 64 toenable brine to enter the valve body through the brine port F. Asrepresented in FIG. 5, the valve controller changes the position ofpiston 34 such that untreated liquid from the inlet A and liquidotherwise received from the outlet B pass through the valve body to thefirst tank port D. The check valve 73 of the injector 71 prevents flowto chamber 69 through the injector. The liquid which no longer has thenew brine mixed therein passes downwardly through the bed of resinmaterial 20 through the strainer and into the tube conduit 24 within thetube 22. In this condition of the exemplary valve, the liquid from thetube conduit passes upwardly through the tube 22 and the second tankport E, through the longitudinal flow cavity 38 in the piston andoutwardly to the drain port C of the valve body. Such flow through theresin provides a rinse function which is operative to cause anyremaining regenerate brine material in excess of that which is capturedwithin the resin material to be rinsed out and passed to the drain. Thecondition of the valve shown in FIG. 5 is maintained through operationof the valve controller for a sufficient time to clear the excessregenerate material from the tank. This may be done in some embodimentson a timed basis or other basis sufficient to accomplish the function.

Generally after regenerating the resin material as just described, theexemplary valve is returned by the valve controller to the flowcondition which is shown in FIG. 1. In this condition, untreated liquidwater enters the inlet A of the valve body, passes through the valvebody to the first tank port D. The liquid then passes through the resin20 where it undergoes treatment to remove undesirable materials and ionexchange is accomplished. The treated liquid then passes upwardlythrough the tube 22 to the second tank port E. The treated liquid thenpasses out of the valve body through the outlet B through which it isdelivered to the liquid distribution system in the building and thewater use devices. Generally the valve remains in this condition untilthe cycle for regenerating the resin material needs to be repeated.

It should be noted that in the exemplary embodiment the position of thepiston 34 in the rinse position of the valve shown in FIG. 5, isimmediately linearly longitudinally adjacent to the piston position 34when the valve is in its usual service mode of operation in whichuntreated liquid is treated by flowing through the resin in the resin inthe tank 14. This configuration minimizes the introduction of untreatedwater or other undesirable material when the condition of the valve ischanged between the last step in which the remaining regenerate materialis rinsed and removed from the tank, and the valve causes the system togo back into normal service mode. Of course it should be understood thatthis approach is exemplary and in other arrangements other approachesmay be used.

The exemplary control valve 10 further provides the function of a valveshutoff which in the exemplary system separates the liquid treatmenttank 14 from the untreated liquid inlet A. This function can avoid theneed for an external shutoff valve to prevent untreated liquid fromflowing to the control valve and the tank.

FIG. 6A represents the condition of the exemplary valve 10 in a shutoffcondition. As can be appreciated in the exemplary system when it isdesired to shut off the flow of untreated liquid to the valve and to thetank, the valve controller operates to cause the piston 34 to be movedto the position shown in FIG. 6A. In this position of the piston 34, theflow of untreated liquid into the inlet A is stopped by the position ofthe piston in which the annular flow cavities then connected to theinlet are not open to any other flow cavities within the valve.

As represented in FIG. 6A, the first tank port D is likewise incommunication with a flow cavity within the valve that is not fluidlyconnected to any other flow cavity. In this position of the piston, theliquid outlet B is in operative connection with the second tank port E.Liquid pressure is effectively maintained at the outlet B unless adevice such as a water use device is turned on which reduces suchpressure. As a result, flow is effectively discontinued on a selectivebasis through actuation of the valve controller. Of course it should beunderstood that this particular configuration is exemplary and in otherembodiments, other configurations may be utilized for purposes ofshutting off the flow between the liquid inlet A and the liquid outletB.

FIG. 6B represents the exemplary valve in a further shutoff condition.In the shutoff condition shown in FIG. 6B, the exemplary piston 34 is ina somewhat different longitudinal position from the position of thepiston in FIG. 6A. In the position shown in FIG. 6B, the flow ofuntreated liquid into inlet A is stopped and untreated liquid suppliedat the inlet does not flow through the valve to any other port.

However, in the position of the piston 34 in FIG. 6B fluid pressure atoutlet port B is relieved to the drain port C. This is achieved byhaving fluid ports B, E, D and C in fluid communication. In thisposition of the valve element almost all the fluid pressure is releasedfrom the outlet port C as well as from the lines and devices of thewater delivery system to which the valve is connected.

In some exemplary arrangements the valve may be placed with the valveelement in the shut off position shown in FIG. 6A or FIG. 6B dependingon the circumstances under which flow through the valve is shut off. Forexample in systems for management such as described in the incorporateddisclosures of U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 14/698,381 and/or14/698,399, the valve may be controlled to be in the shutoff conditionwith pressure maintained on the outlet port B when the liquid flow is tobe shut off, but the delivery system is to remain pressurized at thenormal level. In such circumstances the exemplary valve is configured asshown in FIG. 6A. However, if the management system operates in responseto conditions where the outlet port and liquid distribution system isprogrammed to be depressurized, the controller operates to configure theexemplary valve in the shutoff position shown in FIG. 6B. This may bedone for example, when a probable system leak is detected. In suchcircumstances the central controller of the liquid management system mayoperate to minimize damage, by not only shutting off further incomingliquid, but also by relieving pressure at the outlet port B so thatliquid such as water in the distribution system can pass out of thevalve to the drain C. This may reduce the amount of liquid which comesout of the system at the site of the leak. Of course this approach isexemplary and in other embodiments, other approaches may be used.

A further feature of the exemplary embodiment of valve 10 when used inthe exemplary water treatment system is the ability to operate the valvecontroller to allow incoming liquid to bypass the water treatment tank14. For example in an exemplary system there are some situations such aswhen delivering water to an external spigot to wash off a sidewalk,irrigate plants and the like, when it may not matter that the water isuntreated. Further in some situations the amount of water required for aparticular activity may be relatively large compared to the amount ofwater that is used in circumstances where it is highly desirable for thewater to be treated by having been treated by having passed through thetank 14.

In situations where it is desirable to deliver untreated liquid for useby a particular device, the exemplary valve controller may be operatedto cause the piston 34 in the valve 10 to be moved to the longitudinalposition shown in FIG. 7. In this piston position, untreated liquidwhich is delivered at the inlet A is passed through the valve bodydirectly to the outlet B without passing through the resin material 20in the tank. In this way, the untreated liquid is provided to the wateruse devices for as long as untreated water is desired. After theactivity is accomplished for which the untreated water will be used,suitable signals can be delivered to the valve controller to return thevalve condition to that shown in FIG. 1 in which the water is againtreated by passing through the tank.

Of course it should be understood that the valve configuration shown isexemplary and in other embodiments other valve configurations havingdifferent valve body arrangements, valve element configurations, portsand other structures may be utilized. Further, while the exemplaryembodiment has been described in connection with a water treatmentprocess, other embodiments may be utilized in connection with othertypes of fluid treatment equipment and processes.

The exemplary embodiment of the valve controller includes features thatenable the valve controller housing to be readily installed inconnection with the valve. Further this exemplary construction enablesthe valve controller to be readily replaced or serviced.

An exemplary embodiment of the valve controller 70 is represented inFIGS. 8 and 9. The exemplary valve controller is operative toselectively move the actuator bracket 50 and the piston rod 46 toposition the piston 34 longitudinally within the valve body 12 in themanner previously discussed herein. The actuator 70 may include thefeatures and devices of the incorporated disclosures so as to carry outthis function. Of course it should be appreciated that in otherembodiments, other types of structures, devices and mechanisms may beutilized for purposes of providing selectively controlled movement ofone or more valve elements.

In the exemplary embodiment of the controller 70 a valve base 72 isconfigured to be in operative connection with the valve body 12 of thevalve 10. A valve controller housing 74 is configured to be selectivelyengageable with the valve base and placed in an operative position inwhich the valve controller may change the condition of the valve. Thevalve controller housing 74 is also configured to be readilydisengageable from the valve base for reconfiguration, replacement orrepair.

In the exemplary arrangement, the valve controller housing and the valvebase include interengaging projections and slots to provide for thesecure engagement and selective disengagement of the valve base andhousing. Although it should be understood that the interengagingprojections and slots may be in fixed connection with either of theengageable components, in the exemplary embodiment the valve baseincludes a pair of elongated rail projections 76. The pair of elongatedrail projections 76 extend on opposed sides of the piston rod 46 andextend generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in whichthe piston rod is moveable.

The exemplary elongated rail projections are configured to be engaged incaptured relation by elongated recessed slots 78. Elongated slots 78extend in portions of the valve controller housing 74. The exemplaryslots 78 are configured such that the rails 76 once extended therein arecaptured and immovable in all directions except along the direction ofthe rail projections designated by arrows R in FIG. 8. The secureengagement of the projections and slots may be achieved in differentembodiments by interengaging tabs, flanges or other structures on theprojections and slots which only enable such items to be engaged anddisengaged by movement along the direction of arrows R.

The exemplary valve controller housing 74 further includes a pair ofdeformable members 80. Deformable members 80 each terminate at a hook82. Each hook 82 is configured to engage and hold tabs 84 that areoperatively connected with at least one wall when the valve controllerhousing is in the operative position as shown in FIG. 9. It should beunderstood, however, that the hook and tab configuration shown isexemplary and in other arrangements, the configuration may be reversedsuch that the hooks are included in engagement with the valve base andthe structures for engaging the hooks are included on the valvecontroller housing. Further, other structures may be utilized forselectively holding and releasing the valve base and valve controllerhousing in the operative position.

In the exemplary arrangement, the actuator bracket 50 is configured tobe readily operatively engaged with and disengaged from the structureswhich operate to selectively move the actuator bracket which are part ofthe valve controller housing. In the exemplary arrangement, the actuatorbracket 50 includes a longitudinally elongated guide yoke portion 86.Guide yoke portion 86 includes a longitudinally elongated guide slot 88.The exemplary actuator bracket is further configured to include anactuator recess 90. Actuator recess 90 includes an elongated actuatorslot that is elongated in a direction transverse to the longitudinaldirection.

In an exemplary arrangement, the guide slot 88 in the guide yoke portionis configured to accept a guide pin 92 on the housing in movablerelation therein. In the exemplary arrangement, the valve controllerhousing 74 includes a pair of deformable holding projections 94. Theholding projections are spaced apart in symmetric relation relative toguide pin 92 and are sized to enable the guide yoke portion 86 to extendin movable relation between the holding projections. In the exemplaryarrangement, each of the holding projections includes an angled hook end96. Hook ends 96 of the holding projections 94 extend in facing relationand are configured to enable the guide yoke portion to be moved betweenthe holding projections and held between the projections by the hookends. As a result, the guide yoke portion is enabled to move in alongitudinal direction while positioned between the holding projectionsand in guided relation in the longitudinal direction by the guide pin92. Further the hook ends 96 serve to prevent the guide yoke portionfrom moving out of the area between the holding projections and beingdisengaged from the guide pin.

It should be understood that this approach is exemplary and in otherarrangements, one or more guide pins may be positioned on an actuatorbracket which engage with slots or other openings in the housing.Further other structures may be utilized for engaging the actuatorbracket or similar structures in releasable movable connection.

Further in the exemplary arrangement, the actuator recess 90 isconfigured to receive therein an actuator pin 98. Actuator pin 98 of theexemplary arrangement is operative to be selectively moved in an arcuatepath responsive to operation of the valve controller 70. In theexemplary arrangement, the actuator pin 98 is positioned on a rotatablemember that is selectively rotated so as to control the relativevertical position of the actuator pin, and thus control the movement andlongitudinal position of the piston 34 through longitudinal movement ofthe actuator bracket 50.

In the exemplary arrangement, the actuator pin is selectively moved inan arcuate path which causes the pin 98 to move relatively transverselywithin the actuator recess 90. The selective positioning of the actuatorpin 98 along its arcuate path as determined through operation of thevalve controller 70 is usable to selectively position the actuatorbracket 50 and the piston 34 in operative connection therewith, in thedesired positions to achieve the desired flow conditions through thevalve.

Further, the exemplary arrangement enables the bracket to be readilyoperatively disengaged from the valve controller housing 74. As can beappreciated, disengagement of the deformable members 80 from the tabsallows relative movement of the valve base 72 and the valve controllerhousing 74 along the direction of arrow R and in an opposed directionfrom when the base and housing are being engaged. In the exemplaryarrangement, the holding projections 94 are movable and deformable toenable the hook ends 96 to release the guide yoke portion 86 of thebracket 50 from being held in intermediate relation of the holdingprojections 94. In addition, in the exemplary embodiment the actuatorpin 98 may be moved out of the elongated actuator slot 90. Thus theactuator housing and the components attached thereto may be readilydisengaged from the valve base 72. Thereafter a new valve controllerhousing 74 may be readily engaged with the valve base 72 and theactuator bracket 50. Such replacement may be done for repair ormaintenance purposes. Alternatively an alternative valve actuatorhousing may be installed to provide additional or different features andfunctions for operation of the valve and related components such as theexemplary water treatment system. For example a valve controller thatoperates based on wired connections with other system components may bereplaced with a valve controller that communicates wirelessly with othercomponents, and vice versa. Alternatively the valve controller may bereplaced to convert the valve and associated equipment to operate via adifferent method of operation. Of course it should be understood thatthese approaches are exemplary and in other embodiments, otherapproaches may be used.

Further in the exemplary arrangement as shown in FIG. 9 the valvecontroller housing 74 includes a rotatable member 100 which includes camsurfaces 102 thereon. The cam surfaces 102 are configured to operativelyengage the plunger 66 and displace the plunger so as to control themovement of the movable valve member 64 within the valve body. In theexemplary arrangement the rotatable member 100 and cam surfaces 102 areconfigured so that the valve controller housing 74 can be disengagedfrom the valve base 72 without interference with the plunger member 66.This further facilitates the ready installation and replacement of thevalve controller housing. As can be appreciated, the exemplary valvecontroller includes a pair of cam surfaces 102 which enables opening themovable valve member twice during a single rotation of the rotatablemember. This may correspond, for example, to operation of the valve andits associated equipment in connection with a method that requiresopening of the movable valve element 64 two times during a particularoperation cycle such as the one previously described. Of course itshould be understood that in other embodiments, different numbers of camsurfaces may be utilized. Further other exemplary arrangements mayinclude valves with additional valve elements and cam members so as toenable the introduction of other liquids and fluids into the valve atvarious selected cycle times during operation of the valve and theassociated equipment.

As represented in FIG. 9, the exemplary valve controller includes amotor 104. The motor 104 is in operative connection with a transmissiongenerally referred to as 106. The transmission of the exemplaryembodiment includes a plurality of connected gears or similar motiontransmission devices that are selectively moved through operation of themotor 104. The transmission 106 of the exemplary arrangement isoperative to move the actuator pin 98, rotatable member 100 and otherstructures which control the positioning of the valve components in acoordinated manner so as to achieve the desired coordinated operation ofthe valve structures. Further the exemplary valve controller includes anencoder 108. The encoder 108 moves in coordinated relation with one ormore components of the transmission. One or more sensors (such as anoptical sensor) is in operative connection with the encoder throughoperation of control circuitry such as is described in the incorporateddisclosures. The encoder and associated sensor or sensors may beutilized to determine the then current status and/or position of thevalve components so as to enable the valve controller to selectivelymove the various components associated with the valve in the desiredmanner. Of course it should be understood that the transmission, motor,encoder and other structures of the valve controller shown are exemplaryand in other embodiments, other types of valve controller arrangementsmay be utilized.

FIG. 10 shows schematically an alternative embodiment of a control valvegenerally indicated 110. Control valve 110 is generally similar tocontrol valve 10 previously described except as otherwise mentioned.Control valve 110 corresponds to a control valve that has beenreconfigured so as to enable the carrying out of different functionalprocesses as discussed herein.

Control valve 110 includes a valve body 112. Valve body 112 isconfigured for operative attachment to the liquid treatment tank 114.This may be for example by releasable threaded connection. In exemplaryarrangements valve body 112 may be identical to body 12. Like thepreviously described water treatment tank, the exemplary tank has a topportion 116 and a bottom portion 118. The exemplary liquid treatmenttank houses water treatment material such as a resin material 120. Theresin material may be one of the types like those previously described.Of course other types of liquid treatment materials or combinations ofmaterials may be used in other embodiments. Further it should beunderstood that the water treatment process performed using the controlvalve is merely one example of an application for the particular controlvalve arrangement.

The exemplary liquid treatment tank includes therein a tube 122 whichprovides a conduit 124 between the top and bottom portions of the tank.The top end of the tube 126 is operatively connected to the valve body112. The bottom end of the tube 128 is in operative connection with astrainer 130.

Similar to the previously described control valve 10, the valve body 112includes at least one movable valve element. The exemplary valveincludes a generally cylindrical, longitudinally extending bore 132. Apiston 134 is selectively movable in the longitudinal direction withinthe bore 132. It should be noted that the exemplary piston 134 has thesame configuration as piston 34 of the previously described embodiment.As in the prior embodiment the exemplary valve is configured to enablethe piston to be changeable.

As discussed in connection with the previously described embodiment,piston 134 includes a plurality of annular recesses which define annularflow cavities 136. Annular flow cavities also generally surround thebore and are longitudinally spaced within the body of the valve. Piston134 also includes a longitudinal flow cavity therethrough 138. Piston134 includes a first longitudinal end 140 and a second longitudinal end142. As in the case with the previously described embodiment, the secondlongitudinal end includes a threaded portion adjacent the secondlongitudinal end 144 which is releasibly engageable with a coupling 144.The coupling 144 of the exemplary arrangement provides for operativereleasable connection of the piston 134 and a piston rod 146. As withthe prior embodiment, the coupling 144 enables fluid to flowtherethrough through the longitudinal flow cavity 138 of the piston.

In the exemplary arrangement associated with the control valve 110, thepiston 146 is in operative connection with an actuator bracket 150.Actuator bracket 150 is configured to be moved by a valve controllerwhich may be similar to the valve controller 70 previously discussed. Ofcourse it should be understood that in other embodiments, other types ofvalve controllers may be used.

Like previously described control valve 10, control valve 110 furtherincludes an inlet port 152 which is labeled A for purposes of brevityherein. The valve also includes an outlet port 154 labeled B. Theexemplary valve further includes a drain port 156 labeled C. Valve 110further includes a first tank port 158 labeled D and a second tank port160 labeled E. The exemplary valve 110 further includes a brine port 162(labeled F). The brine port F similar to the previously describedembodiment, is connected to a fluid passage within the valve which isopened and closed through selective movement of a movable valve member164. The movable valve member 164 is moved between open and closedpositions through movement of a plunger 166 which is biased toward thevalve member closing position by a spring 168. As is the case with theprior described embodiment, the plunger 166 may be selectively movedbetween the open and closed positions of the valve through operation ofthe valve controller. This may be done by engagement with cam surfacessuch as cam surfaces 102 previously described. Of course in otherarrangements, other approaches may be used.

Similar to the previously described valve, valve 110 includes a flowpassage 165 which is fluidly connected to a chamber 169. A screen 167 ispositioned such that fluid passes through the screen 167 to reach thechamber 169.

Valve 110 includes a passage 170 similar to passage 59 that is disposedbelow the passage 165 as shown and a further passage 172 similar topassage 75 that is disposed above passage 165. An injector 171 that issimilar to injector 71 is positioned in passage 170. The injector 171includes a check valve 194. A plug 174 which may be similar to the plug61 of the previously described embodiment is positioned in passage 172.In the exemplary embodiment a fluid passage that is not separately shownextends between the passage 172 and passage 170. This fluid passage isseparate from the fluid passage 165 and enables the brine port F tocommunicate with both passages 170 and 172. In this exemplaryarrangement, the plug 174 positioned in the passage 172 enables thebrine port F to be in communication with the passage 170 and theinjector 171. This enables the injector body to be in fluidcommunication with the brine port when the valve member 164 is open.

In the exemplary valve 110 a removable cover 176 closes the chamber 169.In the exemplary arrangement suitable sealing elements such as gasketsand fastening members such as screws are provided to enable holding thecover to the rest of the valve body and for maintaining the chamber 169in fluid tight engagement therewith. In the exemplary arrangement thecover 176 enables selectively accessing the passages 170 and 172 as wellas the plug and injector that may be positioned therein. This enablesthe exemplary valve 110 to be configured such that the injector may beselectively positioned in either one of the fluid passages 170 or 172.Likewise the plug 174 can be selectively positioned in the other one ofthe passages 170 or 172 in which the injector 171 is not currentlypositioned.

FIGS. 11 and 12 are cutaway views of the portion of the valve body 112and the passages 170 and 172. In the arrangement shown in FIGS. 11 and12, the injector 171 is shown positioned in passage 172 while the plug174 is positioned in passage 170. This corresponds to the configurationof the injector and plug shown in valve 10 that has the positions of theinjector and plug reversed from that shown in valve 110. Thus as can beappreciated, the exemplary embodiment of valve 110 enables a personassembling the valve initially to selectively position the injector body171 and plug 174 in either passage 170 or passage 172 as is appropriatefor the operation of the particular control valve. Further thisexemplary configuration may enable a service technician or personmodifying the valve to remove the cover and change the positions of theinjector body and the plug so as to modify the operational capabilitiesof the valve. Further in other alternative arrangements the valve may beconfigured to have plugs positioned in both of the passages 170 and 172.This might be done, for example, to have a valve that operates not tohave brine solution or other material introduced into the liquid thatpasses through the valve. Alternatively in still other arrangementsinjectors or other elements may be positioned in both of the fluidpassages. This might be done, for example, in valve configurations wherein multiple positions of the piston, it is desirable to introduce brinesolution or other material into the liquid flow.

It should also be appreciated that alternative arrangements may beutilized in connection a valve configuration like that described. Forexample, check valves or other arrangements may be utilized so as toallow fluid flow in an opposite direction from that permitted by thecheck valve of the injector so that fluid may be enabled to flow intothe chamber 169 in certain longitudinal positions of the piston forproducing a desired flow path. Further in other alternativearrangements, the chamber 169 may have multiple segregated areas so asto be in connection with additional ports or flow paths through thevalve. Such capabilities may provide additional flow alternatives to thevalve which enable the valve to provide additional capabilities. As canbe appreciated, those skilled in the art can develop numerous changeablevalve configurations suitable for different processes and equipment fromthe description provided herein.

Further in the exemplary arrangement the plug 174 includes disposedannular seals 178 and 180. These disposed annular seals are comprised ofresilient material that engage the adjacent walls of the flow passage soas to provide fluid tight engagement therewith. However, as can beappreciated, the body portion 182 of the plug 174 that extends betweenthe seals is spaced inwardly from the annular wall bounding the passage170. This provides the capability for fluid to occupy and flow in thearea between the annular wall bounding the passage and the body portion182 without the fluid being able to flow directly into the chamber 169or the passage 184 which can fluidly connect with the area adjacent tothe second tank port 160. As can be appreciated, this exemplaryconstruction of the plug 174 when positioned in the passage 172 asrepresented in FIG. 10 enables the brine solution which enters thepassage 172 to flow around the body portion 182 of the plug member andinto the chamber 170 to reach the injector 171.

As also shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the exemplary injector 171 includesdisposed annular resilient seals 186, 188 and 190 which engage insealing relation the adjacent annular wall bounding the passage 172. Theexemplary injector includes a liquid inlet 192 similar to opening 63 ata first end, and an outlet from the check valve 194 at the opposed end.In the exemplary arrangement the seals 186 and 188 bound an area 198which can be filled with the brine solution which is received thereinwhen the valve member 164 is open. Brine in the area 198 is drawnthrough openings 200 in the injector body as liquid flows therethrough.This causes the brine solution to be mixed with the liquid as it flowsthrough the injector body in the manner previously discussed. Treatedwater can also be delivered from area 198 to the port F in anappropriate valve condition like that previously discussed. Of course itshould be understood that this injector configuration is exemplary andin other valve and system arrangements, other approaches andconfigurations may be used.

In the exemplary system used in conjunction with valve 110 and shown inFIG. 10, the valve may be operated in conjunction with a water treatmenttank in a manner similar to that previously described in connection withvalve 10. However, in this exemplary embodiment, the selectivepositioning of the piston 134 by the valve controller associated withthe valve enables the regeneration of the resin material 120 housed inthe tank 114 via the upward flow of the brine solution rather than via adownward flow of the brine solution such as is described in connectionwith the operation of valve 10 and represented in FIG. 4. In the priordescribed example of the system used in connection with valve 10, thebrine solution acts to regenerate the resin material housed in the tankby flowing from the upper surface thereof and to the bottom area and outthe tube 22. In the operation of valve 110, regeneration is accomplishedby distributing the brine solution initially from the bottom end of thetube 128 and having the solution migrate radially outwardly from thestrainer and upwardly through the resin so as to provide forregeneration thereof. This may be more effective for some resinmaterials or tank configurations. Further it should be appreciated thatbecause in some exemplary arrangements the piston 134 and valve body 112may be identical to piston 34 and valve body 12 respectively, the changein capability from downflow regeneration to upflow regeneration may beaccomplished by changing the respective positions of the injector andthe plug within the valve body and changing the programming associatedwith the controller so that the controller positions the piston in adifferent position (e.g. the position shown in FIG. 4 for downflow andthe position shown in FIG. 10 for upflow). This is useful in that theneed for servicers and installers to have a stock of different valvesfor upflow and downflow regeneration can be avoided.

As can be appreciated, the method for configuring the exemplary valvefor either upflow or downflow regeneration includes removing the cover176 to access the chamber 169. The injector 171 and the plug 174 arepositioned in the passages 170, 172 in the manner appropriate for theregeneration approach desired for the unit.

The cover 176 is then installed to fluidly seal chamber 169. The valvecontroller 70 is programmed via one or more inputs through anappropriate input device such as a laptop or handheld computer, whichinputs controller executable instructions that cause the piston to moveto the appropriate position for the regeneration approach to be used.Further these method steps can be used to change the regenerationapproach of an existing unit. This capability of the exemplaryembodiments to be configured as desired without the need to change valvebodies, pistons or actuators can be useful and cost effective.

In the exemplary operation of the valve 110, the valve is enabled tooperate in a manner similar to that discussed in connection with valve10 and is represented in FIGS. 1-3 and 5-7.

It should be appreciated that in the exemplary arrangement, the plug 174is configured so that treated liquid such as water can be directed outof the brine port F in a manner similar to that described in FIG. 2 dueto the configuration of the plug and the annular flow chamber whichextends around the central body portion 182 thereof. As a result,treated liquid is enabled to be delivered from the area 198 of theinjector body, to the brine port and into a brine tank holding materialso as to produce a brine solution which can later be introduced toregenerate the resin in a manner like that discussed in connection withthe prior embodiment.

When the resin material 120 in the liquid treatment tank 114 is to beregenerated, the piston 134 is moved to the position shown in FIG. 10.In this position, brine solution produced in the brine tank is drawninto the brine port F due to the opening of the movable valve element164. The brine is drawn through the annular chamber around the centralbody portion 182 of the plug 174 and passes through the fluid passageinto the area 198 of the injector body 171. Liquid flows from the inletA through the passage 165 and into the chamber 169. From the chamber169, the liquid flows through the injector body 171 where it is mixedwith the brine solution and passes downwardly through the tube 122. Theregenerate brine laden liquid then passes through the bottom of the tube128 through the strainer and upwardly through the resin material 120where it replaces the ions of contaminants that have been removed fromthe liquid previously treated. The released ions and other contaminantsflow upwardly through the first tank port D and out through the drain Cof the valve. This process is carried out for a sufficient time so as toregenerate the capabilities of the resin to remove undesirable materialsfrom liquid which is passed therethrough after completion of the resinregeneration cycle. Of course it should be understood that theseapproaches and configurations are exemplary and in other embodiments,other configurations and process approaches may be utilized. Further itmay be appreciated that the water treatment application for valve 110and the structures and elements described in connection therewith isonly one of many exemplary applications in which such elements andstructures may be used.

An exemplary water management system which is alternatively referred toherein as a liquid management system, will now be described. Severalfunctional block diagrams of example systems are illustrated anddescribed herein for purposes of explanation; however, it is to beunderstood that functionality that is described as being carried out bycertain system components may be performed by multiple components.Similarly, for instance, a component may be configured to performfunctionality that is described as being carried out by multiplecomponents.

For purposes of this disclosure, liquid conditioners include devices andsystems that are operative to improve the quality of water orwater-based liquids. Liquid conditioners may include water softeners,filters, disinfecting devices, systems that oxidize contaminants andother similar water conditioners and systems. Exemplary embodiments ofsuch liquid conditioners and the devices associated therewith aredescribed in the following patent applications, the disclosures of eachof which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety: U.S.patent application Ser. Nos. 13/492,391; 14/024,918; 61/986,423;62/069,897; 62/119,507; 62/522,139; 62/522,294; 15/261,442; 15/590,733;and 15/590,755.

With reference to FIG. 13, an example system 1000 that facilitatesliquid management is illustrated. The liquid management system 1000 mayinclude a master controller 1020. An example of a master controller thatmay have one or more of the features described herein may be acontroller associated with the master control valve shown in U.S.Application No. 61/986,423 filed Apr. 30, 2014 which is herebyincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The exemplary master controller 1020 may include one or more processors1040 in operative connection with one or more data stores 1060. As usedherein, a processor corresponds to any electronic device that isconfigured via processor executable instructions 1160 implemented ashardware circuits, software, firmware, and/or applications that areoperative to enable the processor to process data and/or carry out otheractions. For example, this processor of the master controller and anyother processor described herein may correspond to one or more (or acombination) of a microprocessor, CPU, FPGA, ASIC, or any otherintegrated circuit (IC) or other type of circuit that is capable ofprocessing data in a controller, computer, server, or other type ofelectronic device. Also, it should be appreciated that a data store maycorrespond to one or more of a volatile or non-volatile memory device,RAM, flash memory, hard drive, SSD, database, and/or any other type ofdevice that is operative to store data.

The exemplary master controller described herein may also include amaster wireless communication device 1080 which is alternativelyreferred to herein as a wireless portal, that enables the mastercontroller to wirelessly communicate messages with a plurality of slaveassemblies 1100. Such slave assemblies may have a slave controller 1120that includes a corresponding and/or compatible slave wirelesscommunication device 1180 also alternatively referred to herein as awireless portal, that enables bi-directional communication with themaster communication device 1080.

Such master and slave wireless communication devices may includecomponents having low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4standard or other wireless standard. An example may include MiWi®modules provided by Microchip Technologies of Chandler, Ariz. Otherexamples of communication devices that may be used include ZigBeecompatible modules. However, it should be appreciated that inalternative example embodiments alternative and/or additional types ofthe wireless communication devices 1080, 1180 may be used such as thosethat are operative to carry out Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth communications(i.e., devices that are compatible with IEEE 802.11 and/or Bluetooth SIGstandards).

As with the master controller 1020, the exemplary slave controller 1120may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one data store1200. Processor executable instructions 1500 may cause the processor1140 to process data, make control determinations, communicate messagesand/or carry out other actions. The slave assembly 1100 may also includeor be in operative connection with further devices and/or assembliesthat are operative to be controlled by the slave controller responsiveto wireless communications from the master controller 1020. In exemplaryembodiments the devices controlled by slave controllers may includecomponents of water conditioners or other devices as discussedhereafter.

In an example embodiment, each data store of each slave controller mayinclude preprogrammed function data 1200 indicating a respectivefunction of the respective slave controller and the controlled device ordevices with which it is associated, which is considered part of theslave assembly. When the described system is being initially configured(or at other times), the master controller may be operative towirelessly output at least one message to each of the slave controllerswithin range of wireless communications, which messages cause the slavecontrollers associated with the assemblies, which are sometimes referredto herein as devices, to communicate the respective function data 1200back to the master controller 1020. The master controller may then storethe received function data in the data store 1060 in correlated relationwith respective unique network identifiers 1220 (e.g., MAC address, IPaddresses or other unique ID) associated with the respective slavecontrollers 1120 and respective slave controller communications.

FIG. 28 is an exemplary flow chart which shows the high level activitiesexecuted by the master controller and the slave controllers inconnection with the master controller establishing communication withslave controllers, and which is operative to configure the mastercontroller and a respective slave controller to join in the localwireless network controlled by the master controller.

As represented in FIG. 28, in some exemplary embodiments the process ofsearching for and establishing connections with the slave controllersmay be initiated by a user actuating a manual input device such as abutton associated with the master controller. In other exemplaryembodiments, a user interface device such as a separate portable tabletcomputer or other device may be utilized to provide one or more inputsthat cause the master controller to be placed in a search mode.Alternatively, in other embodiments the process for establishingcommunications between the master controller and the slave controllersmay be initiated from a mobile application that operates on a portableuser interface device such as a smart phone or tablet. In someembodiments such communications from the portable user interface may bevia a local wireless network, Wi-Fi network or Internet connection. Asdescribed in FIG. 28, the master controller of an exemplary embodimentsends communications wirelessly and receives messages from devices thatrespond. New devices that have not previously been configured tocommunicate with the master controller send data that identifies theirproperties, functionality and/or associated device. Such messages mayalso include identifying data or other data which is indicative ofwhether the device is allowed to join the network. As can beappreciated, certain security features may be applied to the informationthat is communicated to assure that only appropriate devices are allowedto join in the wireless network. Further, communications with thedevices may be encrypted via public key encryption or other suitablemethods for purposes of securing the communications.

As represented in FIG. 28, the master controller determines if the slavecontroller is allowed to join the network based on its functionality andother credentials. If so, the master controller adds the device to itsdevice table and will communicate with the slave controller to indicatethat it has been joined in the network. Alternatively, if the mastercontroller determines that the slave controller does not qualify to bejoined in the network, a message is sent to the slave controllerindicating that it has not been joined in the network. In some exemplaryarrangements certain of the slave controllers include wireless repeatingtransceivers. These wireless repeating transceivers receive the wirelessmessages from the master controller and re-transmit them wirelessly toother slave controllers. A slave controller may communicate to themaster controller through multiple intermediate slave controllers. Suchcommunications may be used to greatly extend the wireless range of thesignals from the master controller. Other slave controllers may notinclude wireless repeating transceivers, and therefore such slavecontrollers must be within range of at least one of the mastercontroller or a slave controller including a wireless repeatingtransceiver. Of course it should be understood that the approachrepresented in FIG. 28 is exemplary and in other arrangements, otherapproaches may be used.

In an example embodiment, the master controller is configured (e.g.,programmed) to control each respective slave controller and the devicesin the associated slave assembly based at least in part on the functiondata indicating the respective function of each slave assembly. However,it should be appreciated that even though the master controller isconfigured to control a plurality of slave controllers (and theirrespective devices), the implementation of the described system mayinclude as few as one slave assembly. Such a system may then be modifiedto include additional slave assemblies in order to expand thecapabilities of the water management system.

In some exemplary implementations of the described liquid managementsystem 1000, at least one of the slave assemblies may be in operativeconnection with a slave device 1600 that functions as a liquidmanagement device 1320. As used herein, a liquid management device is adevice that is operative to affect liquid that is moved through a liquidnetwork 1240.

Such a liquid network in a household or other building may include awater source 1260 such as a connection to a well water source,reservoir, cistern, municipal water source, or other water source. Theliquid network may also include plumbing 1280 connected to the liquidsource such as one or more pipes through which liquid flows. Inaddition, the liquid network may include one or more water consumptiondevices 1300 connected to the plumbing such as a faucet, a hose bib, asprinkler system, an ice maker, a washing machine, a dishwasher, adrinking fountain, or any other device that consumes or uses water.

In this described system, the master controller is operative to controlthe at least one slave assembly to cause the liquid management device tooperate via communication of wireless messages with the at least oneslave assembly. Examples of liquid management devices 1320 that arecontrolled by one or more slave assemblies may include liquidconditioners such as a water softener, a filter, sterilization device,contaminant oxidation device, a reverse osmosis device, an ultravioletlight treatment device, or any combination thereof or other devices thatmay be controlled as part of a slave assembly which may include valves,a pump, a tank, a water heater, a sump pump, a well pump, an ozonegenerator device, a re-pressure system, a gray water collection andreuse system, irrigation system or other device types including devicesthat are included in or separate from liquid conditioners.

In these examples, slave assemblies that are adapted to control liquidmanagement devices via valves included in the slave assembly, may bereferred to herein as slave valve assemblies 1400. Examples of devices1600 that are operated and/or which may have the operative conditionsthereof changed via a valve mechanism in a slave valve assembly, mayinclude a liquid conditioner such as a water softener or filter.

In addition, it should be appreciated that the described slaveassemblies may include and/or may be in operative connection to asensor. Such slave assemblies may be referred to herein as slave sensorassemblies 1420. Such sensor assemblies which communicate sensor data tothe master controller are also referred to herein as transceivers. Thesensors in connection with transceivers may be useful in the managementof liquid in a liquid network or may be useful for other purposesunrelated to liquid management. The master controller 1020 may beoperative to communicate and control a slave sensor assembly to retrievedata acquired by the sensor via communication of wireless messages withthe transceiver associated with the sensor. In an example embodiment,such a sensor may include a salt sensor (for a brine tank), a moisturesensor, a water flow sensor, a video camera, a microphone, a motionsensor, a light sensor, a temperature sensor, an airflow sensor, a powersensor, a voltage sensor, an amperage sensor, a rain gauge, a liquidlevel sensor, a radon sensor, a smoke detector, a carbon monoxidedetector, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor or anycombination thereof. It should be understood that sensors may beincluded as part of liquid conditioners or other devices that are a partof a slave assembly that is controlled responsive to a slave controllerthat is associated with the particular device. Other types of sensorsmay not be integrated with a device that is controlled by a slavecontroller. Such sensors may be in operative connection with atransceiver which is operative to communicate with the master controllerand provide messages including data that corresponds to one or moreproperties that are sensed through operation of the sensor. It shouldalso be understood that such slave sensor assemblies may includeprocessors, data stores and other capabilities that enable the sensorassembly to store, analyze, selectively report or otherwise providecapabilities related to sensed values in addition to sending messagesthat include data corresponding to sensed parameters.

In addition, some slave assemblies may include slave controllers adaptedto control the supply of liquid to liquid management devices 1320 (orother devices 1340) via a relay included in and/or in operativeconnection with the slave assembly. As used herein, such slaveassemblies may be referred to as slave relay assemblies 1440. Exemplaryrelays may be operative to control the delivery of electricity to orwithdrawal of electricity from devices that operate in response toelectrical power. It should be understood that in some exemplaryembodiments, relays may change condition between supplying and notsupplying power to a device. However, in other arrangements, relays mayoperate to change the nature of the electrical power supplied such aschanging the voltage, amperage or other electrical properties of powerdelivered so as to control an electrical device. Examples of slavedevices 1600 that may be controlled via a relay of a slave relayassembly may include a light source, a sound output device, a pump, aheater, a compressor, a motor, and/or any electrical device that can beoperated or controlled through operation of a relay.

In addition it should be appreciated that some slave devices 1600 may becontrolled via a secondary interface that is included in and/or inoperative connection with the slave assembly. For example, other typesof slave devices 1340 may include an external or remote electronicdevice such as a TV, home entertainment system, security system, aceiling fan, or a home automation system, that are controlled via aninfrared (IR) output, an RF output or other interface communication. Inthis example a slave assembly may include an interface component such asan IR/RF output device and/or an IR/RF remote control (and/or a wiredcontroller), that is operative to output appropriate signals to controlthe slave device responsive to wireless signals from the mastercontroller 1020. In these examples, slave assemblies that are adapted tocontrol external and/or remote devices via an interface included in orin operative connection with a slave assembly, are referred to herein asslave interface assemblies 1460.

In example implementations, a typical liquid management system mayinclude at least one liquid conditioner such as a water softener and/ora water filter. FIG. 14 illustrates a functional block diagram of aliquid management system having a slave assembly 1100 that is configuredas a slave valve assembly 240. In this example, the slave valve assemblyis operative to control a liquid conditioner 210 such as a watersoftener 220 or a water filter 222. Liquid conditioners may bealternatively referred to herein as liquid treatment devices.

As discussed previously, the slave assembly includes a slave controller202 having at least one processor 204, at least one data store 206, andat least one slave wireless communication device 208 that enables theslave controller to wirelessly communicate messages with the mastercontroller. In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 14, the exemplary slavevalve assembly 240 further includes at least one motor 212 in operativeconnection with the slave controller. Also, the slave valve assembly 240includes a valve 214 in operative connection with the motor 212 (e.g.,via one or more gears). In this example, the master controller isoperative to individually control one or more of the slave valveassemblies 240 to cause the respective slave controller 202 to cause therespective motor 212 to operate the respective valve element of valve214 of each respective slave valve assembly via communication ofwireless messages with each of the slave valve assemblies. In someexemplary embodiments, the exemplary valve may include a multi-portvalve associated with a liquid treatment tank of a water conditionerlike that described previously and in the incorporated disclosures. Thetank may include filter media, ion exchange media, oxidation media orother types of materials or components as appropriate for the particulartype of water conditioner. In the exemplary arrangement, the slavecontroller is operative to cause one or more valve elements such as apiston to be selectively positioned responsive to the slave controller.In exemplary embodiments, selectively positioning the piston or othervalve element is operative to cause liquid to flow through selectedpassages or passageways associated with the valve. The selected flowthrough the valve is operative to place the valve and the liquidtreatment tank in various operational conditions. For example, inexemplary embodiments, valves may be placed in a service condition inwhich liquid to be treated enters the valve and passes through the tankso as to be treated. The liquid that has been conditioned or otherwisetreated by passing through the tank then passes back through the valveand is delivered to a liquid network connection which causes theconditioned liquid to be delivered to a liquid network for use by liquidconsuming devices, that use or deliver treated liquid such as water.

In some exemplary embodiments, the slave controller can cause the one ormore valve elements to be positioned so as to cause the valve to placethe valve and liquid treatment tank in one or more regenerationconditions. A regeneration condition corresponds to a condition in whichthe liquid treatment function performed by the liquid conditioner isimproved. This may include, for example, in the case of a watersoftener, regenerating the ion exchange media so as to more effectivelycarry out ion exchange. In some exemplary arrangements a regenerationmay include a backflush condition wherein water is passed through filtermedia in a direction opposed from the normal filtering direction so asto remove contaminants from the filter media. In other exemplaryarrangements, the regeneration condition may correspond to disinfectingmedia or components of the system. In still other exemplaryarrangements, a regeneration condition may correspond to replenishingoxidizing material in the tank or otherwise positioning the valve in oneor more conditions which may be operative to cause the liquid treatmenttank and treatment materials therein to undergo regeneration asappropriate for the particular liquid conditioning device. In someexemplary arrangements, the valve may be sequentially placed in aplurality of different regeneration conditions so as to enableregeneration of the water conditioner, for example.

In some exemplary arrangements, the one or more valve elements of thevalve may be positioned so as to be placed in a shutoff condition. Sucha shutoff condition may correspond to the valve passageways beingconfigured so that liquid is not passed through the valve to the tankand/or liquid from the tank is not delivered from the valve. Such ashutoff condition may enable turning off the liquid conditioning deviceand/or separating the liquid conditioning device from other componentsof the system.

In still other exemplary arrangements, the valve element may bepositioned responsive to the slave controller so as to place the valvein a bypass condition. In such a bypass condition, untreated liquid ispassed into and out of the valve without passing through the tank so asto condition the liquid. Such a bypass condition may be appropriate insituations for example, where the current water use activity does notrequire conditioning or in other appropriate circumstances.

Of course it should be understood that these conditions of the valvewhich are described in detail previously and in the incorporateddisclosures are exemplary of operative conditions which liquidconditioning devices may have in responsive to operation of a slavecontroller. It should be understood that these operative conditions areexemplary and in other arrangements, other arrangements andconfigurations may be used.

An example embodiment of the slave assembly associated with a liquidconditioner may include at least one liquid flow meter 216 in operativeconnection with the slave controller 202. The meter 216 may be operativeto take flow measurements based at least in part on liquid flowingthrough the at least one liquid treatment device 210, which is alsoreferred to as a liquid conditioner herein. Alternatively in somearrangements the meter may be associated with a separate slavecontroller. The at least one master controller 1020 is operative towirelessly receive messages including data based on the flowmeasurements from the slave controller 202. In addition, the mastercontroller may be configured to wirelessly communicate at least somewireless messages to the slave controller associated with the valveassembly 240 of the at least one liquid treatment device 210 responsiveto the data based on the received liquid flow measurements.

For example, with respect to a liquid treatment device such as a watersoftener, the master controller may operate in accordance with itsprogrammed instructions, data from the meter and stored data todetermine that the liquid conditioner should be placed in a regenerationcondition. Responsive to the determination, the master controllerwirelessly communicates messages that cause the valve assembly of thewater softener to change operational conditions to carry out aregeneration process based on flow measurements from the water meter. Inthis example, the master controller may cause the valve to change theoperational condition to initiate a regeneration process when the numberof gallons of water that have been softened (as measured by the flowmeter operating in conjunction with a clock function in the mastercontroller) since the last regeneration process has exceeded apredetermined threshold. In other exemplary embodiments, the mastercontroller may operate responsive to data received from sensors or otherdevices that communicate via slave controllers and/or transceivers todetermine a need for a water conditioner to undergo a regenerationprocess.

For example in some arrangements, measurements of contaminants in liquidsuch as water may be detected through operation of sensors and the datacommunicated via wireless messages to the master controller. The mastercontroller may operate in accordance with its programming to analyze thedata and compare current data to program or stored data which isindicative of a need for the liquid conditioner to undergo regenerationsteps. Responsive to making the determination, the master controller maythen cause the operational condition of one or more valves to be changedto accomplish such regeneration. Further, it should be understood thatin exemplary arrangements, the master controller may cause the slavecontroller and associated valves or other devices to undergo a series ofoperations in order to accomplish regeneration of the liquidconditioning device. This may include, for example, the liquidconditioning device being subject to operational conditions such asbackflow, purge, rinse, disinfect, introduce sterilization materials,delay, purge or other operational conditions associated with theparticular regeneration process.

FIGS. 30 and 31 represent a logic flow carried out in connection with anexemplary liquid conditioner which in this case is a water softener. Asrepresented in this exemplary logic flow, liquid flow is measuredthrough operation of the meter and messages including data regarding theflow of liquid is communicated by the slave controller associated withthe water softener to the master controller. The master controlleroperates in accordance with its programming to determine if the volumeof liquid that has been conditioned through operation of the watersoftener has reached a level where regeneration of resin exchange mediaused in connection with the water softener is required. This is done inaccordance with the programming of the master controller oralternatively may be carried out in connection with programmingassociated with the slave controller or both.

Responsive to determining that the flow conditions and other conditionshave been met to cause the water softener to undergo a regenerationcycle, the master controller is operative to send messages to the slavecontroller which operate to change the operational condition of thevalve. The slave controller operates responsive to the wireless messagesfrom the master controller to operate the motor and cause the valve tobe changed by moving the one or more valve elements to a positioncorresponding to a regeneration condition. In the exemplary embodiment,the valve associated with the water softener includes an optical encoderor other suitable sensor for determining the position of the valveelement. The slave controller is in operative connection with thepositioning sensor and determines based on signals from the sensor, theposition of the particular valve element. In the exemplary embodimentthe slave controller is operative to send messages to the mastercontroller indicating that the valve element has been moved to aparticular position corresponding to an operational condition of thevalve.

In the exemplary embodiment the messages indicating that the valve haschanged to the desired regeneration condition, causes the mastercontroller to begin operating a timing function. The timing function isselected based on the particular regeneration cycle associated with theparticular regeneration step which the liquid conditioner is to undergo.At the completion of the time associated with the timing function, theprogramming associated with the master controller makes a determinationthat the valve is to be moved to cause the liquid conditioner to be in adifferent regeneration operational condition. In response to making thisdetermination, the master controller sends wireless messages to theslave controller which causes the valve element to change the conditionof the valve and the associated liquid treatment tank. Again a sensorassociated with the valve is operative to sense the position of thevalve element and to cause the slave controller to send messages to themaster controller to indicate that the valve has now changed to thesecond operational condition associated with regeneration of the liquidconditioner.

In the exemplary embodiment three different operational conditions areassociated with the regeneration of the ion exchange media associatedwith the liquid conditioner comprising a water softener. The mastercontroller operates in accordance with its programming to cause theliquid conditioner to be in these regeneration conditions for timedperiods appropriate for each of these three steps. At the completion ofthe regeneration steps, the master controller then operates inaccordance with its programming to send wireless messages which causethe slave controller to change the conditions of the valve and liquidtreatment tank to be in the service condition in which liquid is againconditioned by being passed through the associated liquid treatmenttank. The sensor associated with the valve element also verifies thatthe valve has been returned to the position associated with the servicecondition and the liquid conditioner is properly returned to thetreatment condition. Of course it should be understood that theseparticular steps represented in FIGS. 30 and 31 are exemplary and forother types of liquid conditioners or other devices, other or differentsteps may be used.

Also, as discussed previously, depending on the type of liquid treatmentdevice, the data store 206 of the slave controller may be configured(when manufactured) to include function data 224 representative of thefunctions that the liquid treatment device is intended to carry out.Thus, a liquid treatment device in the form of a water softener may havefunction data stored in the data store 206 that indicates that the slavevalve assembly controls a water softener type control valve. Also, aliquid treatment device in the form of a water filter may have functiondata 224 stored in the data store 206 that indicates that the slavevalve assembly controls water filter type control valves. Such functiondata enables the master controller to use the appropriate programmingneeded to operate the corresponding type of liquid treatment device. Thefunction data is also usable in exemplary embodiments to determine thatupdated processor executable instructions that may be received by theslave controller are appropriate for the particular slave controller andshould be applied thereto. In addition, as previously discussed, slavecontrollers may also include data that is usable to identify theparticular slave controller as one that is authorized to communicatewith the master controller and operate as part of the system. Suchidentification data may include digital certificate data or other datathat helps to assure that only appropriate devices are authorized tocommunicate in the system. Further, such slave controllers may beconfigured to use encryption or other methodologies to help assure thatthe system is secure. For example, public key encryption methodologiesincluding the loading and use of digital certificates in the data storesof the controllers or other techniques may help secure the messagesbetween the master controller and the slave controllers in someexemplary embodiments to help provide enhanced security. Of course itshould be understood that these approaches are exemplary and in otherarrangements, other approaches may be used.

In an example embodiment, the valve 214 of the slave valve assembly ofthe at least one liquid treatment device includes or corresponds to amulti-port valve such as valve 10 and valve 110 previously discussed.Such a multi-port valve may be placed in a plurality of differentconfigurations or states via operation of the motor 212. Some exemplaryvalves in such different states may cause the liquid water treatmentdevice with which the valve is operatively connected to carry outdifferent functions depending on the type of the liquid treatmentdevice. For example, a water softener type of valve in differentconfigurations/states may place the water softener in differentoperational conditions such as a service condition to soften water froma supply and deliver the treated water to a connection to a waternetwork; a shut off condition to prevent water to flow from either asupply of untreated water or softened water; one or more regenerationconditions to regenerate the water softener, a bypass condition and/orcarry out other actions. In exemplary arrangements, regeneration of thewater softener may be in several different positions/states of the valvein order to carry out the different operations included in aregeneration process (e.g., flushing resin beads in a resin tank with abrine solution, backflushing the resin tank, and/or other actions thatenable the softener to improve its operation softening water). It shouldalso be noted that the master controller may be configured to sendwireless communications to the slave controller which cause the valve tochange the water softener between these different operationalconditions.

Examples of liquid conditioner multi-port control valves that may beadapted for use in exemplary slave valve assemblies are shown in U.S.Application Nos. 61/986,423 and/or 62/119,507 the disclosures of whichare incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Such amulti-port valve has a housing that includes an axially movable pistonand several ports (e.g., an untreated liquid inlet port, a treatedliquid outlet port, a drain port, a port to a resin tank, and ports toand from a brine tank). The motor associated with valve assembly isoperative to move the piston between a plurality of different positionsin the housing; different positions form different liquid pathwaysbetween the ports in the housing. Further, exemplary embodiments includesensors such as optical encoders or other sensors that are operative tosense the position of valve elements or otherwise indicate a currentconfiguration of the valve.

Also, it should be appreciated that other types and configurations ofliquid conditioner valve mechanisms may be adapted to include thefeatures described herein of a slave valve assembly. It should also benoted that an example method may include modifying an existing watersoftener by: removing an existing control valve mechanism (which doesnot interface with the described master controller) from an existingresin tank; and installing one of the described slave valve assemblies(which does interface with the described master controller) to theexisting resin tank. The method may also include installing thedescribed master controller within wireless range of the slave valvecontroller in order to enable the master controller to cause the watersoftener to operate to soften water. The new slave controller and valvepositioning assembly may then be connected with and operate incoordinated relation with the master controller in a manner like thatpreviously described.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example embodiment of the described liquidmanagement system 300, which includes the previously described mastercontroller 1020 and one or more slave assemblies 1100. This exampleembodiment includes a user interface device 302 that is operative towirelessly communicate with the master controller. Here the userinterface device may include at least one processor 304. Processorexecutable instructions 314 may execute in the at least one processor tocause the process or to process data and carry out other actions. Theuser interface device may also include at least one data store 306 (RAM,flash memory, SSD), and at least one wireless communication portal 308(e.g., a Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth radio). The user interface device mayalso include at least one display 310 (e.g., LCD, AMOLED displays) andat least one input device 312 (touch screen, physical keys, track pad,mouse). In an example embodiment, such a user interface device maycorrespond to a tablet type device (e.g., an Apple iPad, Samsung GalaxyTAB, Amazon Fire), a mobile phone, (e.g., an Apple iPhone, Google Pixel,Samsung Galaxy), a notebook computer, a desktop computer, or any otherdevice that may be operative to wirelessly communicate with the mastercontroller. In these examples, the master wireless communication deviceof the master controller may include a module capable of sending andreceiving Near Field Communication (NFC), Wi-Fi and/or Bluetoothcommunications (or multiple communication types) with one or more userinterface devices.

In an example embodiment, the user interface device may include computerexecutable instructions in at least one data store comprising anapplication (such as a water management application) that isspecifically programmed to cause the processor in the user interfacedevice to display information from the master controller and to sendcommands to the master controller. For example, such an application maydisplay status information associated with the water softener (e.g.,number of gallons used per day), any warnings associated with devices(e.g., low salt in a brine tank), and/or any other information that isavailable from the master controller responsive to wireless messagesfrom the master controller.

Also, for example, the described liquid management application may causeoutputs on the display device of one or more selectable options that canbe selected through use of an input device of the user interface inorder to send a wireless command to the master controller to take someaction. Such an action may involve the master controller sending afurther wireless message to a slave assembly, which in turn causes anassociated slave device to carry out a function.

For example, a water softener may be adapted to change from a currentservice mode of operation to another mode of operation (via operation ofthe valve) in which all liquid output from the water softener is eithershut off (prevented) or turned back on (permitted). The slave valveassembly of the water softener may be configured to operate the valve ofthe slave valve assembly to selectively permit and prevent liquid toflow to the water network, responsive to wireless messages received fromthe master controller. The application on the user interface device mayinclude a selectable option to shut off water to a user's house. Whenthis option is selected, the user interface device causes at least onewireless message to be sent to the master controller. The mastercontroller responsive to the at least one message from the userinterface may cause at least one further wireless message to becommunicated from the master controller to the slave valve assembly ofthe water softener, which causes the water softener to change betweenthe modes which permit or prevent water from the water softener to flowto the water network of the house.

FIGS. 32 and 33 show an exemplary interface device 302 which in thisexemplary embodiment comprises a tablet computing device. The exemplaryinterface device is removably positioned in a pocket within the top areaof a cabinet 428. The exemplary cabinet 428 is configured to houseliquid conditioning equipment such as a water softener, a filter, abrine tank or other water conditioning apparatus. The exemplary cabinet428 includes a pocket 432 shown without the user interface device inFIG. 34 which is sized to releasably accept the user interface devicetherein. Further, the exemplary cabinet further includes a pocket 430shown in FIG. 35 that is sized to accept a master controller 1020therein which is represented in FIG. 32. In exemplary arrangements, thecabinet includes electrical connectors or contacts in the respectivepockets that enable charging the batteries in the master controller andthe user interface. In alternative exemplary arrangements, the pocketsmay include inductive coils adjacent thereto or other suitable deviceswhich can be used to contactlessly provide electrical power to the userinterface device and/or the master controller. Of course it should beunderstood that these Figures are exemplary and in other arrangements,other approaches may be used.

Exemplary cabinet 428 further includes a door 434 which is shown in anopen condition in FIG. 35. The door 434 may be used to access theinterior of the cabinet and the liquid conditioning equipment therein.For example, the door may be opened to enable a user to add salt to abrine tank. In other embodiments the door may be used for purposes ofchanging filter media or for other purposes. The exemplary cabinet 428further includes a translucent window 436. In exemplary embodiments, thetranslucent window may be utilized for purposes of allowing a user toview externally illumination type indicators associated with equipmentlocated inside the cabinet. For example in some exemplary arrangements,light emitting diodes (LEDs) may be associated with a circuit boardassociated with valves or other components. The LEDs may providedifferent color or other indications which indicate the particularcondition of the device. For example, in some arrangements, the LEDs mayflash certain colors or in certain patterns to indicate that the valveof the liquid conditioner is in particular conditions. In exemplaryarrangements a user may be able to tell the current condition of theequipment within the cabinet by viewing the appearance of the window436. Further in exemplary arrangements, outputs from the interfacedevice 302 may also correspond to the indications given by the device.Thus a user viewing the interface device may through appropriate inputs,view the particular outputs that correspond to those outputs that arevisible through the window to understand that the equipment within thecabinet is in the condition indicated on the screen of the interfacedevice. Alternatively or in addition, such visible outputs may be usedto indicate malfunctions or needs for remedial actions. Of course theseapproaches are exemplary and in other arrangements, other approaches maybe used.

In the exemplary arrangement, the master controller and the interfacedevice may be placed in operative communication by a user of the liquidconditioner system. This may be done for example when a user decides toupgrade a water conditioner system to incorporate a user interfacedevice. Alternatively such a procedure may be done when a user hasdecided to incorporate an additional interface device into their system.FIG. 29 schematically represents the logic flow associated with anexemplary arrangement where the master controller commences operation inconnection with the user interface device. In this exemplaryarrangement, a user presses a button or other manual input device on themaster controller 1020. In response to this action, the mastercontroller operates in accordance with its programming to store itscurrent settings. The master controller then operates to set up a softaccess point on a predetermined port. The user then operatively connectsthe user interface device which in this case is a tablet, to the WiFiaccess port. This is done through operation of the user interface deviceoperating an application that is configured with the soft access pointutilized by the master controller. The application also includes or isable to resolve the connection settings which enable the user interfacedevice to communicate with the master controller.

Once the user interface device has operatively connected with the mastercontroller, the user is enabled to use the interface device to interactwith the master controller. Through inputs through the touch screen orother user interface on the tablet, the user can change settings, viewdata and send commands to the master controller. Such commands mayinclude shutting off certain devices, placing devices in a bypasscondition or otherwise controlling slave assemblies and the associateddevices that are connected in the wireless system with the mastercontroller. In response to inputs made by a user through the userinterface device, the master controller is operative to receive themessages and then cause wireless command messages to be sent to therespective slave controllers to carry out the commands or otherwisechange the operational conditions thereof.

In the exemplary embodiment once the user has completed the changes tothe devices of the system through inputs of the user interface device,the user is enabled to sign off the user interface application.Responsive to the user indicating that it has ceased making changes tothe system, the messages from the user interface device are operative tocause the master controller to revert to its original WiFi settings.This enables the master controller to be communicated with in itsoriginal WiFi configuration. Alternatively or in addition, exemplaryarrangements may enable the application that operates on the userinterface device and/or the master controller to maintain the operativeconnection with the user interface device as part of the configurationsettings for the master controller. This enables the user interfacedevice to be utilized to control the system without the need to furtherinitialize communications between such devices.

Further in other exemplary arrangements, the master controller may beoperative to communicate with devices other than a dedicated tabletcomputer associated with the water management system. For example insome exemplary arrangements, the user interface device may include aportable user device that operates either in the local area network orconnected networks that can be accessed by the master controller, oralternatively devices that may be connected through the mastercontroller through a wide area network.

In the example described above, such a selectable option to turn offwater to a household network is something that may optimally be donewhen the user is traveling on a vacation or business trip via using auser interface device in the form of a mobile phone (or other portableuser interface device). When the user returns, the user may use the userinterface device comprising the mobile phone, tablet (or other device)to select the selectable option that causes water to be turned back onin the household.

It should also be appreciated that in additional or alternativeembodiments, the master controller may be operative to communicate witha user interface that does not include a programmed applicationdedicated to interfacing with the master controller. Rather, the mastercontroller may include and/or be in operative connection with a webserver that is operative to output web pages that provide the statusinformation and the user selectable options such as those discussedpreviously through a web browser of the user interface device.

It should also be appreciated that regardless of whether a dedicatedapplication or a web services application is used to interface with themaster controller, each of these methods may require user authentication(via user ids, passwords, certificates) and may use encryptedcommunication protocols (e.g., HTTPs). In these examples, the mastercontroller may be operative to connect with (and/or pair) with a userinterface directly in a peer to peer Wi-Fi, NFC or Bluetooth mode.However, it should also be appreciated that the master controller mayalso be configurable to log into an existing Wi-Fi LAN in order toenable wired or wireless devices on the LAN to be operative tocommunicate with the master controller.

In addition, it should be appreciated that the master controller may beoperative to be controlled via user interfaces that are outside the LAN,such as a mobile phone connected to the Internet outside a home orfacility where the master controller is located. In order to provideaccess to the master controller from outside the LAN, a router-firewallassociated with the LAN could be configured to open one or more portsthat facilitate communication between the user interface device and themaster controller. However, in another embodiment, to avoid requiringfirewall ports to be opened on a LAN in this manner, the mastercontroller may be configured to continuously or periodically opencommunications with a remote server on the Internet. The remote servermay be accessible by user interface devices on the Internet and providea conduit to pass communications between the master controller and theuser interfaces. Of course these approaches are exemplary and in otherembodiments other approaches may be used.

This described exemplary remote server may provide communications formany master controllers in different homes or other buildings. Theremote server may include storage media including computer executableinstructions including a server management application that provides webaccessible user accounts associated with one or more master controllers.One or more master controllers may then be paired to a particular useraccount via the input of a pair code at the master controller and/or theserver management application. The previously described applicationexecuted on the user interface device may then log into the remoteserver with a user account user id and password or other authorizedcredentials in order to be able to access the status information andselectable options that are available with the paired master controllerassociated with the user account.

As discussed previously, example embodiments of the liquid managementsystem may include a liquid meter that is operative to measure an amountof a liquid flow. Such a meter may be integrated into one of the slaveassemblies. For example, a slave valve assembly for a water softener ora water filter may include a meter that is operative to generate flowmeasurements with respect to liquid flowing out of treated water portsof the valve mechanism of the slave valve assembly. In some embodimentsthe meter may measure water volume, current water flow rate or both.

In addition, the master controller may include a clock function or othertiming application that is operative to output clock data usable by themaster controller to determine the current time, date, and/or day of theweek as well as elapsed times. With such clock data, the mastercontroller may be configured to: calculate; store in the data store; andreport liquid volume usage for one or more different time periods to theuser interface device responsive to the data based on the liquid flowmeasurements. Also, with such clock data, the master controller may beconfigured to determine a liquid usage pattern with respect to timeresponsive to the data based on the liquid flow measurements. The mastercontroller may then take one or more actions responsive to adetermination by the master controller that current data based on theliquid flow measurements is higher than the determined liquid usagepattern. For example, the master controller may be operative to comparedata based on current water flow measurements to averages of data storedin the data store that are based on past water flow measurements inorder to determine that there is a deviation between current and pastwater usage that is indicative of a problem. In some arrangements themaster controller may compare current flow rates to pattern flow rate,volume usage over a period of time to volume usage over a similar timein the pattern, or other flow properties.

In some embodiments, the master controller may be configured toautomatically send at least one wireless message to the slave controllerof a water softener (or other slave valve assembly), to control the flowof water (e.g., to control the flow of water either to the at least onewater softener; from the at least one water softener; or a combinationthereof) responsive to a determination by the master controller thatcurrent data based on the water flow measurements is not consistent withthe determined water usage pattern. For example, the master controllermay cause the water valve to move to a shut off condition.

In addition or alternatively, the master controller may be operative tocause a warning message regarding the detected unusual liquid usagepattern, to the previously described user interface device and/or to aportable user device such as a smart phone or via other methods such asby sending an SMS message and/or an e-mail. In such embodiments, atelephone number or e-mail address to send the warning message to theportable user device may be stored in the data store of the mastercontroller.

For example, the master controller may be operative responsive to itsprogramming to determine that current liquid usage level from a liquidconditioner is more than a predetermined threshold percentage (e.g., 50%or other percentage threshold) compared to an average liquid usage overa period of the last month. When such a large rate of flow is detected,the master controller may be operative to wirelessly communicate awarning message to the user interface device and/or to send a message toa portable user device (or via an SMS message or e-mail) that warns theuser of the significant rate of liquid usage.

Such an increase in liquid usage may be normal (such as when a pool isbeing filled or a lawn is being watered, or siding is being washed) andthe user receiving the warning may choose to take no action. However, ifsoftened water is not necessary for the water use activity, such aswatering a lawn, then the user may choose to take some action with theliquid management system via the user interface device or using a user'sportable user device.

For example, a water softener may be adapted to change from a currentmode of operation to another mode of operation (via operation of thevalve mechanism) in which water output from the water softener ischanged between either softened water (e.g., water processed by watersoftener) or non-softened water (e.g., water from a well that has notbeen processed by the water softener). The slave controller of the watersoftener may be configured to cause the valve to selectively switch to abypass operational condition, in which the valve changes from deliveringsoftened water to non-softened water to the water network, responsive towireless messages received from the master controller.

The exemplary application on the user interface device may include aselectable option to switch from delivering softened water tonon-softened water and vice versa, to the water network of a user'shouse. When one or more inputs to the user interface device are providedselecting the option causes wireless messages to be sent to the mastercontroller, which causes a further wireless message to be communicatedfrom the master controller to the slave controller of the watersoftener, which causes the water softener to change between theconditions which provide either softened or non-softened water from thevalve to flow to the water network connection of the house.

In the case of watering a lawn, for example, the user may provide inputscorresponding to the user selectable option of a user interface deviceto cause the water softener to switch to outputting non-softened wellwater to the water network. When the user is done watering the lawn, theuser may provide inputs to the user interface device to select theselectable option that causes the water softener change its operationalcondition to deliver softened water again.

Also, it should be noted that if the user receives a warning via theuser interface device or to a portable user device (such as text messageor e-mail), regarding an unusual increase in water usage, the user maynot know a reason for this increase. In such cases, there may be abroken pipe or a hose may have been left on inadvertently. In suchcircumstances, the user may operate the user interface device of theportable user device as described previously to cause the water to beturned off in the house (via the valve in the water softener) in orderto minimize damage to the house and/or the loss of excessive amounts ofwater.

An example embodiment of the master controller may be operative inaccordance with its programming to compare data based on current liquidflow measurements to data stored in the data store based on past liquidflow measurements in order to make determinations as to appropriatethresholds for liquid usage conditions that may correspond to problemsthat should be reported to a user. For example, large fluctuations ofliquid usage on a weekly or monthly basis may be normal for a householdin which individuals are traveling frequently. In such cases the mastercontroller may analyze such data and may calculate when to trigger awarning regarding excessive liquid usage based on historical peak liquidusage instead of historical average liquid usage.

In addition, an example embodiment of the master controller may beoperative to evaluate water flow data in order to determine the presenceof periodic changes in flow that may be indicative of a toilet with aleaking flap valve. For example, a toilet with a leaky flap valve maycontinually leak water which causes the toilet to refill its tank withwater every couple of hours, day and night of every day. Thus, every fewhours the flow meter of a slave valve assembly may measure the usage of1-3 gallons of water on a consistent periodic basis. The mastercontroller may be operative to detect such periodic water flow usage andcause a wireless message to be sent to the user interface device or aportable user device (such as an SMS or e-mail message) which warns auser of a possible leaky toilet. Data corresponding to other types ofanomalies may be stored in connection with the master controller so thatwhen such conditions occur the probable cause can be identified andreported through a user interface device.

In addition, an example embodiment of the master controller may beconfigurable by a user to select between different methods and/orthreshold percentages for when the master controller makes adetermination to send a warning regarding excessive or undesirable waterusage. The previously described application for the user interfacedevice (or the master controller provided web interface pages) mayinclude a settings screen in which settings regarding alarms, warnings,thresholds and other configuration parameters for the master controllercan be changed via user inputs to the user interface device and/or aportable user device.

In addition, the master controller may be operative to store data in thedata store representative calendar data, such as the dates and times(which may include certain days of the week, months of the year orparticular years) at which certain actions should be taken (such asmodifying a water flow). The master controller may be configured to sendat least one wireless message to the slave controller of a watersoftener (or other slave assembly), to control the flow of water to theat least one water softener from the at least one water softener or acombination thereof, responsive to a current time and the calendar data.For example, the master controller may be operative to store datarepresentative of a date and time in the data store regarding times whenthe master controller is to cause water to be shut off or turned backon. This may be for example programmed time periods when the house orother facility is scheduled to be unoccupied. Further, such date andtimes may specify when the master controller is to cause a switchbetween the output of softened water and non-softened water.

It should also be appreciated that example embodiments of the describedwater management system may include further slave valve assemblies inaddition to the slave valve assemblies associated with a water softeneror a water filter. Such further slave valve assemblies may be operableto control the flow of water for at least one of: to or from, the atleast one water softener device responsive to wireless messages receivedfrom the master controller. In addition, the master controller may beconfigured to wirelessly communicate at least some wireless messages tothe further slave valve assemblies responsive to the data based on thewater flow measurements received from the water softener or other slaveassembly.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 16, a liquid management system 400may include two liquid treatment devices 402, 404 (such as two watersofteners or two water filters or other types of liquid conditioners) inorder to increase the amount of liquid that may be treated in a givenamount of time. Alternatively, such liquid conditioners may be used sothat water can be conditioned by one water conditioner while the otherwater conditioner undergoes regeneration. Each of these liquid treatmentdevices may include respective slave valve assemblies 406, 408, whicheach include slave controllers, motors, valves and other components aspreviously discussed.

In order to manage the operation of the two liquid treatment devices(such as with respect to timing and water routing), this exemplarysystem may include at least one further valve (such as a shuttle valve)that is operative to selectively provide untreated water to therespective valve mechanism of the two liquid treatment devices. Examplesof arrangements of liquid treatment devices and a further valve havingone or more of the features described herein include the manifold andbypass valve assemblies shown in U.S. Application No. 61/986,423 filedApr. 30, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

In this example, the described further valve may be packaged as part ofa further slave assembly 410.

Although the valve type of the further valve (e.g., a shuttle valve) maybe different than the valve types of the liquid treatment devices (e.g.multi-port control valves), each of these three slave valve assembliesmay be individually controlled by the master controller 1020 throughwireless communications. In particular, the further slave valve assembly410 may be configured to selectively direct untreated water from asource 412 to at least one of the first treatment device, the secondtreatment device, or a combination thereof responsive to wirelessmessages received from the master controller 1020.

For example, by controlling the flow of water via the further slavevalve assembly 410 to selectively each of two water softeners, themaster controller is operative to cause one softener to output softenedwater to the water network while the other carries out a regenerationprocess. Also, the master controller may determine when to operate thefurther slave valve assembly to change the flow to cause the othersoftener to operate based at least in part on the water flowmeasurements received from a meter associated with the currentlyoperating softener (or other water treatment devices).

Also, it should be appreciated that the further slave valve assembly 410may be integrated or connected with a manifold 414 that is operative toprovide input and output pipes for each of the liquid treatment devices,a common untreated water source connection 412 and a common output 416(connected to the water network of the building). In addition, with thearrangement shown in FIG. 16, it should be noted that the input andoutput ports 420, 422 on the second slave valve assembly 408 may be inreversed positions relative to the input and output 424, 426 ports onthe first slave valve assembly 406. Thus, the master controller may beoperative to operate each respective liquid treatment device differentlybased on the manner in which the input and output pipes are configured.

In this regard, each of the exemplary three slave valve assemblies 406,408, and 410 may be programmed with function data in order to enable themaster controller to determine how to control the respective valvesproperly. For example, with respect to dual liquid treatment devices inthe form of water softeners, the slave valve assembly 406 of the firstwater softener 402 may include function data representative of a forwardflow softener. Also, the slave valve assembly 408 of the second softener404 may include function data representative of a reverse flow softenervalve. Further, the further slave valve assembly 410 may includefunction data representative of a shuttle type valve.

In exemplary arrangements different types of liquid flow meters may beutilized to determine liquid flow for purposes of calculating liquidflow measurements. Such flow meters may be used in connection withliquid conditioners, manifolds, pump outlets or other piping forpurposes of determining the rate and/or amount of liquid flow that ispassing through the flow meter. In some exemplary arrangements, aturbine type flow meter may be used for purposes of determining liquidflow measurement. FIG. 61 shows schematically an exemplary turbine flowmeter 920. The exemplary flow meter includes a conduit 922 through whichthe liquid to be measured flows. In the exemplary arrangement the liquidflows through the interior of the conduit 922 in the direction of ArrowsF.

The exemplary flow meter further includes a rotatable body 924. Body 924is rotatable about an axis 926. The body 924 is supported on a radiallyextending strut or other similar support that extends within theinterior area of the conduit (not separately shown). The strut enablesthe body 924 to rotate about the axis 926 in supported connectiontherewith. A plurality of blades 928, 930, 932 and 934 extend generallyradially outwardly from the body 924. The blades are contoured such thatthe flow of liquid through the conduit 922 causes each of the blades torotate about a circular path generally indicated by arrows R. It shouldbe understood that while in the exemplary embodiment a plurality ofblades are used, in other embodiments a single helical blade or otherblade type may be used.

In exemplary arrangements at least one of the blades includes adetectable element. In the exemplary arrangement shown two of the blades928 and 932 each include a respective detectable element 936, 938. Inthe exemplary arrangement each of the detectable elements are movable inthe conduit and rotate along the circular path R in coordinated relationwith the moving blades. In the exemplary arrangement, the detectableelements are comprised of magnetic material that is detectable through aHall Effect sensor. However, in other exemplary embodiments other typesof sensing elements and arrangements may be used.

The exemplary flow meter arrangement further includes at least onedetector 940. Detector 940 is positioned in a fixed rotational positionadjacent to the circular path along which the blades and the detectableelements travel. In the exemplary arrangement the detector extendsadjacent to the wall which bounds the conduit 922 and is enabled todetect when a detectable element passes adjacent thereto. In theexemplary arrangement the conduit may be comprised of a suitable plasticor other material which enables the detection of the element by thedetector through the wall of the conduit. In other arrangements wherethe conduit material may interfere with the detection of a magneticelement or other detectable element, the detector may be positioned soas to extend through the conduit wall so that no portion of the conduitmaterial is intermediate of the detectable elements and the detector.

In exemplary arrangements the detector may comprise a Hall Effect sensorthat is operative to produce a signal responsive to the detectableelement being in the rotational position along the path where thedetector is located. In the exemplary arrangement the detector isoperative to produce a signal which is indicative of an element passingadjacent thereto. Such a signal may be conditioned through suitableinterface circuitry associated with the detector to correspond to adiscrete pulse signal such as a square wave signal that is produced eachtime the detectable element passes adjacent to the detector. Of courseit should be understood that although a single detector at a singlefixed rotational position relative to the circular path of thedetectable elements is shown, in other embodiments other numbers andtypes of detectors, and other numbers and types of detectable elementsmay be utilized.

In exemplary arrangements the signals or pulses (the terms being usedinterchangeably with respect to the flow meter herein) may be correlatedwith the quantity of liquid flow through the flow meter. This is donethrough the operation of flow rate circuitry 941. In some exemplaryarrangements, the number of pulses that are detected by the flow ratecircuitry or other circuitry with which the flow meter is connected, maybe correlated with the volume of liquid that passes through the flowmeter. FIG. 62 shows graphical data associated with an exemplary flowmeter which indicates the number of pulses per gallon that are producedby an exemplary turbine flow meter in a flow range between 1 and 25gallons per minute (GPM). As indicated in FIG. 62 the data points forthe number of pulses per gallon through the flow meter are spread fairlywidely at each flow rate throughout this range. In the exemplaryarrangement the average of the data points at a given flow rate can beused to produce a line 942 on the graph. An equation for this line inthis exemplary embodiment is as follows:y=467.13x ^(0.0433)

As can be appreciated, this equation can be utilized by the flow ratecircuitry or other circuitry utilized in connection with exemplaryembodiments, to determine the volume of water in gallons per minutecurrently passing through the exemplary flow meter. However, as can beappreciated from the graph in FIG. 62, the actual volume of flow maydiffer from the calculated value represented by line 962 byapproximately plus or minus 10%.

An alternative approach to determining the flow rate through a turbineflow meter is represented by the graph shown in FIG. 63. FIG. 63includes the same data points as FIG. 62. However in FIG. 63 datacorresponding to a time between successive pulses detected by thedetector are plotted against the water flow rate in GPM. In FIG. 63 thedetermined time between successive pulses (signals) from the detector isthe data represented on the X axis and the flow rate in GPM is the datarepresented on the Y axis. As shown in FIG. 63 the time betweensuccessive pulses correlates more accurately and repeatably with theflow rate at all flow rates across the test range, compared todetermining flow on a pulses per gallon basis. In the exemplaryarrangement the plotted relationship in FIG. 63 corresponds to a line944 that corresponds to the following equation:y=77630x ^(−0.957)

In exemplary arrangements in order to take advantage of the accuracy andrepeatability provided by the approach represented in FIG. 63, the atleast one detector 940 that is associated with the flow meter is inoperative connection with the flow rate circuitry 941 which is part ofthe slave controller circuitry, such as the slave controller circuitryassociated with a water conditioner like those discussed herein. Ofcourse it should be understood that the at least one detector mayoperate in connection with other circuitry for purposes of determiningthe current flow rate of the liquid through the flow meter. For examplein other exemplary arrangements the flow rate circuitry may be includedin a further slave controller that does not control the waterconditioner. Such a further slave controller may wirelessly communicatethe data based on the water flow measurement sensed by the water meterto the master controller.

In the exemplary arrangement the flow rate circuitry included in theslave controller circuitry is operative to determine time betweensuccessive signals (pulses) from the at least one detector. In someexemplary arrangements the analog signals produced by the sensor may besubject to signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion bysuitable circuitry such that the signal produced responsive to thedetectable element passing the detector is a discrete square wavesignal. Of course this approach is exemplary and in other embodimentsother approaches may be used.

The exemplary flow rate circuitry is operative to determine the timebetween the successive signals and to carry out calculations which areoperative to produce a result that represents the current flow ratethrough the flow meter. In some exemplary arrangements the flow ratecircuitry which is integrated with the slave controller circuitry orother circuitry may include processor executable instructions and datathat calculate the current water flow rate from the time between pulses(in milliseconds) from the equation set forth above. In some exemplaryarrangements the circuitry may be operative to use a value for the timebetween pulses which corresponds to an average time between successivepulses included in a set of pulses. This may be done for example toavoid fluctuations that could otherwise result from individual signalvariations. In each case for purposes hereof, a time between successivepulses (or signals) value shall be considered the time between a pair ofdiscrete successive pulses as well as an average time between successivepulses in a set comprised of a plurality of successive pulses.

In still other exemplary embodiments the flow rate circuitry included aspart of the water conditioner slave controller or other slave controllerthat operates to calculate the water flow rate, includes a data store.The exemplary data store includes a plurality of stored data points. Theplurality of stored data points each correspond to a single point alongline 944 shown in FIG. 63. In the exemplary arrangement each data pointhas a corresponding time between successive signals (pulses) and acorresponding associated flow rate. Examples of such data points arerepresented by the circled data points 946 in FIG. 63. In exemplaryarrangements the slave controller circuitry may be operative todetermine the current flow rate from the discrete data points stored inmemory by calculating the current flow value through interpolation ofthe values associated with the stored data points 946. In some exemplaryarrangements the circuitry may be operative to carry out a linearinterpolation between immediately adjacent data points to determine acurrent liquid flow rate that falls between the stored data points. Asrepresented graphically in FIG. 63, in some exemplary embodiments alinear interpretation between immediately adjacent data points 946 canbe quickly calculated and provides an accurate approximation of thecurrent flow rate. However it should be understood that in otherembodiments other interpolation approaches may be used.

As can be appreciated, the exemplary approach provides a methodology foraccurately determining the liquid flow rate through the flow meter basedon the time between successive pulses. Further exemplary flow ratecircuitry used for flow measurement may include circuitry includingprocessors that include a clock function. The clock function may beutilized to determine a volume of liquid that has passed through theflow meter in a given elapsed time. Thus for example, if the flow meteris associated with flow rate circuitry that is integrated with waterconditioner slave controller circuitry, the slave controller circuitrymay calculate from the flow rate and the elapsed time during which theflow rate was applicable, the total volume of water that has passedthrough water conditioner within a set period of time. Such calculationsmay be conducted over a period of elapsed time to determine the volumeof water that has been treated by the water conditioner since the lastregeneration cycle, for example. Such data may be included in wirelessmessages sent to the master controller, which then operates to determinewhen regeneration of the water conditioner is needed.

Likewise in other arrangements the flow rate detected by the flow meterand the flow rate circuitry can be included in wireless messages sent bythe water conditioner slave controller or other slave controller withwhich the flow meter is associated, to the master controller. The mastercontroller then may utilize this data for purposes of comparing thecurrent flow rate to one or more thresholds to identify a condition thatis inconsistent with stored values and/or a calculated water use patternthat has been developed based on water usage. The master controller mayoperate as previously discussed, to make a determination that thecurrent water flow rate is not consistent with the determined waterusage pattern and take appropriate steps such as sending messages touser's mobile wireless device and/or changing the condition of the valveassociated with the water conditioner to a shutoff or bypass condition.Also in exemplary arrangements flow rate data and elapsed time data maybe usable by the slave controller and/or the master controller todevelop a water usage pattern indicative of an amount of water used in afacility during certain time periods as well as over an elapsed timewindow. Such data may be usable to develop a determined water usagepattern, which can be compared to current measured data to determinecircumstances that represent a deviation therefrom or possibleproblematic condition. Of course these approaches are exemplary, and inother embodiments other approaches may be used.

Exemplary embodiments may be used in conjunction with liquid treatmentvalves which include shut off and bypass capabilities such as is shownin U.S. Pat. No. 10,012,319, the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety. The electrically controlledcomponents of the exemplary valves shown therein may be operated withsuitable circuitry so as to be controlled as a slave valve assembly insome exemplary embodiments. The exemplary valves of the incorporateddisclosure may avoid the need for separate shut off and bypass valvesthat work in conjunction with softener, filtration, sterilization orother types of water treatment systems. Such exemplary valves mayprovide the capabilities for connection to manifolds that connect aplurality of water treatment devices, and which enable such devices tobe used to deliver treated water at different times or kind concurrentlybased on system demand.

For control valves that do not include bypass and/or shut offcapabilities like those of the exemplary embodiments described in theincorporated disclosures, a separate valve such as is described in FIGS.36-42 may be used. The exemplary valve 316 includes a valve body 318.The valve body 318 includes a first port 320 and a second port 322. Thevalve body 318 further includes a third port 324 and a fourth port 326.In an exemplary embodiment each of the fluid ports includes threadedconnectors suitable for fluidly connecting the ports of the valve toexternal fluid conduits.

The exemplary valve 316 includes a first rotatable valve stem 328. Valvestem 328 of the exemplary embodiment includes a splined and keyedannular outer surface. Valve 316 further includes a second rotatablevalve stem 330. Second valve stem 330 includes a splined and keyed outersurface like the first valve stem in the exemplary embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 36 and 37, valve stems 328 and 330 may be connectedwith manually engageable handles 332 and 334, respectively. The handlesare usable to rotate the valve stems and the corresponding valveelements that are attached thereto. In the exemplary arrangement handles332 and 334 are removable and may be disengaged from the valve stems andreplaced with an electrical actuator 336. Actuator 336 includes aunitary body

338. In the exemplary arrangement the actuator 336 includes features forengaging the valve stems 328 and 330 so as to enable the electricalcontrol of the rotational positions thereof. The exemplary actuatorhousing 338 may be engaged with each of the valve stems 328 and 330concurrently by moving the actuator housing 338 in the direction ofArrows I in FIG. 37 which is the axial direction of the valve stems. Ofcourse this approach is exemplary and in other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

As shown in FIGS. 39-41 the first valve stem 328 is in operativeconnection with a first rotatable valve element 340. The second valvestem 330 is in operative connection with a second rotatable valveelement 342. Each of the valve elements extend within the body 318 ofthe valve 360.

The exemplary first valve element 340 is positioned in fluid connectionwith a first passage 344 which fluidly extends between the first port320 and the second port 322 within the valve body. The exemplary secondvalve element 342 is positioned in fluid connection with a secondpassage 346 which fluidly extends between the third port 324 and thefourth port 326 within the valve body. A third passage 348 extends inthe valve body between the first passage 344 and the second passage 346.

In exemplary embodiments the valve 316 may be associated with a controlvalve 350. Control valve 350 may be a valve of the type previouslydiscussed that may be used in conjunction with a water softener system,filtration system, sterilization system or other liquid treatmentsystem. The exemplary embodiment herein will be discussed in connectionwith the control valve 350 being utilized in conjunction with a watersoftener arrangement.

As shown in FIG. 39 with the first valve element 340 shown in theposition indicated (referred to herein as position A), water from firstport 320 is enabled to pass through the first passage 344 and the valveelement to second port 322. In this position of valve 316 with thesecond valve element 342 in the position shown in FIG. 39 (referred toherein as position C), the fourth port 326 is fluidly connected throughthe second valve element 342 to the third port 324. With the first andsecond valve elements in positions A and C respectively as shown in FIG.39, while the first valve element 340 enables the first passage 344 tobe in fluid communication with the third passage 348, second valveelement 342 prevents the third passage from being in fluid connectionwith the second passage 346. As can be appreciated, with the valveelements of the valve 316 in the positions shown in FIG. 39, the controlvalve 350 may operate in a water softener service condition. In suchcondition untreated water from an inlet manifold 352 enters the firstport 320 and passes to the control valve 350 through the second port322. Water that has been treated by flowing through the water treatmentmedia passes out of the control valve 350 and into the fourth port 326of the valve 316. The treated water then passes out of the third port324 and into an outlet manifold 354. Of course it should be understoodthat this arrangement is exemplary.

As shown in FIG. 40 the exemplary valve 316 may have the positions ofthe valve elements therein changed to enable the control valve 350 inthe water softener system connected therewith to operate in aregeneration mode or to be in a standby condition. In this condition ofthe valve, the first valve element 340 is positioned as shown in FIG. 40(referred to herein as position B) in which the first valve elementprevents flow between the first port 320 and the second port 322. Thesecond valve element 342 is positioned as shown in FIG. 40 (referred toherein as position C) in which the third port 324 is fluidly connectedto the fourth port 326. In these positions of the first and second valveelements, flow through the third passage 348 is prevented by the secondvalve element 342.

In this exemplary configuration of the valve 316, untreated water fromthe inlet manifold 352 is prevented from passing through the controlvalve 350 and the softener tank. This means that the control valve 350does not operate to supply treated water to the outlet manifold 354. Inthis configuration of the valve 316, the softener tank in connectionwith control valve 350 may be in a standby mode. Alternatively thecontrol valve 350 may operate as a slave assembly or otherwise inaccordance with received or programmed instructions to regenerate thetreatment media in the tank associated with the control valve. Asrepresented in FIG. 40, the exemplary valve 316 enables the controlvalve 350 to utilize treated water available in the outlet manifold 354for purposes of regenerating the treatment media. This ability toutilize treated water for media regeneration may facilitate regenerationof the media and increase its ability to remove contaminants. Of coursethis approach is exemplary and in other embodiments other approaches maybe used.

FIG. 41 shows valve 316 in yet another alternative configuration inwhich the control valve 350 and the liquid treatment tank operativelyconnected thereto is bypassed. In this configuration the first valveelement 340 is in position B in which the valve element prevents flowthrough the valve body between the first port 320 and the second port322. The second valve element 342 is in a position (referred to asposition D) in which flow between the third port 324 and the fourth port326 is prevented. However in this configuration of the valve, liquid isenabled to flow between the first passage 344 and the second passage 346through the third passage 348.

In this position untreated water from the inlet manifold 352 passesthrough the valve 316 from the first port 322 the third port 324 and outthe outlet manifold 354. Thus the flow through the valve 316 bypassesthe control valve 350 as well as the softener tank fluidly attachedthereto. The valve 316 may be placed in this configuration when treatedwater is not required from the outlet manifold 354. This condition maycorrespond to a situation where treated water is not required for acurrent activity such as the watering of a lawn. Of course thisarrangement is exemplary and in other embodiments other arrangements maybe used.

In the exemplary valve 316 the first valve element 340 in position B iseffective to fluidly separate second port 322 from the first, third andfourth ports of the valve, as well as from the third passage 348. Thesecond valve element 342 in position D is similarly effective to fluidlyseparate fourth port 326 from the first, second and third ports of thevalve as well as from the third passage 348. In some exemplaryarrangements the valve elements may be movable such that the firstelement may be disposed 180° from position B, in which position thefirst port is fluidly separated from all the other ports and the thirdpassage. Likewise in some embodiments the second valve element 342 maybe disposed 180° from position D such that the third port 324 is fluidlyseparated from all the other ports of the valve and the third passage.Also in some exemplary arrangements the first valve element 340 may bepositioned 180° from position A. This may be done in some exemplaryarrangements to isolate the third passage 348 from both of the first andsecond ports. Such capabilities may enable some embodiments to achieveother alternative flow conditions which may be useful in some otherapplications.

FIG. 42 shows an exemplary arrangement in which a plurality of valves316 may be individually connected to respective control valves 350 whichare each in connection with respective water softener tanks 356. Asshown in this exemplary arrangement, the valves 316 may be utilized toselectively connect certain control valves and softener tanks to thecommon inlet manifold 352 and common outlet manifold 354. As previouslydiscussed, in such arrangements each control valve 350 may beselectively controlled as a slave valve assembly by a master controlleror manually, to selectively enable the softener tanks to be selectivelyplaced in a service condition, a regeneration/standby condition, or in abypass condition. Such arrangements may enable multiple water softeneror other water conditioning tanks to be in service concurrently duringhigh flow demand, while only one unit may be used to provide treatedwater during periods of lower demand. Alternatively or in addition, suchunits may be operated to supply treated water during different timeperiods. During the period that the particular softener tank is not inservice it may be controlled by the control valve and/or a mastercontroller to undergo media regeneration. Numerous different approachesmay be taken utilizing the principles described herein.

FIG. 38 is an exploded view of an exemplary actuator 336. The exemplaryhousing 338 includes therein a first electric motor 358 and a secondelectric motor 360. Each motor includes a gear train that drives arespective pinion 362. Each motor is in operative connection with anencoder 364, 366 shown schematically, which enables determining therotational position of the gear train attached to the respective motor.Each motor is held in engagement with the housing through fasteners 368only one of which is shown. The exemplary actuator housing 338 may be ofa clam shell type, the pieces of which are held together by fasteners369.

Housing 338 includes a first bore 370. Bore 370 is a cylindrical borethat is bounded internally within the housing by a first circular topsurface 372. The housing further includes a second cylindrical bore 374.Second bore 374 is bounded by a second circular top surface 376. A firstgear 378 is rotatably movable within the housing 338. First gear 378includes in fixed connection therewith, a first cylindrical hub 380. Inthe exemplary arrangement hub 380 is integrally formed with the gear378. Gear 378 includes a plurality of angularly spaced radially outwardextending fingers 382. Fingers 382 are configured to rotate inengagement with the first circular top surface 376. The exemplaryradially outwardly biased fingers 382 are operative to enable theactuator to be assembled by allowing the hub 380 to be extended into thefirst bore. The fingers 382 are deflected radially inward as the hub ismoved through the bore and then extend outward once the gear has reachedthe desired axial position within the bore. The axially outwardextending fingers through 82 in engagement with the circular top surface372 serve to axially position the hub 380 and gear 378 in the firstbore. The first bore extends in close fitting relation with the hub toenable the first gear to rotate in guided axial relation therewith.

Actuator 336 further includes therein a second gear 384. Second gear 384similar to first gear 378 include a cylindrical hub 386. The hub 386includes in operative connection therewith, a plurality of angularlyspaced radially outwardly biased second fingers 388. Second fingers 388extend outward and move in engagement with the second circular topsurface 376 of the second bore 374. The second fingers 388 serve toaxially position the second hub 386 in the second bore. The positioningof the first and second gears assures engagement with the respectivepinions that are driven by the first and second motors respectively. Ofcourse it should be understood that this arrangement is exemplary and inother embodiments other approaches may be used.

First gear 378 includes a central keyed and splined aperture 390. Firstaperture 390 is configured to engage the first valve stem 328 therein ina particular rotational relationship. Second gear 384 includes a secondcentral aperture 392. Second aperture 392 is configured to accept thesecond valve stem 330 therein. Thus as can be appreciated with the firstand second gears engaged with the first and second valve stemsrespectively, the positions of the first and second valve elementswithin the valve 316 can be selectively independently controlledresponsive to electrical signals that are delivered to the actuator.This enables the valve to be placed in a plurality of flow conditionslike those previously discussed. In some exemplary arrangementselectrical signals to the actuator may be delivered from a mastercontroller which controls the actuator as a slave assembly. In otherarrangements the actuator may be controlled responsive to instructionsproduced by other circuitry that communicate electrical signals with theactuator to enable the valve elements to be placed in desired orprogrammed positions.

The exemplary valve 316 may also be used in conjunction with a number ofother different applications other than water treatment systems such aswater softeners. FIGS. 43 through 45 represent operation of the valve315 in connection with a water system that is used to supply aresidential or commercial establishment. In some exemplary arrangementsthe establishment may receive treated water from a municipal or regionalwater treatment facility that has already rendered the water suitablefor drinking or other purposes. The exemplary arrangement may be used inconjunction with a master controller such as those discussed herein tocontrol the delivery of water to the water use devices within the houseor commercial establishment. In addition the exemplary arrangement maybe used in circumstances where unusual conditions are detected to avoiddamage and water loss.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 43 the second port 322 of thevalve 316 is connected to a water supply line 394. In exemplaryarrangement the supply line 394 may be connected to a regional ormunicipal water supply system that supplies treated water to residentialand commercial facilities. The first port 320 of the valve is fluidlyconnected to a water outlet line 396. The exemplary outlet line 396 maybe a feed line to a water system within a house or commercial building.Outlet line 396 may be connected to a plurality of water use devicessuch as plumbing fixtures, drinking fountains, vending machines, washingmachines, dishwashers, water heaters and other devices that use ordeliver treated water.

In the exemplary configuration shown in FIG. 43, the fourth port 326 isclosed by a suitable plug or other closure member. In this exemplaryarrangement the fourth port 326 is always closed and no water flowstherefrom in any of the conditions of the valve 316. The third port 324is fluidly connected to a drain line 398. Drain line 398 is connected toa wastewater drain or similar connection that receives unused water.

As shown in FIG. 43 the first valve element 340 is in position A. Thesecond valve element 342 is in position C. In this valve configurationliquid is enabled to flow through the valve 316 from the second port322, through the first passage 344, and to the liquid outlet 396 throughthe first port 320. The position of the second valve element 342 inposition C prevents liquid from flowing from the first passage 344through the third passage 348 and into the second passage 346. As aresult no liquid passes from the valve 316 to the drain when the valveelements are in this configuration. In exemplary arrangements theconfiguration of the valve elements in FIG. 43 enables liquid to flowfrom the supply to the outlet line and the water use devices through thevalve during normal system operation.

FIG. 44 shows valve 316 in a shut off condition. The valve 316 may beplaced in this configuration when it is desired to discontinue thesupply of water to the water use devices connected to outlet line 396.In this condition the first valve element 340 is rotated to be inposition B. In this position the valve element is operative to fluidlyseparate the second fluid port 322 from all the other valve ports andthe third passage 348 within the valve. The second valve element 342 inthis configuration is maintained in position C. The second valve elementin this position prevents flow between the first passage 344 and thesecond passage 346 through the third passage 348. As represented by thearrows in FIG. 44, the first valve element 340 in position B and thesecond valve element 346 in position C holds any pressure that may be inthe outlet line 396. Such pressure may be due to the head of liquid inthe lines that go to the water use devices. Such pressure may also arisedue to certain pressurized devices that are connected as water usedevices to the outlet line 396.

In exemplary arrangements, valve 316 may be changed to the configurationshown in FIG. 44 when it is desired to discontinue the supply of waterinto the residential or commercial facility. This might be done throughmanual control of removable handles such as those previously discussed.Alternatively it may be done responsive to electrical signals that aredelivered to actuator 336 that is in connection with the valve elements.The water supply may be shut off if the facility which is supplied withwater through the valve 316 is going to be unoccupied for a substantialperiod of time. Alternatively valve 316 may be placed in thisconfiguration when servicing is to be done to one of the water usedevices connected to the water outlet 396. This may be accomplished bythe manual rotation of the valve elements through the use of the handlesor alternatively through appropriate inputs to an input device from auser which are operative to control the positions of the valve elements.

In other arrangements, valve 316 may be changed from the configurationshown in FIG. 43 to the configuration shown in FIG. 44 automaticallyresponsive to signals received by the actuator 336 from a mastercontroller or other similar control circuitry. For example in someexemplary arrangements the master controller may be in communicationwith a user mobile wireless device to which a user can provide inputsthat are operative to control the configuration of the valve. Inputsprovided by the user to their mobile device indicating that water to theestablishment is to be shut off, may be received by the mastercontroller. The master controller may then operate in accordance withstored executable instructions to cause electrical signals to be sent tothe actuator which are operative to cause the valve elements to move tothe positions shown in FIG. 44.

In other exemplary arrangements, the master controller may operate inaccordance with certain program instructions or signals received fromslave devices to change the configuration of the valve. For example insome exemplary arrangements programmed instructions associated with thecontrol circuitry of the master controller may indicate that the watersupply to the facility is to be turned off during certain time periods.Responsive to clock circuitry in the master controller, the mastercontroller is operative to determine when those time periods have beenreached and to turn off the water supply until the end of the programmedshut off time is reached, at which time the configuration of the valveis changed to again make water available.

In other exemplary arrangements the master controller or other controlcircuitry may be operative to determine possible adverse conditions inwhich the supply to the water use devices should be turned off. Forexample the master controller may include data stored in a data storeregarding water flow through the valve as a function of time. The mastercontroller or other circuitry to be operative to monitor the currentflow as detected by a flow meter positioned in connection with the watersupply line 394 or the water outlet line 396. The master controller maybe operative to determine a significant deviation indicating high wateruse during a period when such high water use has not previouslyoccurred. This may be for example in the middle of the night when no oneis expected to be at the facility. Responsive to the control logic inthe master controller detecting an abnormal water use condition,exemplary embodiments may be operative to change the condition of thevalve 316 to shut off the water flow therethrough. Some exemplaryarrangements may also operate to have the master controller send one ormore signals indicative of the condition detected to a user interface ofa mobile device or other user terminal. Such signals may advise the userof the abnormal condition that has been detected. In some arrangementsif the master controller has shut off the flow of water to the facility,the user may provide inputs to the user operable input device of theuser terminal to have the water flow reinstated in the event that theuser wishes to do so. Alternatively in other arrangements, or in othercircumstances, the master controller or other control circuitry upondetecting a suspect condition may send signals to notify the user of thesuspect condition. In such circumstances the master controller may beprogrammed not to take action to shut off the water flow to the facilityuntil receiving signals indicative that the user wishes to do so. Ofcourse these approaches are exemplary in other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

As shown in FIG. 45 some exemplary valve arrangements may also providefor the relief of any pressure that may be present in the outlet line396 after the first valve element has been changed to position B to shutoff the water flow into the facility. In this configuration the secondvalve element 342 is changed to position D. In this configuration waterthat is available at the first port 320 from the water use devices inthe facility is enabled to pass through the valve to the first, secondand third passages therein to the drain line 398. This exemplary valveconfiguration may be utilized when conditions are detected which suggestthat damage may be occurring due to leakage or other conditions where itis desirable to relieve any pressure that may exist at the water usedevices.

For example in some exemplary arrangements the master controller may bein operative connection with slave assemblies that detect the presenceof water or moisture in areas where water or moisture should not bepresent. This may be for example in a basement area near a sump pump. Itmay alternatively or additionally be near a hot water tank, a washingmachine, a dehumidifier, and air conditioning unit or other device whichmay cause water to be present in the area of the detector duringconditions associated with a malfunction. Such detectors upon detectingthe presence of water or moisture in an area where it should not bepresent, operate in accordance with their circuitry to send one or moresignals to the master controller or other control circuitry. In suchcircumstances the master controller may operate in accordance with itsprogramming to determine the nature of the potential undesirablecondition. This may be for example, a broken pipe or other water leak.In such circumstances the master controller may operate in accordancewith its programming to change the condition of the first valve element340 of the valve 316 from position A to position B to shut off thefurther flow of water into the facility. In addition due to the natureof the condition detected, namely a water leak, the master controllermay operate in accordance with its programming to try to minimize theamount of water that can pass through the leak and cause damage to thefacility. Responsive to such a determination the master controller theychange the configuration of the valve to that shown in FIG. 45. In thisexemplary configuration the head of water maintained in the waterdistribution system is relieved through the valve to the drain 398. Thisreduces the amount of water available that can potentially pass outwardthrough the leak. In such arrangements the master controller or othercontrol circuitry may also operate to send one or more signals to a userinterface of a mobile device or other user terminal to advise a user ofthe detected condition. As in the previously discussed situation themaster controller may operate in accordance with its programming tonotify the user after or concurrently with changing the condition of thevalve to shut off the water and attempt to minimize the potentialdamage. Alternatively the master controller may send a notification tothe user and take action only after receiving the user instruction tochange the condition of the valve.

As can be appreciated, exemplary master controllers or other controlcircuitry may be programmed to detect a plurality of differentconditions which may correspond circumstances where the condition of thecontrol valve 316 may need to be changed. Further in other exemplaryembodiments water delivery systems may include a plurality of disposedvalves such as valves 316 which control water flow in various regions orareas of the facility. A master controller or a plurality of linkedcontrollers may operate in accordance with their programming to detectpotential adverse conditions or other conditions which indicate that thecondition of the valve should be changed, and make the changesaccordingly in accordance with programmed instructions associated withthe control circuitry and/or in accordance with commands receivedremotely from a user. Of course these configurations are exemplary andin other embodiments other approaches may be used.

FIGS. 56-59 show an alternative arrangement which may be used to controlthe delivery of liquid such as water in residential or commercialfacilities. This alternative arrangement may be used in situationssimilar to the arrangement shown in FIGS. 43-46 in which treated waterfrom a regional or municipal supply is monitored and controlled.Alternatively in another arrangements the flow of liquid from a liquidtreatment device may be controlled through the exemplary arrangement.Alternatively in other arrangements flow may be monitored from a watersupply such as a holding tank that is connected to a water well pump orother source of supply.

The exemplary liquid control arrangement 438 includes a liquid supplyport 440. Liquid supply port 440 is configured to be connected to aliquid outlet port of a liquid conditioner such as those previouslydiscussed which is operative to soften, filter or oxidize the liquid bytreatment of the liquid and/or the contaminants therein. Alternativelyin other exemplary arrangements the liquid supply port 440 is configuredto be connected to a treated liquid system such as water supply line394, water tank or other water source as previously discussed.

The exemplary arrangement 438 further includes a liquid delivery port442. The exemplary liquid delivery port is configured for connection toa liquid outlet line such as outlet line 396 previously discussed. Sucha liquid outlet line is operatively connected to liquid use devices ofthe type mentioned in connection with the previously describedembodiment. In exemplary arrangements these will be liquid use devicesof the types that are found in residential or commercial facilities.

As shown schematically in FIGS. 57-59, the exemplary arrangement 438includes a valve 444. Valve 444 includes a valve body 446. Valve body446 includes an inlet port 448 and an outlet port 450. Valve 444includes therein a movable valve element 452. The exemplary valveelement 452 is a rotatable valve element that is movable between a valveelement open condition shown in FIG. 57, and a valve element closedcondition shown in FIG. 58. In the valve element open condition theinlet port 448 and the outlet port 450 are in fluid connection throughthe valve body 446. In the closed condition of the valve element, liquidis prevented from flowing from the inlet port 448 to the outlet port 450of the valve 444. Of course it should be understood that the rotatablevalve element shown is exemplary, and in other embodiments other typesof valve elements that are suitable for allowing and preventing flow maybe used.

The exemplary arrangement 438 further includes a further valve 454.Further valve 454 includes a further valve body 456. Further valve body456 includes a further inlet port 458 and a further outlet port 460.Further valve 454 includes a movable further valve element 462 therein.Further valve element 462 is selectively changeable between a furthervalve open condition shown in FIG. 59, in which the further inlet port458 and the further outlet port 460 are in liquid connection through thevalve 454, and a further valve closed condition shown in FIG. 57. In thefurther valve closed condition liquid is prevented from flowing throughthe further valve 454 from the further inlet port 458 to the furtheroutlet port 460. Again it should be understood that while in theexemplary arrangement a selectively rotatable valve element is used, inother exemplary embodiments other types of valve elements may beutilized.

In the exemplary arrangement an inlet manifold 464 is operative to placein liquid connection, the liquid supply port 440 and both the inlet port448 of valve 444 and inlet port 458 of further valve 454. The exemplaryarrangement further includes an outlet manifold 466. The exemplaryoutlet manifold 466 is operative to place the outlet port 450 of valve444 and the further outlet port 460 of further valve 454 in liquidconnection with the liquid delivery port 442.

In the exemplary embodiment the outlet manifold 466 is in operativeconnection with a pressure sensor 468. The exemplary pressure sensor 468is operative to detect liquid pressure in the interior of the outletmanifold. The exemplary outlet manifold 466 further includes in liquidconnection therewith, a liquid flow meter 470. The exemplary liquid flowmeter is operative to detect a rate of liquid flow which corresponds toflow of the liquid through the liquid delivery port 442. Of course itshould be understood that these liquid sensors are exemplary, and inother arrangements other or different types of liquid sensors may beused. Further while in the exemplary arrangement the liquid sensors arepositioned in connection with the outlet manifold, and otherarrangements the liquid sensors may be positioned in other components ofthe arrangement or in other connected components of the system.

As shown in FIG. 56 the exemplary arrangement 438 includes a valveactuator 472. In the exemplary arrangement actuator 472 may be similarto actuator 336 previously described. Actuator 472 includes a motorwhich is selectively operative to provide rotational movement. Therotational movement provided by the motor is operative to selectivelyposition the valve element 472 in the open and closed conditions.

In the exemplary arrangement actuator 472 is in integrated operativeconnection with a valve slave controller 474. The exemplary valve slavecontroller includes features like the valve slave assemblies discussedherein. The exemplary slave controller includes at least one processorand at least one data store. The valve slave controller includes awireless portal such as a bi-directional radio which may bealternatively referred to herein as a transceiver, that enables thevalve slave controller to wirelessly communicate with a mastercontroller. The exemplary slave controller 474 is further electricallyconnected to the pressure sensor 468 and the flow meter 470 which areoperative to provide signals to the slave controller indicative of thedetected pressure and the detected flow respectively. Further theexemplary slave controller may include output devices such aslight-emitting devices or other indicators 476 which are operative toprovide outputs indicative of one or more conditions of the valve, theactuator and/or the slave controller. The exemplary slave controllerfurther includes control circuitry which is operative to determineconditions that likely correspond to a slave controller malfunction. Theexemplary circuitry is operative responsive to circuit executableinstructions stored in a memory associated with the circuitry to causethe slave controller to position the movable valve element in the closedcondition when a probable malfunction is detected. Of course it shouldbe understood that this approach is exemplary and in other embodimentsother approaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement, the further valve element 462 of thefurther valve 454 is in operative connection with a manually movablehandle 478. The manually movable handle 478 may be like the handles 334,336 previously discussed. The exemplary handle 478 enables selectivelychanging the further valve element 462 between the further opencondition and the further closed condition responsive to the rotationthereof. In the exemplary arrangement the valve 444 and the furthervalve 454 are operatively connected through a common mount 480. Theexemplary common mount 480 provides a unitary structure for operativelysupporting the valves and the associated actuator, the slave controller,manually rotatable handle and other components. Of course it should beunderstood that this arrangement is exemplary in other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement the valve 444 and the further valve 454have the respective valve elements positioned in the conditionsrepresented in FIG. 57 during normal operation. In this condition liquidenters the liquid supply port 440, passes through the valve 444 and isdelivered through the liquid delivery port 442. With the further valveelement 462 in the closed condition as shown in FIG. 57 the slavecontroller 474 through the actuator 472 is operative to control all ofthe flow of liquid from the liquid supply port 442 the liquid deliveryport 442.

In the exemplary arrangement the slave controller 474 is operative tocommunicate wireless messages with the master controller. These wirelessmessages include data corresponding to the current valve elementcondition, as well as data corresponding to the detected pressure asdetermined by the pressure sensor 468 and the current flow as detectedby the flow meter 470. Of course in other exemplary arrangements othersensors as well as other types of operational condition data and otherinformation may be communicated between the slave controller 474 and themaster controller.

In the exemplary arrangement the master controller wirelesslycommunicates with a plurality of slave controllers, including slavecontroller 474. The master controller operates to receive the datacorresponding to the current valve condition, detected pressure and thedetected flow that is included in the wireless messages sent by theslave controller 474. Responsive at least in part to at least one of thedetected pressure and detected flow conditions the master controller isoperative to communicate wireless messages with the slave controllerthat are operative to selectively position the valve element in eitherthe open condition or the closed condition. In exemplary arrangementsthe master controller is operative to communicate messages in accordancewith circuit executable instructions which are operative to cause thecircuitry associated with the master controller to determine the need tochange the condition of the valve element based on certain detectedconditions.

For example in exemplary embodiments wireless messages communicated bythe slave controller 474 may include data corresponding to a significantdrop in pressure as detected by the pressure sensor 468, with noconcurrent corresponding significant flow as detected by the flow meter470. In the exemplary arrangement, the master controller operates inaccordance with its stored circuit executable instructions to cause oneor more wireless messages to be sent to the slave controller which areoperative to cause the motor associated with the actuator 472 to causethe valve element to be in the closed condition. This may be done, forexample based on the programming of the master controller to protectdevices such as a liquid heater or a pump which requires liquid to beavailable for purposes of proper operation. The master controller mayalternatively operate to cause the valve element to be closed to protectsuch liquid use devices from damage when pressure is restored.Alternatively or in addition the master controller may operate tocommunicate wireless messages with a slave controller that is operativeto cause the device with which the slave controller is operativelyassociated, to discontinue operation as a result of the liquid pressurehaving been lost. This may help to assure that the liquid use device isnot damaged due to the loss of or subsequent reconnection of the systemwith liquid pressure. Of course this approach is exemplary, and in otherexemplary arrangements the master controller may operate to causenumerous different actions to be taken by slave controllers responsiveto detection of the loss of liquid pressure.

In other exemplary arrangements, the master controller may operate todetermine that the data included in the wireless messages sent by theslave controller 474 indicates a loss of signal, or other malfunction.This may include for example the loss of data indicating the currentcondition of the valve element, or the detected pressure or flow.Responsive to the master controller determining the probable occurrenceof the malfunction, the master controller communicates one or morewireless messages with the slave controller that are operative to causethe valve element to be in the closed condition. This results in thearrangement being in the condition represented by FIG. 58. This may bein addition to the capabilities of the slave controller to determine aprobable malfunction condition which causes the slave controller toplace the valve element in the closed condition automatically responsiveto the circuit executable instructions of the slave controller.

In exemplary arrangements the master controller is operative todetermine a liquid usage pattern with respect to elapsed time. Theliquid usage pattern may be based on the master controller receiving andstoring data concerning liquid use based on the flow of liquid from theliquid delivery port 442 over a multi-day or multi-week elapsed timeperiod. The exemplary master controller may operate in accordance withits circuit executable instructions to determine that the current liquidusage based on the detected liquid flow and/or liquid pressure in thesignals provided by the slave controller 474, are not consistent withthe liquid usage pattern. Responsive at least in part to thedetermination, the master controller of exemplary embodiments may beoperative to communicate one or more wireless messages with the slavecontroller, which messages are operative to cause the valve element tobe in the closed position. Alternatively or in addition, the exemplarymaster controller may be operative responsive to determining that thecurrent liquid usage is not consistent with the liquid use pattern, tocommunicate one or more wireless messages with a portable mobile userdevice. The mobile user device may include a liquid managementapplication which operates responsive to received wireless messages toprovide one or more outputs to the user through an output deviceindicative of the determined condition. In exemplary arrangements a usermay operate the portable user device to provide at least one input whichcauses wireless messages to be communicated to the master controller. Insome arrangements the communicated messages are operative to cause themaster controller to communicate one or more wireless messages with theslave controller 474 so as to cause the valve element to be in theclosed position. Alternatively in some arrangements if the mastercontroller has sent messages which cause the valve element to be in theclosed position, but the user provides an input to the portable userdevice which indicates that the valve element should be changed to theopen condition, the master controller operates responsive to themessages communicated by the portable user device, to communicatewireless messages which cause the slave controller to place the valveelement in the open condition. Of course these approaches are exemplaryand in other embodiments other approaches may be used.

In some exemplary arrangements the master controller may operateresponse of at least in part to the data corresponding to the flow datain the wireless messages from the slave controller, to identify a liquiduse pattern that corresponds to a particular condition. For example, themaster controller may operate in accordance with its stored circuitexecutable instructions to determine that the liquid use patterncorresponds to a repeating cyclical periodic liquid use that isindicative of a leaky toilet valve. As can be appreciated such a valvemay be operative to cause a generally consistent periodic flowrequirement necessary to refill a toilet tank when the level therein hasdropped due to the leaking valve. As generally the time required for thelevel in the tank to drop so that needs to be refilled will beconsistent 24 hours per day, 7 days a week, such a condition may beidentified by the master controller. Further the volume of liquid whichis utilized on this repeating periodic basis will generally be the sameeach time, which further facilitates correctly identifying thecondition. In an exemplary arrangement responsive at least in part tothe master controller identifying the leaky toilet valve, the mastercontroller is operative to cause one or more wireless messages to besent to the users' portable mobile device. These wireless messages areoperative to cause the instructions included in the liquid managementapplication operating on the device, to provide one or more outputsindicating to the user the existence of this determined condition. Ofcourse it should be understood that this determination of a condition isexemplary, and in other embodiments other conditions and steps for theidentification thereof, may be used.

In exemplary arrangements, the master controller may be operative todetermine from the flow data included in the wireless messagescommunicated by the slave controller, that the current liquid flow ishigher than a threshold. In some exemplary arrangements the thresholdmay be based on the determined liquid usage pattern that the mastercontroller has generated responsive to the wireless messages receivedfrom the slave controller. In other embodiments the master controllermay have stored in a data store associated with the circuit executableinstructions of the master controller, a threshold value which isindicative of a condition which corresponds to an unduly high water use.In exemplary embodiments responsive to the determination that thecurrent flow level is higher than the threshold, the master controlleris operative to communicate one or more wireless messages to the slavecontroller. The slave controller is operative responsive at least inpart to the wireless messages to cause the actuator and the motorassociated therewith to change the valve element to the closedcondition. Alternatively or in addition, the master controller may beoperative to communicate one or more wireless messages to the portablemobile user device. The mobile device is operative responsive to theexecutable instructions which make up the liquid management application,to provide an output to the user indicative of the detected condition.The user by providing inputs to the mobile device may communicatewireless messages which, in a system configuration where the mastercontroller has not automatically sent messages to cause the slavecontroller to place the valve element in the closed condition, cause themaster controller to send such messages to the slave controller.Alternatively or in addition, in a system configuration in which themaster controller has automatically caused the slave controller to placethe valve element in the closed condition, the user may provide inputsto the mobile device which are operative to cause the master controllerto communicate wireless messages with the slave controller, which areoperative to cause the valve element to be returned to the opencondition. Of course these approaches are exemplary and otherembodiments other approaches may be used.

In still other exemplary arrangements the master controller may operateresponsive at least in part to the detected pressure and/or flow data tomake a determination that the total volume of liquid that has beendelivered from the liquid delivery port during an elapsed time period isnot consistent with the determined liquid use pattern. In exemplaryarrangements the master controller may operate in accordance with itscircuit executable instructions and responsive at least in part to thedetermination, to communicate one or more wireless messages. Suchmessages may be communicated to the slave controller and operative tocause the slave controller to change the valve element to the closedcondition. Alternatively the wireless messages may be communicated tothe portable user device, to provide an indication to the user of thedetected condition. The user may then provide one or more inputs to theportable user device which cause wireless messages to be communicatedwith the master controller. Such wireless communications may beoperative to cause the master controller to communicate wirelessmessages to the slave controller which cause the slave controller tochange the valve element to the closed condition. Alternatively if themaster controller has automatically caused the valve element to beplaced in the closed condition, messages from the master controllerbased on the communications with the portable device, may be operativeto cause the valve element to be placed in the open condition. Of coursethese approaches are exemplary and other embodiments other approachesmay be used.

In exemplary arrangements the master controller may include in one ormore data stores associated with its control circuitry, calendar data.Such calendar data may correspond to times or time periods when themaster controller is to enable or prevent liquid flow through the liquiddelivery arrangement 438. In the exemplary embodiment the mastercontroller is operative to communicate wireless messages to the slavecontroller responsive at least in part to the calendar data, whichcauses the slave controller to place the valve element in the open andclosed conditions in response to the programmed calendar data. Thisenables the master controller to discontinue liquid flow at times whenthe residential or commercial facility is expected to be unoccupied andno flow of liquid should be required, for example. Further in exemplaryarrangements, the programming of calendar data which is stored in themaster controller may be changed responsive to wireless communicationswith the portable mobile user device. This enables the user toselectively change the calendar data to be consistent with plannedactivity at the residential or commercial facility where the system isinstalled. Alternatively or in addition the mobile device in someembodiments may provide messages that override the calendar data andcause a change in valve condition. Of course it should be understoodthat these approaches are exemplary, and numerous different approachesmay be taken for purposes of controlling the status of the valveelement, either in response to calendar data or other wireless messagesor information that are available to the master controller.

In some exemplary arrangements, the facility where the system is locatedmay include one or more different types of sensors which are positionedto detect conditions related to the liquid management system. Forexample in some exemplary arrangements, one or more moisture sensors maybe positioned in locations within the facility in order to detectmoisture conditions that may correspond to a liquid leak or otherproblem. Such moisture sensors may be in operative connection with slaveassemblies or other suitable devices that include wireless transceiversthat are operative to communicate data corresponding to the detectedconditions wirelessly to the master controller. Alternatively or inaddition, exemplary sensors may include temperature sensors. Suchtemperature sensors may be operative to detect local temperature inareas of the facility which may be important to proper operation of thesystem. For example such temperature sensors may be positioned in areaswhere the temperature adjacent to liquid delivery pipes may fall to arange where there is a risk of freezing. Such temperature sensors mayalso be in operative connection with suitable slave assemblies or otherwireless transceivers. Such wireless transceivers provide thecommunication of wireless messages which include such temperature datato the master controller. Responsive to determining that moisture ortemperature data (or other received data) corresponds to a potentialproblematic condition, the master controller may operate in accordancewith its circuit executable instructions to cause the slave controller474 to operate the actuator 472 so as to cause the motor to move thevalve element to the closed condition. Alternatively or in addition themaster controller may also operate in accordance with its circuitexecutable instructions to cause wireless messages to be sent to theportable user device associated with the user responsible for operationof the system. The wireless messages communicated to the portable userdevice may be operative to cause the device to output messagesindicative of the condition. Further in exemplary arrangements the userdevice may communicate messages with the master controller that areoperative to cause the master controller to change operationalconditions or to take other steps as directed by the user through inputsto the portable user device.

In other exemplary arrangements the liquid control arrangement 438 andslave controller 474 may be configured to include interface circuitry sothat a moisture sensor and/or a temperature sensor may be directlyconnected thereto. In exemplary arrangements the slave controller 474may be operative to communicate with the master controller, wirelessmessages that include the data corresponding to detected moisture ortemperature conditions. The master controller in response to receivingthe data corresponding to the detected conditions may operate tocommunicate wireless messages to the slave controller 474 that areoperative to cause the valve actuator 472 to control the condition ofthe valve 444. Thus such a liquid control arrangement may be used tomonitor flow and/or pressure conditions as well as temperature and/ormoisture (leak) conditions in the area where the arrangement ispositioned. This might be useful for example in the area where waterfrom a water supply enters a structure and/or an area where water isdelivered from a water conditioner to a liquid use system. Of course itshould be understood that this arrangement is exemplary and otherarrangements other approaches may be used.

In still other exemplary arrangements the master controller maywirelessly communicate with other devices such as relay slavecontrollers which are operative to control the condition of electricalrelays. Such electrical relays may be operative to selectively deliverand withhold electrical power from different types of electricallypowered devices. Such electrically powered devices may include types ofdevices discussed in this disclosure that relate to the handling ofliquid or that control conditions related to liquid handling activity inthe facility in which the system is located. The exemplary mastercontroller may operate in accordance with its stored circuit executableinstructions to communicate with the relay slave controllers to receiveinformation regarding the condition of such electrically powereddevices, and to control the supply of such devices with electricalpower. Alternatively or in addition the master controller may providecommunications to the portable user device associated with the user, andreceive wireless messages from the device. The master controller mayoperate responsive at least in part to the receipt of such wirelessmessages, to cause wireless messages to be communicated to change theelectrical condition of the electrically powered devices in accordancewith the user provided instructions. Alternatively in some arrangementsrelay control circuitry may be included in arrangement 438. This may beusable for example to control a delivery pump such as a well pump thatsupplies water to the liquid supply port 40. Of course it should beunderstood that these approaches are exemplary and in other arrangementsother approaches may be used.

As previously discussed, in the exemplary arrangement the slavecontroller 474 is configured to identify probable malfunctionconditions. The exemplary controller operates responsive to thedetermination of a probable controller malfunction to operate theactuator and the associated motor to cause the valve element to be inthe closed condition. Alternatively the controller or actuator maymalfunction unexpectedly in a manner that causes the valve element to be“stuck” in the closed condition or any condition where the valve elementis partially closed and unable to deliver a suitable amount of liquid toliquid use devices through the fluid delivery port 442. In the exemplaryarrangement in the event that one of these conditions occur, the user isenabled to change the condition of the further valve element from theclosed condition to the open condition as shown in FIG. 59. This isaccomplished through manual movement of the handle 478. Such movement ofthe handle is operative to control all flow between the supply port 440and the delivery port 442 when the valve element is in the closedcondition. This particular configuration of the exemplary embodimentallows a user to manually provide liquid flow through the further valve454 in the event of a malfunction of the slave controller or actuator.This enables the user to maintain the supply of liquid in the facilityuntil the malfunction can be corrected.

Of course it should be understood that this particular valve arrangementis exemplary, and in other arrangements other valve arrangements andcontroller arrangements may be utilized for purposes of controlling theflow of liquid to liquid use devices in connection with systemsinstalled in a residential, commercial or other facility.

As discussed previously, example arrangements of the liquid managementsystem may include sensors that are operative to connect and report datato the master controller. Such sensors may be configured as part ofslave assemblies. Sensors may also be connected with transceivers thatcommunicate sensor data to the master controller (referred toalternatively herein as a slave sensor assembly 1420 as illustrated inFIG. 13).

FIG. 93 shows schematically an alternative water management system 104.Exemplary system 104 includes a water well pump 106. The exemplary waterwell pump 106 is positioned in a water well 108 and is configured toselectively pump water therefrom. While in the exemplary system shownwater is supplied from a well, a water well pump or well pump asreferred to herein will be deemed to include a pump that pumps waterfrom a well, a reservoir, a river, a cistern, a pond, a spring or otherwater source.

In the exemplary system the water well pump 106 has an electric motorand is operative to pump water from the well through a water conduit110. Water conduit 110 is in fluid connection through one or more valves112 including a check valve 114, with a holding tank 116. In theexemplary arrangement holding tank 116 is operative to hold waterdelivered by the water conduit from the pump 106 at elevated pressure.For example in some exemplary arrangements the holding tank 116 mayinclude a pressurized air pocket and or a movable bladder or piston soas to maintain the water available for delivery from the holding tank ata suitable elevated pressure.

Exemplary holding tank 116 is in fluid connection through a deliveryconduit 118 and one or more valves including a check valve 120, with awater treatment device 122. Water treatment device 122 may be one ormore of the types of water treatment devices described herein. Theexemplary water treatment device includes at least one tank 124 and atleast one control valve 126. The exemplary control valve may beassociated with a slave controller of one of the types discussed hereinthat may be operated responsive to wireless signals from a mastercontroller. The exemplary water treatment device 122 includes an outletport that provides treated water to a water network including the typesof devices included in water networks discussed herein. Of course itshould be understood that system 104 is shown schematically and in otherarrangements other or different components may be included in suchsystems.

The exemplary system includes a pump controller 128. The exemplary pumpcontroller is utilized in the exemplary arrangement to control theoperation of the water well pump 106. In the exemplary arrangement thepump controller is in electrical connection with a contactor 130.Contactor 130 is in operative connection with a source of electricalpower. In the exemplary arrangement signals from the pump controller areoperative to cause electrical power to be delivered to the electricmotor of the well pump 106. In the exemplary arrangement as laterexplained, the pump controller 128 is operative to supply signals to thecontactor 130 which is operative to control a pump condition of thepump. In the exemplary arrangements the pump condition includes at leastone of a pumping condition in which the pump 106 is supplied withelectrical power and is operative to pump water into the water conduit110, and a not pumping condition in which the pump is not operative topump water. Of course it should be understood that in other exemplaryarrangements water well pumps may include other conditions such asoperation at different speeds so as to enable the delivery of water atdifferent pressures and flow rates. Other types of pump conditions maybe controlled for water well pumps depending on the type of pump andsystem in which the pump is used.

The exemplary pump controller is further in operative connection with aflowmeter schematically indicated 132. Flowmeter 132 is operative toprovide signals corresponding to the flow of water in the water conduit110. A temperature sensor 134 is also in operative connection with theexemplary pump controller 128. The temperature sensor 134 is operativeto provide temperature signals which are indicative of the temperatureat least one of within or adjacent to the water conduit. The exemplarytemperature sensor is usable to identify situations where thetemperature is sufficiently low to cause a potential freezing problem aslater discussed. The exemplary pump controller is further in operativeconnection with at least one leak detector 136. The exemplary leakdetector is operative to determine the presence of water in a leaklocation where water is not normally found. The at least one leakdetector may be one of a plurality of different types that may beutilized for purposes of identifying a leak condition at a leaklocation. The leak detectors are usable to identify circumstances inwhich corrective action may need to be taken to avoid water damage orother problems.

The exemplary pump controller 128 is in operative connection with thewater conduit 110 through a pressure sensing conduit line 138. Theexemplary pressure sensing conduit line is in operative connection withthe water conduit 110 through a suitable fitting or other structure. Thepressure sensing conduit line 138 enables the pump controller to detectthe level of water pressure currently in the water conduit line. Ofcourse it should be understood that the devices and components that arein operative connection with the pump controller 128 in the exemplarysystem 104 are exemplary. In other arrangements and systems other typesof devices may be used.

The exemplary pump controller 128 is shown in FIGS. 94-100. Theexemplary pump controller includes a body 140. The body 140 bounds aninterior area 142. The exemplary body further includes a removable cover144. Cover 144 is held in the closed position by releasable fastenerswhich are not separately shown. In the exemplary arrangement removingthe fasteners and opening the cover enables a user to gain access to theinterior area 142 which houses numerous different components andconnectors as later discussed.

The exemplary body further includes a circular external recess 146thereon. The external recess 146 is sized to have releasably engagedtherein a disc-shaped button pad 148. The exemplary button pad 148includes at least one manually actuatable button 150. As represented inFIG. 99, the button pad 148 is connectable to pump control circuitryhoused in the interior area 142 of the pump controller through aconnector 152. Of course in other exemplary arrangements otherelectrical connectors may be used.

The exemplary body 140 further includes a pair of access openings 154.Access openings 154 extend through the body to the interior area. Accessopenings 154 of the exemplary arrangement enable the connection ofsuitable conduits or other electrical connections to the pumpcontroller. This includes for example, the electrical connections to thecontactor 130 previously discussed.

The exemplary body further includes a flowmeter connector 156. Theflowmeter connector 156 is configured to be in operative electricalconnection with the flowmeter 132 and to receive the signalscorresponding to the water flow in the conduit. In the exemplaryarrangement the body includes a temperature sensor connector 158. In theexemplary arrangement the temperature sensor 134 is positioned withinthe body 140 and is operative to sense ambient temperature in the areaof the body. In other exemplary arrangements the temperature sensor maybe positioned to sense the temperature in other locations. For examplein some arrangements the temperature sensor may be positioned within acommon fluid fitting body 160 with the flowmeter. As a result in such analternative exemplary arrangement the flowmeter signals from theflowmeter and the temperature signals from the temperature sensor may bedelivered to the respective connectors through a common releasableconnector plug 162. Of course it should be understood that thisarrangement is exemplary and in other arrangements other approaches maybe used.

The exemplary body 140 further includes a leak sensor connector 164.Connector 164 is configured to be in operative electrical connectionwith the at least one leak sensor 136. In the exemplary arrangement theleak sensor connector 164 is configured to be engageable with a point ofcontact type leak detector 166 like that shown in FIG. 94. The point ofcontact leak detector 166 is operative to detect water in a single leaklocation. The point of contact leak detector 166 is releasablyengageable with the leak sensor connector 164 through a releasableconnector plug 168. In the exemplary arrangement the leak sensorconnector 164 is alternative connectable to a rope type leak detector170. The rope type leak detector 170 has an elongated flexible body andis operative to provide leak detection signals whenever water isdetected anywhere along its length. Leak detector 170 is releasablyengageable with the leak sensor connector 164 through a releasableconnector plug 172. Of course it should be understood that these leakdetectors are exemplary and in other arrangements other approaches maybe used.

The exemplary pump controller 128 further includes a connector base 174.The connector base 174 extends at the bottom of the body 140. Theexemplary connector base includes an external fluid port 176 as bestshown in FIG. 97. The external fluid port 176 is engageable in fluidtight connection with the pressure sensing conduit line 138. In theexemplary arrangement the connector base 174 includes wrench flats orother tool engaging surfaces to facilitate the engagement anddisengagement of the pressure sensing conduit with the connector base.The exemplary connector base is engageable with the body in any angularorientation throughout a 360° range.

The connector base 174 is held in releasable operative connection withthe body 140 through a removable release nut 178. In the exemplaryarrangement the release nut 178 includes an annular internal threadedportion 180. The body 140 includes an annular externally threaded nippleportion 182. The release nut 178 is in threaded engagement with thenipple portion 182. The exemplary connector base 174 includes a radiallyoutward extending cylindrical flange 184. The cylindrical flange 184 isheld in attached operative engagement with the body 140 by being held insandwiched relation between the release nut 178 and a lower annularsurface 186 of the nipple portion 182.

A pressure sensor 188 is releasably positioned in the interior area 142of the body 140. The pressure sensor 188 includes a pressure sensor body190. The pressure sensor 190 is configured to be removably positioned ina pocket 192 in the interior area. The exemplary pocket 192 is agenerally cylindrical pocket which extends in the nipple portion 182.The pocket is bounded by an annular wall 194 which is sized to receivean upper cylindrical portion 196 of the pressure sensor therein. Anannular portion 198 extends on the outer surface of the uppercylindrical portion 196 and engages the inner surface of the annularwall 194 of the body 140.

The exemplary pressure sensor body further includes a cylindrical lowersensor body portion 200. Lower sensor body portion 200 extends in acylindrical base chamber 242 that extends in the connector base 174.Sensor body portion 200 includes an annular resilient seal 244 thereon.Seal 244 provides fluid tight engagement between the lower sensor bodyportion 200 and the base chamber 242. The lower sensor body portionfurther includes a pressure sense area 246. In the exemplary arrangementthe pressure sense area 246 includes a lower circular face with anaperture 248 therein. The exemplary aperture 248 of the exemplarypressure sense area 246 is in operative fluid connection with a pressuredetecting element 250 of the pressure sensor 188. The pressure sensingelement includes a resilient barrier 252 on the lower face thereof thatis exposed to the aperture 248. The exemplary barrier 252 enables thepressure detecting element 250 to detect the pressure acting on thepressure sense area 246 without the element being directly exposed towater or other substances. Of course it should be understood that thisconfiguration is exemplary and in other arrangements other approachesmay be used.

As can be appreciated, in the exemplary arrangement the pressure sensor188 is enabled to detect the fluid pressure in the water conduit 110.This is achieved by the fluid pressure acting through the pressuresensing conduit line 138 which is fluidly connected to the externalfluid port 176 and the base chamber 242. A useful aspect of theexemplary configuration is that the pressure sensor 188 is enabled to bechanged without the need to disconnect the pressure sensing conduit line138 from the connector base 174. In the event that the pressure sensormalfunctions, a service person may access the pressure sensor 188 bydisengaging the release nut 178 from the nipple portion 182 of the body140. The connector base 174 may be disengaged from the lower sensor bodyportion 200 so that the pressure sensor 188 is exposed and accessible atthe bottom of the nipple portion 182. After disconnecting an electricalconnector 254 to the pressure sensor in the interior area 142, thepressure sensor 188 may be removed from the pocket 192. A new pressuresensor 188 may then be installed in the pocket 192 and its respectiveelectrical connector 254 reconnected to the connector in the bodyinterior area. The connector base 174 which remains connected to thepressure sensing conduit line 138 may then be reengaged with the newpressure sensor in fluid tight engagement, and the release nut 178reengaged with the external threads of the nipple portion 182.

The ability of the exemplary arrangement to enable a service person tochange the pressure sensor without the need to disconnect the pressuresensing conduit line 138, and without the need for extensivemanipulation of the pressure sensor within the interior area of the pumpcontroller, facilitates servicing of the unit. This capability of theexemplary arrangement further enables clearing of the pressure sensingconduit line of debris and other service functions that may benecessary. Of course it should be understood that this configuration isexemplary and in other arrangements other approaches may be used.

FIG. 100 shows schematically the control circuitry associated with theexemplary pump controller for the water management system. The exemplaryarrangement includes at least one pump control circuit 258. Theexemplary pump control circuit includes one or more circuits that areoperative to communicate electrical signals to control the well waterpump 106. In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump controllerincludes at least one circuit including a processor which isschematically indicated 260. At least one data store 262 is in operativeconnection with the processor. In exemplary arrangements the processormay include a processor suitable for carrying out circuit executableinstructions that are stored in the one or more associated data stores.The processor includes or is in connection with a nonvolatile storagemedium including instructions that include a basic input/output system(BIOS). For example, the processor may correspond to one or more orcombination of a CPU, FPGA, ASIC or other integrated circuit or othertype of circuit that is capable of processing data and circuitexecutable instructions. The data stores may correspond to one or moreof volatile or nonvolatile memories such as random access memory, flashmemory, magnetic memory, optical memory, solid state memory or otherdevices and mediums that are operative to store circuit executableinstructions and data. Circuit executable instructions may includeinstructions in any of a plurality of programming languages and formats,including without limitation routines, subroutines, programs, threads ofexecution, scripts, objects, methodologies and functions which carry outthe actions such as those that are described herein. Structures forprocessors and circuitry may include, correspond to and utilize theprinciples described in the textbook entitled MicroprocessorArchitecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085 by Ramesh S.Gaonker (Prentice Hall, 2002) which is incorporated herein by referencein its entirety.

The exemplary data stores used in connection with exemplary arrangementsmay include any one or more of several types of mediums suitable forholding circuit executable instructions. These may include for examplemagnetic media, optical media, solid-state media or other types of mediasuch as RAM, ROM, PROMs, flash memory, computer hard drives or any otherform of non-transitory storage medium suitable for holding data andcircuit executable instructions. Exemplary pump controllers may furtherinclude other components such as hardware and/or software interfaces forcommunication with the components of the water management system andother external systems.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuitincludes a system clock schematically indicated 264. The exemplary clockis usable to carry out timer and other functions as later describedherein. Further, in the exemplary arrangement the pump controllerincludes a wireless portal 266. The wireless portal 266 is configured toenable the pump controller to communicate with the master controller orother remote wireless device in a manner similar to the slavecontrollers described herein. As can be appreciated in the exemplaryarrangement the wireless portal 266 is operative to communicate with themaster controller information regarding the status of the devices towhich the pump controller is connected. The wireless portal also enablesthe exemplary pump controller to operate responsive to instructionsincluded in communications that are sent to the pump controller by thewireless controller. Of course it should be understood that thisarrangement is exemplary and other arrangements the pump controller maybe operated as a standalone device or in conjunction with other systemcomponents.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuitincludes respective interfaces for the devices to which the controlcircuit is connected. An interface 268 is used to enable the controlcircuit to interface with the pressure sensor 188. An interface 270enables the control circuit to communicate with the flowmeter 132 toreceive the flowmeter signals. A suitable interface 272 enables the pumpcontrol circuit to receive the temperature signals from the temperaturesensor 134. The leak detector 136 is in operative communication with thepump control circuit through an interface 274.

The pump control circuit 258 also has an interface 276 that enables thecontrol circuit to control the pump condition through communication withthe contactor 130. In the exemplary arrangement the contactor 130includes internal circuitry that generates power draw signals thatcorresponds to the power that is currently being drawn by the motor ofthe water well pump. In the exemplary arrangement the at least onecontrol circuit is in operative connection with an interface 278 thatenables the control circuitry to receive the power draw signals from thecontactor. In the exemplary arrangement a suitable power draw connector280 is provided in the interior area 142 that enables the controlcircuit to receive the power draw signals. In other exemplaryarrangements a power wire to the pump motor may be routed through acircular current sensing donut. The coil windings of the donut areenabled to detect a level of motor current draw via inductance signalsthat are produced in the donut coil windings. The signals that areindicative of the motor current draw at that moment in time comprisepower draw signals that are received by the control circuitry. In somearrangements the current sensing donut may be mounted within the pumpcontroller body 140. The exemplary button pad 148 and the at least onebutton 150 thereon, are also in operative connection with the at leastone pump control circuit. Of course it should be understood that thesedevices and arrangements are exemplary, and in other water managementsystems other devices and arrangements may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one data store 262 that isassociated with the at least one pump control circuit 258 includescircuit executable instructions and data that are utilized in connectionwith controlling the operation of the exemplary water well pump 106. Asshown in FIG. 101, in the exemplary arrangement the at least one controlcircuit is operative responsive to the signals from the pressure sensor188 that are indicative of the fluid pressure in the water conduit 110.The pump control circuit is operative to monitor the pressure signals asrepresented in a step 282. The least one data store includes pressuredata including at least one pressure limit. In the exemplary arrangementthe at least one pressure limit includes a high pressure limit and a lowpressure limit. The low pressure limit corresponds to a condition wherethe pressure in the holding tank 116 and consequently in the waterconduit 110 has fallen to a level where the holding tank needs to bereplenished. The high pressure limit corresponds to a condition wherethe pressure in the holding tank 116 and the water conduit correspondsto a normal maximum operating pressure. Of course this arrangement isexemplary and other arrangements other approaches may be used.

As represented by a step 284 when the at least one pump control circuitdetermines that the pressure is at or below the low pressure limit, thelogic proceeds to a step 286. At step 286 the pump control circuit isoperative to determine if a shut off status has been set for the pump.As discussed hereafter, a shut off status may be set as a result of theexistence of a number of different conditions. If it is determined thata shut off status has been set in a step 288 the pump control circuitcontinues to monitor the pressure and takes no further action. If it isdetermined in step 288 that no pump shut off status has been set, thepump control circuit causes the pump condition to run at a step 290 sothat the pump is in a pumping condition. The pump controller operates tomonitor the pressure as the pump operates, to determine when thepressure has risen to be at or above the high pressure limit. When thepressure reaches the high pressure limit as represented in a step 292,the pump control circuit operates to cause the pump condition to be in anot pumping condition as represented in a step 294. The pump thenreturns to monitoring the pressure so that the cycle can be repeated thenext time that the pressure falls to at or below the low pressure limit.

In an exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuit 258 isoperative to monitor the water management system for number of differentconditions. One of the conditions monitored is the temperature of theenvironment in which the system is operated. In the exemplaryarrangement the at least one data store includes data corresponding to alow temperature limit. The data corresponding to the low temperaturelimit in the exemplary arrangement corresponds to a temperature at whichthe water may freeze and cause leaks or other damage to the system. Theexemplary system operates automatically to avoid these risks that mayresult from exposure to low temperatures.

As represented in FIG. 102 the at least one control circuit 258 operatesas represented in a step 296 to receive the temperature signals from thetemperature sensor 134. If the temperature signals fall to a level whichindicates that the temperature that is detected is at or below thestored low temperature limit as represented by step 298, the pumpcontrol circuit operates to set a shut off status as reflected at a step1344. Setting shut off status operates to cause the pump condition tochange to the not pumping condition if the pump is running, and toprevent the pump condition from changing to a pumping condition if thepump is in a pump not running condition.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuit thatoperates in accordance with its programed instructions to send at leastone wireless message through the wireless portal 266 to indicate that alow temperature condition has been detected and the pump is in a shutoff condition. This is represented by step 1346. At a step 1348 thelogic waits for a reset instruction. In some exemplary arrangements areset instruction may be provided by the at least one pump controlcircuit operating in accordance with its programed instructions. Thismay occur for example responsive to sensing an increase in temperature.Alternatively or in addition a reset instruction may be received from amaster controller or by one or more inputs provided through a serviceinterface. Responsive to receiving a reset instruction as represented ina step 1350, the at least one pump control circuit operates in a step1352 to clear the shut off status and return to normal operation. Ofcourse it should be understood that this temperature sensing logic isexemplary and other arrangements other approaches may be used.

FIG. 103 is a schematic representation of the control logic associatedwith leak detection as carried out through operation of the at least onepump control circuit. In the exemplary arrangement the at least onecontrol circuit is operative to monitor for signals indicative of awater leak from the at least one the detector. This is represented by astep 1354. When a leak is detected as represented by step 1356 the atleast one control circuit is operative to set a shut off status asrepresented by step 1358 and to report the condition to the mastercontroller through the wireless portal as represented by step 1360. Theexemplary logic then waits for receipt of a reset instruction asrepresented by step 1362. Responsive to receiving the reset instructionat a step 1364 the pump control circuit is operative to clear the statusas represented by step 1366 and the leak detection logic continues tomonitor for leaks.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuit isfurther operative to monitor the power draw of the electric motor thatoperates the water well pump 106. In the exemplary arrangement the atleast one data store 262 includes data corresponding to a power drawlimit. The motor drawing power at or above power draw limit isindicative of the water well pump motor drawing a level of power whichis indicative of a problem or other malfunction.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuitoperates to monitor for the pump condition corresponding to the pumpingcondition. This is represented by a step 1368. When it is determined ina step 1370 that the pump condition corresponds to a pumping condition,the at least one control circuit operates to monitor the power drawsignals, which in the exemplary arrangement are received from thecontactor 130. This is represented by step 1372. If in step 1374 it isdetermined that the power draw is at or above the power draw limit, thepump control circuit makes an excess power draw determination.Responsive at least in part to this determination the control circuit isoperative to set a shut down status as represented by step 1376 and thecondition is reported as represented by step 1378. The exemplary powercontrol circuit then waits for reset instruction as represented by step1380 and when a reset instruction is received as represented in step1382, the status is cleared as represented by step 1384.

In some exemplary water management systems problems may arise whichcause the water well pump to turn on and off more often than isdesirable. Such frequent cycling activity may shorten the pump life andcause other problems in the system. Such problems may be indicative ofimproper settings of the data corresponding to high and low pressurelimits that are stored in the data store, or conditions within thesystem that cause a frequent loss of pressure such as a check valvefailure, the failure of an internal bladder of a pressure tank, a leakor other undesirable conditions. To help guard against the undesirableshort cycle times of the water well pump, the exemplary at least onedata store includes data corresponding to a short cycle time which isindicative of a possible problem.

As schematically represented in FIG. 105, in the exemplary arrangementthe at least one pump control circuit is operative to monitor theoperational condition of the water well pump as represented by step1386. In a step 1388 it is determined that the pump control circuit hascaused the water well pump to begin operation. The commencement of pumpoperation is operative to cause the pump control circuit responsive tothe clock, to determine an elapsed time that the pump has been runningas represented in a step 1390. The stoppage of the operation of the pumpis detected as represented in a step 1392 and the duration that the pumpoperated is stored as represented in a step 1394. The duration ofelapsed time operation of the water well pump in the most recent cycleis compared to the data corresponding to the short cycle time in the atleast one data store as represented in a step 1396. If the comparison isoperative to determine that the pump run time is at or below the shortcycle time, the exemplary pump control circuitry is operative to thencheck the duration of one or more preceding cycles as represented bystep 1398.

In some exemplary arrangements the circuit executable instructionsassociated with the at least one pump control circuit are operative toidentify a short cycling problem if two consecutive pump cycles have anelapsed duration that is less than the short cycle time. In otherexemplary arrangements more than two prior cycles may be required tohave duration at or below the short cycle time before a problem isindicated. In other exemplary arrangements a short cycle time problemmay be indicated based on averaging a duration of a greater number ofpump cycles or by evaluating a trend in the duration of pump cycles.Numerous different approaches may be utilized in exemplary arrangementsfor purposes of identifying a short cycling problem associated with thesystem.

In the exemplary arrangement as represented by a step 1524, the at leastone control circuit is operative to make a short cycle determinationthat a plurality of pump runtime cycles have had an elapsed durationthat is at or below the short cycle time. Responsive to thisdetermination as represented by step 1526, the pump control circuit isoperative to set a shut down status and report the condition asrepresented by step 1528. In a step 1530 the logic waits for receipt ofa reset instruction. When a reset instruction is received as representedby a step 1532 the control circuit is operative to clear the status asrepresented by step 1534 and the logic returns to normal operation.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pump control circuit isalso operative to monitor the elapsed runtime of the pump in each cycleto determine if the runtime is in excess of a long cycle time limit.Data corresponding to a long pump cycle time that is indicative of aproblem is stored in the at least one data store 262. In circumstanceswhere the control circuit is operative to determine that the pumpruntime is at or above the long cycle limit, the control circuit isoperative to shut down pump operation to avoid damage so that theproblem causing the condition can be remedied. As represented in FIG.107 the at least one pump control circuit is operative to monitor forpump operation as represented by step 1536. As represented by a step1538 the start of the pump cycle is detected and the control circuitryoperates responsive to the clock to determine the elapsed time that thepump has been running as represented by step 1540.

As represented by step 1542 a determination is made concerning whetherthe elapsed time of pump operation in the particular cycle is at orabove the long cycle time stored in the data store. If the cycle time isbelow the set limit in the step 1542 the control circuit monitors forthe pump ceasing operation as represented by step 1544. If theparticular pump cycle is below the long cycle limit, the at least onecontrol circuit then waits for the next pump cycle.

If in step 1542 the elapsed time that the pump has been running in thecurrent cycle is at or above the long cycle time corresponding to thedata in the at least one data store, the at least one control circuitoperates to set a shut down status as represented by a step 1546. Thelong cycle time determination by the at least one pump control circuitis reported as represented by step 1548. The pump control circuit thenwaits for a reset as represented by a step 1550. When a reset isreceived as represented by step 1552 the status is cleared asrepresented by step 1554 and the logic returns to normal operation.

The exemplary at least one pump control circuit is also operative tomonitor flow conditions to detect problems or malfunctions. Suchmalfunctions may be indicated as a result of high flow conditions, whichare detectable through operation of the flowmeter 132. Such high flowconditions may be representative of a water line break or other abnormalcondition. The exemplary at least one data store 262 includes datacorresponding to a high flow limit which is indicative of a problem.Under certain circumstances a low-flow condition may also be indicativeof a problem. Such a low flow condition may be indicative of a blockedpump inlet, broken valve or other undesirable condition. In theexemplary arrangement the at least one data store further includes datacorresponding to a low-flow limit which is indicative of a problem whichhas occurred in the water management system. Of course this approach isexemplary and in other arrangements the at least one data store mayinclude data corresponding to a plurality of high and low limits whichare indicative of various conditions and which may be analyzed and usedto determine operational conditions associated with the particularsystem.

FIG. 108 schematically represents the logic flow associated withdetermining a high flow condition which is representative of a problemwith the system. In the exemplary arrangement the at least one pumpcontrol circuit is operative to monitor the flowmeter signals which areindicative of the flow in the water conduit. This is represented by astep 1556. As represented by step 1558, a determination is madeconcerning whether the flow is at or above the data corresponding to thehigh flow limit stored in the at least one data store. If the flow is ator above the high flow limit, a determination is then made at step 1560concerning whether the pump control circuit is currently causing thewell water pump to operate. If the control circuit is causing the pumpto operate, the pump is stopped as represented by a step 1562

After the at least one pump control circuit has determined that the flowis at or above the high flow limit, a pump shut down status is set asrepresented by step 1564 and the condition is reported remotely throughthe wireless portal as represented by step 1566. The control circuitthen waits for reset instructions as represented by step 1568, and whena reset instruction is received as represented by a step 1570, thestatus condition is cleared at a step 1572 and the logic returns tonormal operation.

An exemplary low flow condition is represented schematically by thelogic shown in FIG. 109. The at least one pump control circuit isoperative to monitor pump operation as represented by step 1574.Operation of the pump is detected as represented by a step 1576 and theflow based on the flowmeter signals are monitored as represented by step1578. At a step 1580 the amount of flow is compared to the datacorresponding to the low-flow limit in the at least one data store. Ifthe detected flow is above the low limit, the pump control circuitmonitors for the pump to cease operation as represented by a step 1582while the pump continues operation.

However if in step 1580 the detected flow is at or below the low flowlimit, the at least one control circuit is operative to cause the shutdown status to be set as represented by step 1584 and the condition isreported as represented by the step 1586. The exemplary control logicthen proceeds to wait for a reset instruction as represented by step1588. When the reset instruction is received as represented in a step1590, the control circuit operates to clear the status at step 1592 andthe control logic returns to normal operation.

Of course it should be understood that the control logic described isexemplary and is only presented at a high schematic level. In otherexemplary arrangements additional features, functions and capabilitiesmay be carried out through the exemplary control logic.

In the exemplary arrangement the at least one manually actuatable button150 on the button pad 148 is usable to provide manual inputs to the pumpcontroller. Manual actuation of the button 150 is operative to changethe pump condition. As a result manual actuation of the button isoperative to cause the pump when in the not pumping condition to changeto the pumping condition, and vice versa. Thus the exemplary arrangementallows the user to manually change the pump condition which may bedesirable for purposes of testing the water well pump operation and orenabling a manual shut off in an emergency or other circumstances.

Further in exemplary arrangements, the pump controller is operableresponsive to instructions and communications from the mastercontroller. In exemplary arrangements this may include instructionswhich cause the stored data corresponding to set limits and otheroperational parameters to be stored in the at least one data store 262.As a result wireless communications from the master controller enablesetting of the parameters which cause changes in the operationalcondition of the pump controller. Further in exemplary arrangements theparameters such as temperature, flow, pressure, power draw, pump cycletimes and other operational information regarding the pump controllermay be communicated to the master controller for purposes of monitoringand evaluating the operation of the pump controller. This may enable themaster controller to determine circumstances that corresponds toconditions which necessitate changing the operation of the pumpcontroller and/or the water well pump or other connected devices.

In exemplary arrangements messages communicated with the mastercontroller may also be operative to control the pump condition. Furtherin exemplary arrangements the master controller may be operative tocommunicate with a portable user device of the types discussed herein,to provide information regarding the condition of the water well pumpand/or the pump controller. Such messages include data corresponding tothe current pump condition so that the condition may be output from theuser device and reviewed by user. Further, in some exemplaryarrangements wireless user device messages which are communicated by theportable user device to the master controller may be operative to changethe pump condition. For example, in some exemplary arrangements a usermay review information concerning the status of the pump controllerand/or the current pump condition, and make a determination that theuser wishes to not have the water well pump operate. The user byproviding inputs to the portable user device causes wireless user devicecommunications with the master controller. The master controller thenoperates in accordance with its programmed instructions to communicatewireless messages to the pump controller so as to maintain the waterwell pump in the not pumping condition. Of course these approaches areexemplary and in other arrangements other approaches including thosedescribed herein in connection with other arrangements may be utilized.

FIG. 17 shows an example of a liquid management system 500 that includesa slave sensor assembly 540 having a salt sensor 510 for use in a brinetank 512. Such a brine tank may be operative to supply a brine solutionto a water softener 220 during the regeneration phase of the softener.Example arrangements of a brine sensor in a brine tank that is connectedto a water softener that may have one or more of the features describedherein are shown in U.S. Application No. 61/986,423 filed Apr. 30, 2014which is incorporated hereby by reference in its entirety.

As shown in FIG. 17, the described slave sensor assembly 540 may includeat least one slave controller 502 and may be in operative connectionwith a salt sensor that is operative to determine data based on a levelof salt in the brine tank. As discussed previously, the slave controllermay include at least one processor 504, a data store 506, and a slavewireless communication device 508. The slave wireless communicationdevice 508 enables the slave controller 502 of the slave sensor assemblyto wirelessly communicate messages with the master controller. Themaster controller is thus operative to wirelessly receive messages fromthe slave controller that include data based on the level of salt in thebrine tank 512. Responsive to the messages from slave sensor assembly,the master controller may be operative to send wireless communicationsto the user interface device 302 that cause the display device of theuser interface device to output visual data based on the level of saltin the brine tank.

In an example embodiment, the salt sensor may be configured to make abinary determination regarding the salt level, such as whether the levelof salt is or is not low. The master controller may be configured toquery the slave sensor assembly in a manner that causes the slave sensorassembly to return data regarding whether the level of salt is low or isnot low. One or more visual outputs on the display screen of the userinterface device 302 may similarly reflect whether the level of salt inthe brine tank is low or is not low. When the level of salt is low, theuse interface device 302 may be configured to display a warning messagethat encourages a user to add more salt to the brine tank.

However, it should also be appreciated that in alternative embodiments,the salt sensor 510 may be operative to detect more detailed informationsuch as data that indicates a relative level of how much salt iscurrently remaining in the brine tank (e.g., a full level of salt, amedium level of salt, and a low level of salt). In this alternativeembodiment, the slave sensor assembly may be operative to send messagesto the master controller that include data based on the detected amountof salt, and the user interface may be operative to output indicia on adisplay that is indicative of several different levels of the amount ofsalt in the brine tank.

Also, in another example embodiment, the master controller may beoperative to determine an estimate of the amount of salt that remains inthe brine tank responsive to the number of regeneration cycles that havebeen carried out by the water softener. Further, a water managementapplication operating in the user interface device may enable a use toinput to the user interface device data indicative of the amount of saltthat is added each time the brine tank is filled with additional salt.The master controller may be operative to use this data to moreaccurately determine the amount of salt that is used to carry outregeneration processes before the salt sensor indicates that the levelof salt is low. With this additional data, the master controller may beoperative to provide a user interface with a relatively more accurateindication regarding the remaining level of salt in a brine tank. Also,the master controller may be operative to send communications to thewireless user interface device and/or to a portable user device (such asmessages via SMS and/or email) to warn a user when salt may need to beadded before the salt sensor indicates that the level of salt in thebrine tank is low. The amount of time such a warning is provided beforethe level of salt is indicated to be low by the salt sensor may be aparameter that is configurable by the user interface device for themaster controller.

However, it should be understood that while in some embodiments thebrine sensor may operate in connection with a separate slave assemblythat communicates with the master controller, in other embodiments thebrine sensor may be integrated with the slave assembly associated withthe water softener. In such embodiments, the slave controller associatedwith the motor, valve, water meter and other components of the watersoftener may also be in operative connection with the brine sensor. Insuch embodiments, the slave controller associated with the watersoftener is operative to communicate messages including data forresponding to data sensed through operation of the brine sensor inmessages communicated from the slave controller of the water softener tothe master controller. Of course these approaches are exemplary and itshould be understood that various embodiments may include slavecontrollers that are associated with numerous different sensors andcontrol devices while in other arrangements sensors may be combined withtransceivers to provide sensing communications that may be usable by themaster controller in connection with carrying out different activities.

In another example as illustrated in FIG. 17, a further slave sensorassembly 542 which is alternatively referred to herein as a slavecontroller, may include or be in operative connection with a sensor inthe form of a moisture sensor 516. The master controller may beoperative responsive to messages from the transceiver associated withthe moisture sensor (which messages indicate the presence of moisture)to cause the user interface device 302 to display a warning messageindicating that water has been detected in a basement or other locationbeing monitored by the moisture sensor. In some embodiments, the mastercontroller may be operative to automatically cause programmed correctiveactions to be taken in response to such a message, such as causing theslave valve assembly 240 associated with the water softener 220 to shutoff water to the water network of the house.

As discussed previously, each exemplary slave sensor assembly mayinclude a data store 506 that includes function data 514 that indicatesthe type of sensor that the slave sensor assembly is associated with andother associated data. In these examples of slave sensor assemblies, thefunction data may, for example, be indicative of a salt sensor, amoisture sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and electrical powersensor or other data that describes the type of sensor that isassociated with the slave sensor assembly.

It should also be appreciated that the master controller may beoperative to indicate status information regarding sensors and otherdevices through output devices 218 other than the described userinterface device 302. For example, other types of output devices mayinclude a sound output device (e.g., buzzer, beeper) and/or a lightdisplay device (e.g., LED warning lights). Such output devices may be inwired connection with the master controller and/or a slave assembly, andthe master controller may be operative to cause the output device tooutput a sound or light responsive to the status data associated withthe master controller and/or one or more slave assemblies.

In addition, it should be appreciated that the master controller may beoperative to wirelessly interface with an output device 218 which maynot include a slave controller of the dedicated system type as describedherein. For example, the output device may correspond to Wi-Fi or aBluetooth controllable LED light bulb. Such a light bulb may beoperative to turn on, turn off, and/or change colors responsive to Wi-Fior Bluetooth signals. In an example embodiment, the master controllermay be configurable in order to access the LED light bulb and cause theLED light bulb to turn on, turn off, and/or change colors responsive towireless Wi-Fi or Bluetooth messages from the master controller. As insome exemplary systems there may be more than one LED light bulb that isavailable to be controlled in this manner, the master controller may becapable of being configured via a pairing process or other configurationprocess to selectively control one or more of the LED light bulbs.

For example, the master controller may be configurable to cause such anLED light bulb (or other wireless output device) to flash on/off, changeto a particular color (e.g., yellow or red) based on status dataindicative of a slave assembly indicating a problem or a need formaintenance. For example, when the slave sensor assembly associated witha salt sensor outputs data indicative of a low salt level (or the mastercontroller determines via calculations in view of regeneration cyclesthat salt is low or close to being low), the master controller may beconfigured to wirelessly cause a particular LED light bulb in a kitchen(or other high traffic area) to turn from outputting white light tooutputting a different color such as yellow or red, which notifiessomeone in the house that it is time to add more salt to the brine tank.Also, when the slave sensor assembly associated with a salt sensordetects that the salt level is no longer low (or a user has provided anindication to the user interface that salt has been added to the brinetank), the master controller may be configured to wirelessly cause thesame LED light bulb to return to its normal operation (i.e., outputtingwhite light).

As discussed previously, example embodiments of the liquid managementsystem may include relays that are operative to control electrical powerto one or more devices. Such relays may be configured as part of slaveassemblies (sometimes referred to herein as a slave relay assembly 1420as illustrated in FIG. 13).

FIG. 18 shows an example of a liquid management system 600 that includesa slave relay assembly 640 having a relay 610 for use with controllingelectrical power to an electric device such as a pump 612. Such a pumpmay correspond to a water pump such as a well pump, sump pump,irrigation pump or any other type of pump that moves water into and/orout of a reservoir 616.

As shown in FIG. 18, the described slave relay assembly 640 may includeat least one slave controller 602, at least one processor 604, a datastore 606 with function data 614, and a slave wireless communicationdevice 608. The slave wireless communication device 608 enables theslave controller 602 of the slave relay assembly to wirelesslycommunicate messages with the master controller. The master controlleris thus operative to wirelessly send messages to the slave relayassembly 640 that cause the slave controller 602 to control the relay610 to change its electrical condition in supplying power to anelectrical device. In this example the slave controller operates to turnon and turn off the pump 612.

In an example embodiment, the master controller may be configured tocontrol the pump responsive to messages received from slave sensorassemblies 642 that provides data that triggers when to turn on or offthe pump. For example, a sump may include a slave sensor assembly 642 inoperative connection with a sensor 644 in connection with a water levelfloat mechanism. The float may detect a water level in the reservoirassociated with the sump pump.

The slave sensor assembly 642 may send messages to the master controller1020 representative of when the water level is at a sufficient height torequire water to be pumped out of the reservoir 616. The mastercontroller 1020 may be configured to cause the slave relay assembly 640associated with the sump pump 612 to turn on the sump pump when messagesindicating such a high water level are received from the slave sensorassembly associated with the float of the sump pump. Correspondingly,when the slave sensor assembly 642 associated with the float of the sumppump sends messages to the master controller 1020 indicating that thewater level has been sufficiently lowered in the reservoir 616, themaster controller may be operative to cause the slave relay assemblyassociated with the sump pump to turn off.

By placing a sump pump under the control of the described mastercontroller, the master controller may be operative to detect problemsassociated with the sump pump and/or float sensor and report suchproblems to a user (via the user interface device, or a portable userdevice via SMS message and/or e-mail). An example of a problem that maybe detected by the master controller may be a stuck float sensor thatcontinuously outputs an indication of a high water level (even when thewater level is low). The example master controller may operate based onits programming and/or other sensors such as moisture sensors todetermine that the float sensor may be improperly indicating a highlevel when the float level fails to report a low water level after apredetermined amount of time of pump operation.

In another example, a well water pump may need to be controlled based ona pressure sensor of a water holding tank. In this example, the slavesensor assembly 642 may be in operative connection with a sensor such asthe pressure sensor 644 located in a reservoir 616 such as a holdingtank. The slave sensor assembly 642 operates to communicate messageswith the master controller 1020 that indicate when the pressure in theholding tank has fallen below a predetermined threshold. Responsive tosuch messages the master controller 1020 may be operative to sendmessages to a slave relay assembly 640 associated with the well pump toturn on in order to fill the tank with additional water.Correspondingly, when the slave sensor assembly 642 associated with thepressure sensor sends messages to the master controller 1020 indicatingthat the pressure level has risen above a predetermined threshold, themaster controller may be operative to cause the slave relay assemblyassociated with the well pump to turn off.

By placing a well pump under the control of the described mastercontroller, the master controller may be operative to detect problemsassociated with the well pump and/or pressure sensor and report suchproblems to a use (via the user interface device, or portable userdevice or via SMS message and/or e-mail). An example of a problem thatmay be detected by the programming associated with an exemplary mastercontroller may be a broken well pump. The example master controller maydetermine that the well pump is broken responsive at least in part tothe pressure sensor failing to show an increase in pressure after thewell pump has been commanded by the master controller to operate for apredetermined amount of time.

As discussed previously, each exemplary slave relay assembly may includea slave controller with a data store 506 that includes function data 514that indicates the type of relay and/or device that the slave relayassembly is associated with. In these examples, the function data may,for example, be indicative of a sump pump, well pump, or other type ofpump. Similarly, the slave sensor assembly associated with the reservoirthat is filled or emptied by operating the pump, may include functiondata indicative that the sensor is a sump float sensor, a water storagetank pressure sensor or other data that describes the type of sensorthat is associated with the slave sensor assembly.

FIG. 19 illustrates another configuration of a liquid management system700 that includes a slave relay assembly 740. In this example the slaverelay assembly is in operative connection with an electrical devicewhich a user may wish to automatically turn on or off in someconditions, or a user may wish to remotely be able to turn on and off.For example, the relay assembly may be in operative connection with arelay 710 that is configured to control electrical power to an electricwater heater 712. Also, as with other exemplary slave assemblies, theslave relay assembly 740 may include at least one slave controller 702,at least one processor 704, a data store 706 which includes functiondata 714 (indicative of a water heater relay and/or other program oroperation data), and a slave wireless communication device 708. In thisexample, the processor executable instructions of the user interfacedevice may include a water management application 714. The computerexecutable instructions of the application cause the at least oneprocessor of the user interface device, to cause the user interfacedevice to send wireless communications to the master controller 1020.The master controller may be responsive to the messages from the userinterface device to send wireless messages to the slave relay assembly702 that cause a relay 710 in operative connection with the slave relayassembly to either turn electrical power on or off to the water heater.Thus, the user interface device is operative to remotely turn the waterheater off and on.

In alternative exemplary arrangements, the master controller may beoperative to cause the slave controller associated with the relaydelivering power to the water heater to cease delivering such power incircumstances where continued operation of the water heater may beharmful. For example, in some exemplary arrangements, the loss of waterflow due to a broken pipe, pump failure or other conditions may cause aninability to deliver water to the water heater. In such circumstances,the master controller may operate responsive to messages sent bytransceivers associated with sensors, messages sent by slave assembliesor other appropriate sensing devices to make a determination based onits programming that conditions exist that make it desirable to removeelectrical power from the water heater. In these circumstances themaster controller will operate in accordance with its programming tocommunicate messages with the slave controller associated with the relayfor the water heater to cause electrical power to be withdrawn from thewater heater.

Further, in other exemplary arrangements, the master controller mayoperate to automatically withdraw power from a water heater or otherelectrical power consuming devices responsive to other conditions. Forexample, electrical power sensors associated with transceivers may beoperative to detect a brownout condition occurring at the house or otherbuilding where the water heater or other electrical device is located.In order to reduce possible problems and/or to reduce electricalconsumption during such conditions, the master controller may operateresponsive to the messages communicated with the transceiver associatedwith the brownout sensor to cause electrical power to be withdrawn fromcertain electrical devices. This is accomplished by the mastercontroller causing wireless messages to be sent to the slave controllersassociated with the electrical devices, causing the relays todiscontinue delivering electrical power thereto. Further as can beappreciated, exemplary master controllers may operate responsive tomessages from the brownout sensor indicating that power has been fullyrestored to operate to send wireless messages to the slave assembliesassociated with the relays to cause the relays to restore power to thewater heater or other electrical devices.

In still other exemplary arrangements, messages indicative of brownoutconditions may be operative to cause the master controller tocommunicate wireless messages to the user interface device and/or theportable user device such as a smart phone associated with a user toindicate the occurrence of the condition. Outputs from such devicesoperated by a user may inform the user of the condition. The user maythen be given the option to provide inputs to the user interface of thedevice such that the user can then cause the master controller towithdraw electrical power therefrom. It should be appreciated that slaverelay assemblies may be configured to operate in connection withnumerous types of electrical devices in a building in order to provideremote control of the devices via the same master controller thatmanages water treatment devices.

It should be appreciated that the example master controller and theslave assemblies described herein may be powered by direct current (DC)electricity from one or more power sources. For example, the mastercontroller and/or the slave assemblies may be powered from one or moretransformers which derive power from household current such as by beingconnected to a household electrical outlet and/or wired into anelectrical system of a building. In addition, in further exampleembodiments, the master controller may be operative to provide DCelectricity to one or more slave assemblies.

FIG. 20 illustrates schematically an example liquid management system800 in which the master controller 1020 is integrated into a housing 802that includes a plurality of power terminals 806. The master controllermay include an electrical system that is operative to provide DCelectrical power provided from a transformer 804 to both the mastercontroller 1020 and the plurality of power terminals 806.

In this described embodiment, one or more of the previously describedslave assemblies, such as a slave valve assembly 1400, a slave sensorassembly 1420 and a slave relay assembly 1440 may have their electricalpower requirements provided by electrical wires 808 connected to thepower terminals 806 of the housing 802 of the master controller.However, as described previously, even though such slave assemblies maybe wired to the master controller to receive electrical power, exampleembodiments of the slave assemblies are configured to communicatewirelessly through wireless messages 810 with the master controller.Also, it should be noted that some slave assemblies may not besufficiently near the master controller to readily wire the slaveassembly to the power terminals of the master controller. In such cases,a secondary transformer may be plugged into and/or wired into theelectrical system of the building in order to provide power to suchslave assemblies.

As previously discussed, in some exemplary arrangements a cabinet suchas the cabinet 428 may include power terminals which may provide powerto or from numerous different devices therein. For example, powerterminals included on the cabinet may be used to supply power to or fromthe master controller of the user interface device and the slaveassembly and the components thereof associated with the cabinet. Thusfor example in some exemplary arrangements, the cabinet may include oneor more transformers which provide electrical power at the desiredvoltage and amperage to the power terminals that are operative toconnect to the different devices which are included in or may beconnected to the cabinet. Alternatively such as is represented in FIG.20, the master controller or another device may be in operativeconnection with a transformer which is then used to provide power to thepower terminals which are in operative connection with the otherelectrical devices. Of course it should be understood that theseapproaches are exemplary and in other embodiments, other approaches maybe used.

With reference now to FIGS. 21-23, various example methodologies areillustrated and described. While the methodologies are described asbeing a series of acts that are performed in a sequence, it is to beunderstood that the methodologies are not limited by the order of thesequence. For instance, some acts may occur in a different order thanwhat is described herein. In addition, an act may occur concurrentlywith another act. Furthermore, in some instances, not all acts may berequired to implement a methodology described herein.

Moreover, the exemplary acts described herein may be caused to becarried out responsive to computer-executable instructions by one ormore processors and/or stored on a computer-readable medium or media(e.g., CD, DVD, hard drive, solid-state drive, flash memory, or otherstorage device). The computer-executable instructions which arealternatively referred to herein as circuit executable instructions, mayinclude a routine, a sub-routine, programs, a thread of execution,and/or the like. Still further, results of acts of the methodologies maybe stored in a computer-readable medium, displayed on a display device,and/or otherwise used.

Referring now to FIG. 21, an exemplary logic flow methodology 900 thatfacilitates managing liquid is illustrated. The methodology 900 beginsat step 902, and at 904 includes a step of receiving at least one firstwireless message with a master controller from a slave assembly includedas part of the liquid treatment device (i.e. water conditioner).

As discussed previously, the master controller may include a masterwireless communication device that enables the master controller towirelessly communicate messages with a plurality of slave assembliesincluding the slave valve assembly in step 904. Also, each slaveassembly includes a slave controller and the slave controller includes aslave wireless communication device that enables the slave controller towirelessly communicate message with the master controller.

In this example, the liquid treatment device includes a slave assemblyin the form of a slave valve assembly that includes a slave controller,a motor and a valve. The exemplary slave assembly of the liquidtreatment device further includes a meter that is operative to generateliquid flow measurements based at least in part on liquid flow throughthe valve mechanism of the slave valve assembly of the at least oneliquid treatment device. In step 904, the at least one first wirelessmessage includes data based at least in part on at least one liquid flowmeasurement.

In this example methodology, in step 906, responsive to the data basedat least in part on the at least one liquid flow measurement, the mastercontroller sends at least one second wireless message to the slavecontroller that causes the motor to position the valve to control theoperation of the liquid treatment device. Also, at step 908, themethodology may end. In an example embodiment, the slave valve assemblyin step 906 may be the slave assembly in step 904 and the slave valveassembly may include the meter. Thus, in step 904, the at least onefirst wireless message including the data based at least in part on theat least one liquid flow measurement is communicated by the slavecontroller of the slave valve assembly of the liquid treatment device.However, it should be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, themeter may be included in a slave assembly that is different than theslave valve assembly of the liquid treatment device and that isoperative to independently wirelessly communicate with the mastercontroller.

Also, as discussed previously, the valve of the slave valve assembly ofthe at least one liquid treatment device in step 906 may correspond to amulti-port valve having a housing that includes more than two ports anda movable piston. The motor may operate to move the piston between aplurality of different positions in the housing, which differentpositions form different liquid pathways between the ports in thehousing. Such slave valve assemblies, for example, may be used withliquid treatment devices such as a water softener or a water filter.

As discussed previously, the exemplary master controller may beoperative to wirelessly communicate with at least one user interfacedevice. Such a user interface may include a device that communicateswith the master controller in the LAN. Alternatively the user interfacedevice may include a portable user device that communicates with themaster controller via a wide area network. In addition, the liquidtreatment device may be configured to supply water to a water network.Thus, the methodology 900 may further include the control logicmethodology 1001 illustrated in FIG. 22. The methodology 1001 begins atstep 1002, and at 1004 includes a step of receiving with the mastercontroller at least one third wireless message from a user interfacedevice. The methodology at step 1006 includes the master controllersending at least one fourth wireless message to the slave valve assemblyresponsive to the at least one third wireless message received in 1004from the user interface device. In addition, the methodology may includea step 1008 in which the slave valve assembly of the liquid treatmentdevice causes the motor to move the piston of the valve of the slavevalve assembly to move between a first position that permits water toflow to the water network and a second position that prevents water fromflowing to the water network, responsive to the at least one fourthwireless message. At step 1010 the exemplary methodology may end.

Also discussed previously, the described slave assemblies, including theslave valve assemblies, may include a slave controller including datastore comprising data indicating a function that the slave assembly isintended to carry out. Thus, the methodology 900 may further include thecontrol logic methodology 1101 illustrated in FIG. 23. The methodology1101 begins at step 1102, and at 1104 includes a step of the slaveassembly sending a wireless message to a master controller that includesdata representative of data indicating the function of the slaveassembly. The master controller may then send at least somecommunications to the slave assembly based at least in part on the datarepresentative of the data indicating the function of the slaveassembly.

For example, a slave valve assembly may include a data store comprisingdata indicating that a function of the slave valve assembly correspondsto a control valve for a liquid treatment device. The methodologies 900and 1001 in FIGS. 21 and 22 may then include the step 1104 prior to step904 in which the slave valve assembly sends a fifth wireless message tothe master controller that includes data representative of the dataindicating that the function of the slave valve assembly corresponds toa control valve for a liquid treatment device. The master controller maythen send the at least one second communication in step 906 and the atleast one fourth communication in step 1006 based at least in part onthe data representative of the data indicating that the function of theslave valve assembly corresponds to a control valve for a liquidtreatment device.

Further in exemplary embodiments, a data store associated with a slavecontroller of a slave assembly may also include data which is usable toauthenticate the devices authorized to communicate with the mastercontroller in a network. Such data may include identifying data which iscapable of identifying the device and authenticating that it is anappropriate device to include in the network. Alternatively or inaddition, the data included in the data store associated with the slavecontroller may include data which is usable to encrypt communicationsbetween the master controller and the slave controller. This mayinclude, for example, authenticating data or computer executableinstructions which are operative to produce identifying data which canthen be used in connection with the communications to provide secure andauthenticated communications between the master controller and the slaveassemblies.

In further exemplary embodiments, data included in data stores of theslave assemblies may include circuit executable instructions thatinclude operational instructions which are usable by the slavecontroller to control the devices to which the slave controller isconnected. For example the instructions included in connection with theslave controller may include the specific steps, or functions thatdifferent devices controlled by the slave controller need to perform inorder to carry out a particular operation. This enables the mastercontroller to communicate messages which indicate that a particularfunction should be carried out by the slave assembly. The slave assemblymay then utilize the instructions included in its data store to causethe devices to perform the specific actions and steps that are needed tocarry out that particular function in connection with the particulardevices, sensors, etc. that the slave controller is configured to workwith. This approach may avoid the need for the master controller tocommunicate messages that operate to control each specific devicefunction associated with devices that are connected to the slavecontroller. Further, in exemplary arrangements such an approach mayenable the master controller to communicate common messages to slavecontrollers associated with different devices that nonetheless performthe same function. This may be for example different models of waterconditioners which perform the same water conditioning function throughoperation of different types of devices. As a result, the mastercontroller may communicate the same messages with each of the differentslave controllers of the different models to cause common functions tobe performed. However, the slave controllers utilizing their programmingof circuit executable instructions in the respective data stores maycause operation of different kinds of devices in different ways andoperate in conjunction with different sensors so as to cause thefunction to be performed by the different model devices. In someexemplary devices, this may simplify the message structure andprogramming associated with the master controller. Of course it shouldbe understood that these approaches are exemplary and in otherarrangements, other approaches may be used.

FIG. 60 schematically represents an alternative configuration for slavecontrollers which are part of slave assemblies that may be used inalternative embodiments. The slave controllers in this exemplaryarrangement include a plurality of modular slave controllers. In thisexemplary arrangement each of a plurality of modular slave controllersincludes a core hardware module (CHM) 818. The CHM of each exemplarymodular slave controller of this embodiment is functionally the same asor at least functionally substitutable for the CHMs of the other modularslave controllers. In the exemplary arrangement each CHM is the sameexcept for identification data which identifies the particular unitand/or enables the master controller to identify each particular unitand/or module to communicate therewith. This may include for example,address data or other data which enables identifying the slavecontroller and providing for direct communication therewith in a mannerlike that previously discussed. However, it should be understood that inother exemplary arrangements the DTHM may include the identifying data.

In this exemplary embodiment each CHM includes CHM circuitry 820. TheCHM circuitry includes at least one processor 822. The at least oneprocessor 822 is in operative connection with at least one data store824. The exemplary CHM further includes a slave wireless communicationportal 826. The wireless communication portal comprises circuitry andcircuit executable instructions that enables wireless communicationbetween the respective slave controller and the master controller.

The exemplary CHM further includes at least one CHM input device 828.The exemplary at least one CHM input device may include manual inputdevices such as a button or a keypad. In other arrangements the at leastone input device may include an audio input device such as a microphonefor receiving voice inputs. In other exemplary arrangements at least oneinput device may include a camera or other device suitable for receivingoptical inputs. Of course it should be understood that these inputdevices are exemplary and other embodiments other input devices may beused.

The exemplary CHM 818 further includes at least one CHM output device830. In some exemplary embodiments the at least one CHM output devicemay include visual output indicators such as light-emitting devices or avisual display screen. In other exemplary arrangements the at least oneCHM output device 830 may include a device that provides audible outputssuch as tones, beeps or synthesized words or speech. Of course theseapproaches are exemplary and other embodiments other approaches may beused.

In the exemplary arrangement each CHM is releasably operativelyengageable with a device type hardware module (DTHM). Each DTHM isspecific to the particular type of device or devices with which theslave controller is associated. In the exemplary arrangement each DTHMincludes circuit executable program instructions and other data that areusable to enable the modular slave controller to perform its designateddevice type function. Further in the exemplary arrangement each DTHMincludes circuit executable instructions and other data that enables theassociated CHM to operate in a coordinated manner with the respectiveDTHM. Each DTHM also includes appropriate circuitry and interfaces toenable operation of the particular components and devices with which theDTHM is associated.

FIG. 60 shows four different exemplary types of DTHMs with which thesame CHM may be operatively connected. It should be understood thatthese DTHMs are merely exemplary of numerous different types of DTHMsthat may be utilized in exemplary embodiments.

In the exemplary arrangement the CHM is releasably operativelyengageable with each of a plurality of different DTHMs through a serialcommunications connector schematically indicated 832. In the exemplaryarrangement the connector enables releasably electrically engaging theCHM and one DTHM such that electrical signals and communications may bepassed between the hardware modules. In an exemplary arrangement theconnector also enables the respective connected DTHM to receiveelectrical power from the CHM. However it should be understood that thisapproach is exemplary and other embodiments other approaches may beused.

In the exemplary arrangement CHM 818 is shown schematically andoperatively connected with DTHM 834. In this exemplary arrangement DTHM834 is configured for use with a facility entrance water supply valvearrangement such as valve arrangement 438 described herein. DTHM 834includes a DTHM data store 836. Data store 836 includes datacorresponding to device type identification data which is indicative ofthe device type with which the particular DTHM 834 is associated. Forexample, in this case data store 836 includes the data and circuitexecutable instructions to indicate that this DTHM is associated with afacility entrance water supply valve. Further in the exemplaryarrangement data store 836 includes the circuit executable instructionsand data associated with operation of the valve arrangement and aplurality of interfaces that are included in DTHM 834. In the exemplaryarrangement these interfaces include hardware and software interfacesthat are usable to communicate with and/or control the devices which area part of or operatively connected to the respective DTHM as part of theslave assembly. In exemplary arrangements, the modular slave controllersdo not have to be connected to all of the devices for which therespective DTHM has available interfaces in order to operate incoordinated relation with the master controller.

In the exemplary arrangement DTHM 834 includes an air temperatureinterface 838. Air temperature interface 838 is in operative connectionwith one or more temperature sensors which are operative to sense theair temperature in the area of the facility entrance water supply valve.DTHM 834 further includes a pressure sensor interface 840. Pressuresensor interface 840 is in operative connection with a pressure sensorthat is operative to detect liquid pressure within a manifold of theliquid entrance control arrangement.

The exemplary DTHM 834 further includes a liquid flow meter interface842. Flow meter interface 842 is in operative connection with a liquidflow meter that detects liquid that passes to the facility through theentrance valve arrangement. A valve motor interface 844 is operative toenable the control of a valve motor associated with the control valve ofthe liquid supply arrangement. Valve motor interface 844 enables theslave controller to change the position of the valve element(s) and thecondition of the valve responsive to the slave controller circuitry andin response to messages communicated with the master controller.

The exemplary DTHM 834 further includes a leak detector interface 846which is alternatively referred to herein as a moisture sensorinterface. Leak detector interface 846 is in operative connection with amoisture sensor in the area of the facility entrance liquid supply valvearrangement. Leak detection interface 846 enables electrical connectionand communication with the moisture sensor so as to detect a probableliquid leak in the area of the valve arrangement. An interface 848 isoperative in the exemplary embodiment to monitor the availability of a12 Volt electrical supply that is used in an exemplary embodiment forpurposes of providing power for control of the valve motor. Theexemplary interface operates to assure that the voltage necessary forthe slave controller to operate and control the valve motor isavailable. Interface 850 of the exemplary DTHM is operative to monitor abackup battery power supply that is used to assure that the valve can beoperated and controlled even in circumstances when there is a loss of ACelectrical power to the facility in which the slave controller islocated. Interfaces 848 and 850 are operative to monitor the status ofthe available power supply so that problematic conditions can beidentified based on the circuit executable instructions and dataincluded in the data store 436, and such problems can be reported to themaster controller through the wireless communication portal 826 of theCHM of the slave controller.

Of course it should be understood that the interfaces and othercomponents of DTHM 834 are exemplary, and in other controllersassociated with a facility supply valve arrangement, differentcomponents, interfaces and circuitry may be used.

DTHM 852 is an exemplary DTHM associated with a leak detector. DTHM 852includes a DTHM data store 854. Data store 854 of the exemplaryarrangement includes device type identification data indicative of theparticular device type with which the DTHM is associated. The data storefurther includes circuit executable instructions that are utilized inconnection with the operation of the particular DTHM and the associatedcomponents thereof or devices connected thereto.

DTHM 852 includes a leak detector interface 856. Leak detector interface856 may be similar to the previously described interface 846. Interface856 is in operative connection with a moisture sensor that is positionedto detect moisture that may correspond to a leak or other situation inwhich water is detected in a location that is not appropriate duringnormal operation. Exemplary DTHM 852 further includes a temperaturesensor interface 858. The exemplary interface 858 is in operativeconnection with a temperature sensor that is operative to detect airtemperature in the area of the leak detector.

DTHM 852 further includes a humidity sensor interface 860. Humiditysensor interface is in operative connection with a humidity sensor thatis operative to sense for the level of humidity in the area of the leakdetector. A battery power interface 862 is included in DTHM 852 forpurposes of monitoring a battery that is used for purposes of poweringone or more of the sensors in operative connection with DTHM 852. Ofcourse this arrangement is exemplary and other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

The operative connection of DTHM 852 with a CHM such as CHM 818 isoperative to cause the CHM and DTHM to operate together as a modularslave controller associated with a leak detector. The CHM operates usingthe circuit executable instructions of the connected DTHM and enablesthe combination to perform the functions of a leak detector slavecontroller. The CHM and DTHM are operative to communicate wirelesslywith the master controller to indicate conditions which are detected bythe sensors associated with the interfaces of DTHM 852. It should benoted that unlike DTHM 834, the DTHM 852 associated with the leakdetector does not operate to control any devices, but rather indicatesconditions through wireless messages exchanged with the mastercontroller.

An exemplary DTHM 864 is associated with an electrically powered hotwater heater. DTHM 864 includes a data store 866 which includes devicetype identification data indicative of the device type with which theDTHM is associated as well as circuit executable instructions associatedwith the interfaces and devices that are controlled through operation ofthe DTHM and associated CHM. Exemplary DTHM 864 includes a watertemperature sensor interface 868. In the exemplary arrangement the watertemperature interface 868 is in operative connection with a temperaturesensor that senses the temperature of the water that is heated by thehot water heater.

Exemplary DTHM 864 further includes an input power sensor interface 870.Input power sensor interface is in operative connection with a sensoroperative to detect the available input voltage to the electric hotwater heater. The exemplary DTHM also includes an input voltage andphase sensor interface 872. The input voltage and phase sensor interfaceis in operative connection with sensors that detect the availablevoltage and phase of the AC power that is delivered to the electricalhot water heater. The exemplary DTHM 864 further includes an electricalload monitoring interface 874. Interface 874 is in operative connectionwith sensors that detect the electrical load or current that iscurrently being drawn by the electrical hot water heater. As can beappreciated, these interfaces enable the slave controller to determinethe operational status of the electrical hot water heater.

The exemplary DTHM 864 further includes an electrical supply relayinterface 876. Electrical supply relay interface 876 enables control bythe modular slave controller of the delivery or withdrawal of electricalpower to the heating elements of the electrical hot water heater.Interface 876 enables the modular slave controller to either enableoperation of the hot water heater, or to suspend the operation thereof.Suspension of the operation of the hot water heater may result from thecircuit executable instructions stored in the DTHM and/or messages sentby the master controller to the associated slave controller incircumstances where water pressure has been lost, for example.Alternatively the master controller may send messages which cause thewithdrawal of electrical power from the heating element of theelectrical hot water heater in circumstances where the facility in whichthe water heater is located is going to be unoccupied for a period oftime based on programmed data or in response to messages received from auser's mobile wireless device. Of course these approaches are exemplaryand in other embodiments other approaches may be used.

The exemplary DTHM 864 further includes a leak detector interface 878.The exemplary leak detector interface 878 may be similar to suchinterfaces previously discussed that are in operative connection with amoisture sensor. A leak detector interface may be included in theexemplary modular slave controller to detect a leaky hot water heatercondition or other leak condition in the area of the hot water heater.Of course these approaches are exemplary and in other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement the electrical connection of DTHM 864 witha CHM 818 is operative to produce a modular slave controller that isconfigured for controlling the operation of the electrical hot waterheater. Such connection of the CHM and DTHM is operative to cause theCHM to communicate wirelessly with the master controller, messages whichprovide information associated with the condition of the electrical hotwater heater and the associated sensors. The slave controller is alsooperative to cause the operation of the electrical hot water heater tobe controlled responsive at least in part to the wireless messagesreceived from the master controller and the associated circuitexecutable instructions included in the DTHM and the CHM.

Another exemplary DTHM 880 is associated with a well pump, such as apump in a water well that is used to supply water to a home orcommercial establishment. In the exemplary arrangement DTHM 880 includesa data store 882. Data store 882 includes the device type identificationdata indicative that the DTHM and the CHM to which it is connected, areoperative as a modular slave controller used in connection with a wellpump. The exemplary data store further includes circuit executableinstructions that are associated with the included interfaces as well asmonitoring and controlling the components and devices associated withthe well pump slave controller.

The exemplary DTHM 880 includes a well pump pressure sensor interface884. Pump pressure sensor interface is in operative connection with apressure sensor that detects the pressure in a pipe, manifold or otherlocation that is being produced through operation of the pump. DTHM 880further includes an input power sensor interface 886. Input power sensorinterface 886 is similar to interface 870 previously described and is inoperative connection with a sensor that detects available input power.DTHM 880 further includes an input voltage and phase sensor interface888. Interface 888 is similar to previously described interface 872 andis in operative connection with sensors that detect the available inputvoltage and phase of the supplied AC power.

The exemplary DTHM 880 further includes an electrical load monitoringinterface 890. Interface 890 is operative to monitor the current,voltage and phase of the load as drawn by the well pump. Leak detectioninterface 892 is also included in the exemplary DTHM 880. Leak detectioninterface 892 is in operative connection with a moisture sensor in amanner like that previously discussed.

DTHM 880 further includes an electrical supply relay interface 894.Electrical supply relay interface 894 is in operative connection with arelay which operates to either enable the delivery of power to the wellpump or to prevent the supply of power to the pump. The control of therelay through the interface 894 enables the modular slave controller toselectively enable the well pump to operate responsive to wirelessmessages received from the master controller and/or the circuitexecutable instructions associated with the DTHM and CHM which make upthe well pump modular slave controller.

An exemplary DTHM 896 is associated with a sump pump. This may includefor example a sump pump that is used to drain footer drains in afacility to prevent the flooding of a basement or other portion thereof.Like the other DTHMs, DTHM 896 includes a data store 898. Data store 898includes identification data indicative that a slave controller whichincludes the particular DTHM comprises a modular slave controllerassociated with a sump pump. Data store 898 further includes circuitexecutable instructions usable by the modular slave controller thatincludes the DTHM 898 for purposes of operation and sump pump control.

Exemplary DTHM 896 further includes a level sensor interface 910. Levelsensor interface 910 is in operative connection with a water levelsensor, such as a pressure sensor that is operative to detect the waterlevel in a sump or other area in which the sump pump is located.Detection of the water level may be used through operation of the slavecontroller for purposes of controlling the operation of the sump pump.Signals received through the interface from the level sensor may also beoperative to determine conditions such as a high water level that maycorrespond to a pump malfunction or other condition.

The exemplary DTHM 896 further includes an input power sensor interface912. Power sensor interface 912 in an exemplary arrangement, is like theother power sensor interfaces that are in operative connection withsensors that detect available power for operation of the sump pump. DTHM896 further includes an input voltage and phase sensor interface 914.Interface 914 is in operative connection with sensors that detect thevoltage and phase of available electrical power for operation of thesump pump. DTHM 896 further includes an electrical load monitoringinterface 916. Electrical load monitoring interface 916 is in operativeconnection with sensors that monitor the current, voltage and phase ofthe AC power that corresponds to the load drawn during operation of thesump pump.

DTHM 896 further includes an electrical supply relay interface 918.Supply relay interface 918 enables the delivery or withdrawal ofelectrical power from the sump pump. Through operation of the interfacethe modular slave controller in which the DTHM is connected is enabledto selectively provide power to the sump pump and to prevent power frombeing supplied to the sump pump responsive to operation of the slavecontroller. The modular slave controller controls the sump pumpresponsive to wireless messages from the master controller and/orresponsive to the circuit executable instructions in the data store(s)associated with the slave controller.

It should be appreciated that the DTHMs described are exemplary ofnumerous different types of DTHMs that are associated with devices thatmay be employed in liquid control and management systems of exemplaryembodiments. As can be appreciated DTHMs may be used in connection withCHMs to provide modular slave controllers for numerous different typesof liquid treatment devices, valves that control flow through liquidtreatment devices, other types of valves, pumps, sensors, flow controldevices, flow meters and other types of devices that may be included insystems of the type described. Further in some exemplary arrangementsCHMs are each made to be capable of being functionally substitutable forplurality of other CHMs that are used in the modular slave controllersconnected in the particular system. In some exemplary arrangements eachof the CHMs may be identical, other than identifying data or otherinformation that may be used during operation of the system todistinguish one CHM from another. In other exemplary arrangements CHMsmay be functionally substitutable and still provide different features,such as including or providing interfaces to different types of outputdevices, input devices, or including multiple or different types ofwireless communication portals, or interfaces or other features, forexample, that nonetheless still enable the CHM to operate in conjunctionwith a connectable DTHM for purposes of providing the desired devicetype of modular slave controller. Further it should be understood thatthe structures and architecture of the CHM and DTHMs described hereinare exemplary, and other embodiments of such devices may includeadditional or different components, features and capabilities.

FIGS. 24-27 illustrate an example of a valve assembly usable inconnection with a liquid conditioner such as a water softener. Theexemplary embodiment may include a valve mechanism adapted from thecontrol valve mechanism shown in U.S. Application No. 61/986,423, thedisclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIG. 24 shows an example exterior perspective view of an exemplary slavevalve assembly 1202 for a water softener with a cover 1204 installed ona housing 1206. The slave valve assembly 1202 may include a base portion1208 that is adapted to mount to a top opening of a resin tank such aspreviously discussed. However, it should be appreciated that alternativeembodiments of the slave valve assembly may be adapted to work withother water conditioner arrangements including in arrangements with aslave valve assembly positioned in other locations (such as adjacent toa tank as illustrated in U.S. Application No. 61/986,423, below a tankor other location.

FIG. 25 shows an example internal view of the slave valve assembly 1202with the cover removed. As illustrated in FIG. 25, the slave valveassembly may include a circuit board 1302 mounted to the housing 1206,which circuit board includes circuitry which includes the previouslydescribed slave controller 202 shown in FIG. 14. This exemplary circuitboard 1302 includes circuits operative to selectively provide power to amotor 1304 via wires 1305. The motor is releasably mounted to thehousing 1206. The motor is operative to rotate a plurality of gears 1306which control the configuration of a valve mechanism 1308. The conditionof the valve is controlled by selectively axially moving a valve elementto selected positions to cause selected liquid flow conditions.

In addition, as illustrated in a side view in FIG. 26, the exemplaryvalve mechanism 1308 includes an encoder 1402 that monitors the positionof the gears and the position of the valve element such as a piston thatestablishes the operational condition of the valve. In this example, theencoder may be directly mounted to the circuit board 1302.

In this example embodiment, the valve mechanism may include a wateroutlet port 1322 (for softened water) and a water inlet port 1324 (forreceiving untreated water). The valve mechanism may also include a watermeter 1326 positioned to measure water flow through the water outlet (orother port in the valve mechanism). The slave controller is operative toreceive information regarding the measured water flow from the watermeter via wires 1328 connected to the circuit board 1302.

Also, as shown in FIG. 25, the circuit board is operative to receivepower via electrical wires 1330 that may be operatively connected to aDC electrical supply such as a transformer. Also, the slave valveassembly 1202 may be adapted to receive a battery 1318 in aconfiguration that clips under the circuit board. Such a battery 1318may supply electrical power to the circuit board when the power has beenlost from the electrical wires 1330.

In an example embodiment, when the circuit board switches to usingbattery power, the slave controller may be operative to detect thisevent and cause the motor to operate depending on the present mode ofthe water softener when power to the electrical wires 1330 was lost. Forexample, if the softener is in a mode in which regeneration isoccurring, the slave controller may continue to operate the valvemechanism via the motor to complete the regeneration processes, whileunder battery power. However, once the softener has completedregeneration, the slave controller may maintain the softener in aneutral mode in which the softener does not carry out furtherregeneration processes (until electrical power is restored to electricalwires 1330).

However, while the softener is running on battery power, the slavecontroller may continue to monitor water flow from the water meter 1326.Also, in a further embodiment, the slave controller may continuecommunicating messages with a master controller while under batterypower. Thus, if the master controller is likewise under battery power,the master controller can continue to collect water flow data. Further,the slave controller under battery power may be operative to operate themotor to place the valve mechanism in an operational condition thatshuts off water to the outlet 1322 responsive to wireless communicationsfrom the master controller.

In addition, this example embodiment of a water softener may includeother features that enhance operation or manufacturability of thesoftener. For example, the water softener valve may include a base plate1334 that includes clips 1332. A valve head 1336 may slide intoengagement with and engage the clips on the base plate to releasablyfasten these components together without screws. In the exemplaryarrangement, this approach enables changing the slave controller motorand other components rapidly and without a need for disassembly ofsubcomponents. This may facilitate servicing units in the field thathave malfunctions. Further in exemplary arrangements, this approach mayenable upgrading units to different types of slave controllers or otherdevices for purposes of controlling the valve of the liquid conditionerdevice. In addition, the valve mechanism may include a piston yoke 1338that clips into place via clips 1341. This further facilitates theability to change the head. Also, the exemplary housing of the motor1304 is configured to slide into a receptacle in the housing and besecurely mounted to the housing via single screw mount 1342.

Also, as illustrated in a perspective view in FIG. 27 (without wires),the exemplary valve mechanism 1308 may include a support 1502 for abrine valve cam follower 1504 so as to be actuated via a cam 1506. Inthis exemplary arrangement the cam 1506 may function to activate thevalve cam follower by rotating in either direction. This enables usingdifferent valve configurations which can be used with different types ofliquid conditioners.

In an example embodiment, the circuit board 1302 may include or be inoperative connection with a plurality of light sources 1310, 1312, 1314,and 1316 such as LEDs. Such LEDs may be spaced apart on the circuitboard such as being respectively adjacent each of the four corners of arectangular shaped circuit board. Such LEDs may be individuallycontrolled by the slave controller to turn on and off and to changebetween different colors. The number of lit LEDs, the respective colorof each LED, and/or a flashing (on and off) pattern of the LEDs may beoperative to indicate different statuses of the operation of the watersoftener. Referring back to FIG. 24, to enable the light from the LEDsto be visible, the cover 1204 may be made of a translucent plastic thatenables the cover to become illuminated (e.g., glow) with the coloredlight generated via the LEDs. As previously discussed in embodimentswhere the valve is housed within a cabinet such as cabinet 428, thewindow 436 on the top of the cabinet enables the viewing of illuminationof LEDs on the valve therethrough. In addition, the controller may beoperative to selectively illuminate less than the total number LEDs tocause portion of the housing to glow with less intensity then when allof the LEDs are illuminated. Alternatively or in addition, the slavecontroller may be in operative connection with an annunciator or othersound output device that outputs various sounds or tones that correlatewith the illumination properties and/or patterns.

In an example embodiment, the master controller may send at least onewireless message to the slave controller of the circuit board 402 whichcause the LEDs to be all illuminated when the brine tank is determinedby the master controller to have a relatively high level of salt therein(e.g., such as when a user indicates that salt has been recently addedto the brine tank). Further, the master controller may send at least oneother wireless message to the slave controller of the circuit board 402which cause less then all of the LEDs to be illuminated when the mastercontroller determines that the level of salt in the brine tank has beenat least partially consumed (via the master controller monitoring thenumber of regeneration processes since salt was added). Thus, the lightemitted by the LEDS may be progressively lessened as the salt in thebrine tank is consumed and approaches a low level.

In alternative embodiments, in addition to or rather than changing thenumber of lit LEDs, the master controller may cause the slave controllerto change colors in a manner that is indicative of the amount of saltthat may remain in a brine tank. For example, when salt has beenrecently added, the LEDs may be caused by the master controller via atleast one wireless message to display a green color, whereas when thebrine tank needs or is close to needing a refill of salt, the LEDs maybe caused by the master controller via at least one wireless message todisplay a red color. Of course such visual outputs may be accompanied bycorresponding audible outputs in some arrangements and/or outputsthrough a user interface device.

FIG. 46 shows a schematic view of an exemplary system 550. System 550includes a master controller 552 and a plurality of slave controllersassociated with respective slave assemblies. The master controllerincludes processor circuitry 554. The processor circuitry is associatedwith an internal memory schematically indicated 556. Executableinstructions included in the internal memory are currently executable bythe one or more processors included in the processor circuitry 554.

As schematically represented in FIG. 46 master controller 552 includes aplurality of components in operative connection with the processorcircuitry. These may include for example, one or more wirelesscommunication devices 558. Communication devices 558 may be operative toprovide RF communication with devices which are within a relativelylimited distance of the master controller. Alternatively communicationdevices may be operative to communicate either directly or indirectly inwide area networks. The exemplary master controller further includes oneor more input devices schematically indicated 560. Output devicesschematically indicated 562 may also be included in the mastercontroller. The exemplary master controller further includes an externalmemory 564. External memory 564 is operative to store processorexecutable instructions. However the processor executable instructionsstored in the external memory 564 are not currently executable by theprocessor circuitry 554. Of course it should be understood that thisconfiguration and devices are exemplary and other embodiments other ordifferent devices and configurations may be used.

The exemplary master controller 552 is in operative connection with apower supply schematically indicated 566. Power supply 566 is operativeto supply power to the master controller 552 as well as slavecontrollers 568, 570 and 572 in the configuration shown. Power supply566 is in operative connection with a supply of power from a source ofhousehold current such as for example 110 V AC or other suitable powersource.

The exemplary system 550 further includes slave controllers 574, 576 and578. These slave controllers may be powered from an alternative powersource or several different power sources than slave controllers 568,570 and 572. In the exemplary arrangement each of the slave controllers568, 570, 572, 574, 576 and 578 include respective wireless repeatingtransceivers 580. Each wireless repeating transceiver is enabled toreceive information from the communication device 558 of the mastercontroller. Each wireless repeating transceiver 580 is also enabled towirelessly repeat instructions that are transmitted from the mastercontroller. Thus as represented in FIG. 46 in the exemplary arrangementslave controllers 568 and 570 are enabled to communicate directly withthe master controller. Slave controllers that are further awaycommunicate wirelessly with the master controller through the wirelessrepeating transceivers of intermediate slave controllers. This exemplaryarrangement enables the range of the master controller to be extendedbeyond that which could normally be reached directly by the exemplarycommunications device 558.

In exemplary arrangements the system 550 further includes slavecontrollers 582, 584 and 586. Slave controllers 582, 584 and 586 do notinclude wireless repeating transceivers. As a result such slavecontrollers communicate with either the master controller directly orone of the slave controllers that includes a wireless repeatingtransceiver. In exemplary arrangements slave controllers not includingwireless repeating transceivers may be associated with sensors, devicesthat control an electric relay or other slave assemblies that aregenerally operatively associated with an activity that does notnecessitate that the slave assembly further transmit messages from themaster controller. In exemplary arrangements slave assemblies maycommunicate with the master controller through up to 63 intermediateslave controllers that include wireless repeating transceivers. Howeverin other embodiments different numbers of intermediate slave controllersmay be utilized depending on the configuration of the circuitryassociated with the master controller and the slave controllers. Theexemplary architecture provides the capabilities for the mastercontroller to communicate with and manage a large number of associatedslave assemblies. This provides the capability to achieve a liquidmanagement system that interacts with numerous devices that may handleor relate to the water supply in the particular facility in which thesystem is installed.

As represented in FIG. 46, a portable user interface device 588 isutilized to communicate with the master controller 552. The exemplaryportable device 588 may be operative to communicate with thecommunication device 558 through Bluetooth, NFC or other relativelylocal communication method. Alternatively, device 558 may communicate ina local Wi-Fi network within the facility where the system is located.This is represented schematically by communications with device 590. Inexemplary arrangements the master controller through the communicationdevice 558 may also communicate with the portable device 588 through thelocal Wi-Fi network.

Further in exemplary arrangements some systems may additionally providethe capability to communicate outside the local Wi-Fi network throughone or more servers 592. Servers 592 may be in operative connection withone or more networks 594. Such networks 594 may include other local orwide area networks in which other servers and gateways 596 communicate.Thus this exemplary arrangement may enable the portable user interfacedevice to communicate with the master controller 552 remotely through awide area network such as the Internet. This arrangement may facilitateremote control of the master controller and related slave assembliesfrom remote locations by the user.

A useful feature of the exemplary configuration of system 550 is thatthe exemplary master controller includes the necessary executableprogram instructions to control the slave assemblies and the variousdevices associated therewith. This avoids the need for an Internetconnection or other wide area network exposure for the system tooperate. This reduces the risk that the liquid management system andconnected devices can be compromised through external connections. Thesystem also provides the user the ability to obtain the functionalityfor receiving messages indicating the status of the various slaveassemblies, and to control the operation thereof within the facilitywithout the need for an Internet connection. However, the exemplaryarrangement enables Internet connectivity for remote reporting andcontrol activities when desired. Of course it should be understood thatthis arrangement is exemplary and in other embodiments alternativesystems configurations may be used.

FIG. 47 shows a schematic representation of a slave controller 620.Exemplary slave controller includes processor circuitry 622. Theprocessor circuitry is in connection with an internal memory 624. Theprocessor circuitry is also in connection with an external memory 626.

The exemplary slave controller further includes a wirelesscommunications portal which is alternatively referred to as acommunication device 628. In some exemplary arrangements thecommunication device may correspond to the wireless repeatingtransceiver previously discussed. Alternatively the wirelesscommunication device may be a nonrepeating transceiver. The exemplaryslave controller further includes at least one input device 630 and atleast one output device 632. Of course it should be understood thatthese devices and arrangements are exemplary, and in other embodimentsdifferent or other devices may be used.

In exemplary arrangements the internal memory 626 includes executableinstructions which comprise a boot loader application schematicallyrepresented 634. The instructions which comprise the boot loaderapplication remain constant in firmware associated with the processorcircuitry and are not changed responsive to changes and updates in theinstructions that are stored in the internal memory. The exemplary bootloader capabilities enables the master controller and each of the slavecontrollers to receive updated processor executable instructions withoutthe need for an Internet connection. This is accomplished in exemplaryarrangements by the executable instructions that are associated with aprogram or app resident in memory on the portable user interface device,to provide updated processor executable instructions to the system, andto cause such updated instructions to be selectively applied whendesired by the user.

In exemplary arrangements, the user is enabled to obtain the executableinstructions to operate the system from their portable user interfacedevice, by downloading executable instructions and data as an app from asuitable website or other source. The downloadable instructions enablethe user's portable device to communicate with the master controller andalso provide functions for receiving information and controlling theslave assemblies within the system in ways like those previouslydiscussed. However in exemplary embodiments the portable device residentuser app also includes therewith all of the processor executableinstructions for each type of slave controller that may be deployedwithin a system. This includes the suitable instructions for each typeof slave assembly which has an associated identifier type which can berecognized by the master controller. Thus the application on theportable device includes all the necessary processor executableinstructions for the operation of the master controller and each of theslave controllers that may be deployed as part of a water managementsystem.

Further in exemplary embodiments, the app that the user downloads totheir portable user interface device may include a function thatperiodically reminds the user to update the app. Alternatively theupdating function for the app to connect to the website and obtainupdates may be automated so that the user periodically obtains thelatest program instructions along with the updated app from the site. Ofcourse these approaches are exemplary and in other embodiments otherapproaches used.

FIGS. 48 to 50 schematically describe the logical steps carried out bythe master controller in connection with receiving updated processorexecutable instructions from a portable user interface device. TheseFigures further describe the exemplary logic flow associated withdeploying the updated processor executable instructions to each of theslave controllers that are included in the system. In the exemplaryarrangement after the master controller has started in a step 646, thecontroller is in a run condition as represented by a step 648. When themaster controller is in the run condition it may receive updatedprocessor executable instructions from the portable user interfacedevice as represented in a step 650. Responsive to receiving theinstructions the processor circuitry associated with the mastercontroller is operative to review data included with the instructionswhich indicates at least one version identifier associated with theinstructions. The processor circuitry is operative to compare the atleast one version identifier associated with the newly receivedinstructions and the one or more version identifiers associated with theexecutable instructions currently resident in the internal memory of themaster controller. This is represented by a step 652. In the event thatreceived instructions correspond to the version of the instructionscurrently in the internal memory of the master controller the processorcircuitry makes a determination in a step 654 that no updating of theinstructions currently in the internal memory of the master controlleris required. The controller returns to the run condition represented bystep 648.

In the event that the processor executable instructions that arereceived in step 650 is determined to correspond to a newer version thanis currently present in internal memory, the processor circuitry isoperative to communicate with the portable user interface device asrepresented at a step 656. The communications from the master controllerare operative to prompt the user to indicate whether they wish to havethe master controller apply the updates to the master controller and theslave controllers within the system. Responsive to the messages sent tothe portable device in step 656 the user provides a response through theinterface of the portable device which causes a message to be receivedby the master controller as represented by step 658. If the user hasindicated that they do not wish to apply the updated processorexecutable instructions to the system a determination is made at a step662 return the processor circuitry to the run condition.

If the user has indicated that they wish to apply the updated processorexecutable instructions to the master controller and the slavecontrollers, the processor circuitry of the master controller isoperative to apply the updates to the slave controllers and the mastercontroller. The master controller may operate to deploy updatesimmediately or may defer the deployment of the updates until aprogrammed time or a time when it is detected that no other systemactivity is occurring. The exemplary updated processor executableinstructions include order instructions in the form of table data. Thetable data includes order instructions which define the updatedexecutable instructions that go to the respective slave controllers andalso the order in which the updates are to be provided. The processorcircuitry implements the delivery of the updated executable instructionsin accordance with the table data as represented by step 662. Inexemplary arrangement the master controller is operative to first sendthe appropriate updated instructions to the slave controllers that donot include wireless repeating transceivers. This is represented by astep 664. The processor circuitry of the master controller updates theslave assemblies that do not include wireless repeating transceiversuntil all such slave assemblies have received the updated instructions.The iterative updating of these slave controllers without repeaters anddiscontinuing the deployment to such slave assemblies after all havebeen updated is represented by a step 668.

Once the master controller has distributed the updated processorexecutable instructions to all the slave controllers that do not includewireless repeating transceivers, the master controller then operates inaccordance with the table data to distribute the respective updates tothe slave controllers that communicate through the largest number ofintermediate slave controllers. For example, slave controllers thatcommunicate with the master controller through (N) intermediate slavecontrollers, where N is equal to 10, will all be updated before theslave controllers that communicate with the master controller throughintermediate slave controllers where N is equal to nine, and so on.

As represented in step 670, the master controller is operative todistribute the respective updates to the slave controllers beginningwith the level where the N value is the largest in the system. Oncethose slave controllers at that level have been updated as determined ina step 672, the master controller operates to send the updates to slavecontrollers at the next level corresponding to a progressively smaller Nvalue. This is represented by a step 674.

After all the slave controllers at that level have been determined to beupdated in a step 676, the master controller then updates slavecontrollers at the next progressively smaller N value level asrepresented by steps 678 and 680.

In the exemplary arrangement the process of delivering updates to theslave controllers having progressively smaller N levels continues untilthe slave controllers that directly communicate wirelessly with themaster controller receive the respective updates. This is represented bya step 682. The completion of delivery of the updates to the slavecontrollers that directly communicate with the master controller isdetermined at a step 684. Once all the slave controllers have beenupdated, the master controller then loads its own applicable updatedprocessor circuit executable instructions as represented in a step 686.Once the master controller has applied the applicable updated executableinstructions, the master controller then sends instructions to the slavecontrollers to implement the boot loader process as represented by step688. The master controller may also operate in accordance with itsprogrammed instructions to carry out the boot loader process associatedwith the master controller concurrently with the operation of the bootloaders of the slave controllers. Of course it should be understood thatthis approach is exemplary and in other embodiments other approaches maybe used.

The application of the updated processor circuit executable instructionsby an exemplary slave controller is represented schematically in FIGS.51-53. In the exemplary arrangement with the respective slave controllerin the run condition as represented in step 690, the controller isoperative to receive the respective updated processor executableinstructions. An exemplary arrangement the master controller isoperative to send the applicable updated instructions to the slavecontroller based on the slave controller identifying information thathas been communicated to the master controller and stored therein at thetime that the slave controller was joined in the system. As previouslydiscussed, in the exemplary arrangement the data included with theupdated processor executable instructions includes identifying datawhich enables the master controller to identify the applicable updatedinstructions that apply to each type of slave assembly. The slaveassembly receives the applicable updated instructions as represented bya step 692.

The processor circuitry of the applicable slave controller is operativeto store the received updated instructions in external memory. This isrepresented by a step 694. The processor circuitry is operative toanalyze the received updated instructions to calculate a cyclicalredundancy check (CRC) value from the updated processor instructions.This value is calculated and uniquely corresponds to the updatedinstructions. The calculation of the CRC value based on the receivedinstructions is represented by a step 696. The processor circuitry ofthe slave controller is operative to compare the calculated CRC value toCRC value data included in a header of the processor circuit executableinstructions. The CRC value is included in the data that is deliveredwith the updated instructions to assure that the integrity of theinstructions can be verified. This comparison of the calculated value tothe received value is represented by a step 698.

As represented in a step 718 a determination is made whether thecalculated CRC value is the same as the included CRC value. In the eventthat the values are not the same this indicates there is a problem. Theprocessor circuitry of the slave controller operates to delete theinstructions that had been stored in external memory as represented in astep 720, and the slave controller sends at least one wireless messageto the master controller to resend the updated instructions. This isrepresented in a step 722.

Alternatively if the updated processor executable instructions aredetermined to have been stored in the external memory in an accuratemanner in step 718, the processor circuitry then waits to receive theboot load instruction from the master controller. When the boot loadinstruction is received as represented by a step 724, the processorcircuitry operates in accordance with the boot loader instructionsincluded in internal memory to carry out the necessary steps to applythe updated executable instructions to the internal memory from whichthey can be executed by the processor circuitry of the slave controller.This is represented by a step 726.

The processor circuitry next operates responsive to the boot loaderinstructions to calculate the CRC value based on the updatedinstructions in the external memory. This is represented by a step 728.The processor circuitry is operative to compare the calculated CRC valueto the CRC value included with the updated instructions as representedby a step 730. If the CRC values are determined not to be the same in astep 732 the external memory is erased as indicated in a step 733 and amalfunction is indicated. If the calculated CRC value and the includedCRC value are the same as determined in the step 732 the processorcircuitry then moves to a step 734 in which the CRC value of theinstructions currently in internal memory are calculated. The CRC valueincluded in the header of the existing instructions in internal memoryare then compared in a step 736 to the calculated CRC value.

If the values are determined to be the same in a step 738, the processorcircuitry is then operative to compare the data corresponding to the atleast one version number associated with the instructions currently ininternal memory to the version number associated with the instructionscurrently in the external memory. This is represented by a step 742.Alternatively, if in step 738 the calculated CRC value for theinstructions currently in internal memory did not correspond to the CRCvalue associated with the header data for the instructions in internalmemory, then the internal memory instructions are suspect, and theprocessor circuitry operates to replace them in a manner laterdiscussed.

If in step 742 the version numbers of the executable instructions inexternal memory and an internal memory are the same, then there is noneed to apply the updated instructions to the internal memory.Responsive to a determination in a step 744 that the version numbers arethe same, the processor circuitry returns to the run condition. However,if the version number of the executable instructions currently ininternal memory is different than the version number in external memory,the boot loader instructions are operative to update the internalmemory.

As represented in a step 746 the processor circuitry is operative tocopy the instructions in external memory to the internal memory. A CRCvalue is then calculated in a step 748 for the instructions that havebeen copied into internal memory. The calculated CRC value is thencompared to the CRC value in the header data a step 750. If the CRCvalues are determined to correspond, meaning that the instructions werecopied accurately as represented in a step 752, the processor circuitryoperates a start routine as represented at step 754 and the slavecontroller returns to the run condition.

Alternatively if the calculated CRC value for the instructions copiedinto internal memory does not correspond to the header CRC value, thenthe instructions are operative to cause the CRC value to be determinedfor the instructions included in external memory. This is represented bya step 756. The calculated CRC value for the instructions in externalmemory are then compared to the CRC value of the header data for theinstructions in external memory as represented by a step 758. If the CRCvalues correspond as determined in a step 760, the processorinstructions again attempt to cause the instructions from externalmemory to be copied into internal memory at step 746. Alternatively, ifat step 760 the CRC values did not correspond then the boot loaderinstructions operate to send a message indicating a malfunction to themaster controller as indicated at step 762 and the slave controllersuspends operation or reverts to a default condition as indicated at astep 764.

This exemplary arrangement of the logic flow for the boot loaderinstructions is carried out by each of the exemplary slave controllers.The master controller also operates using boot loader instructions thatare generally similar to those discussed in order to apply the updatedinstructions to the internal memory from which such instructions may beexecuted. Of course it should be understood that a logic flow isrepresented schematically and additional steps may be utilized inconnection with certain exemplary embodiments.

In exemplary embodiments certain slave controllers may include factoryprogrammed instructions that may be included in internal memory that donot correspond to the instructions included in external memory. Inexemplary embodiments it may be desirable not to cause this factoryprogramming to be replaced when the slave controller is implemented inthe system. Further, in exemplary embodiments it may be desirable forthe master controller and slave controller to periodically check thevalidity of the available instructions that are being executed to assurethat the controllers can recover from software malfunctions. Thesecapabilities of certain exemplary embodiments are representedschematically by the logic flow in FIGS. 54 and 55.

In the exemplary arrangement when operation of a slave controller isinitiated in a system as represented by step 766, a determination ismade at a step 768 as to whether this is the first time the slavecontroller has been started in connection with the system. If so thenthe executable instructions in internal memory are operative to read theheader data included with the instructions included in internal memory.This is represented in a step 770. Certain internal header versionidentifiers are associated with factory installed software that is notto be initially replaced on start up of the slave controller. Adetermination is made in a step 772 whether the software instructions ininternal memory correspond to such factory installed instructions. Ifthe instructions in internal memory do not correspond to factoryinstalled instructions that are to be preserved, the slave controlleroperates to proceed to a run condition represented by a step 774.However if the instructions in internal memory do correspond to factoryinstalled instructions that are to be preserved, the slave controlleroperates to erase the instructions currently included in external memoryas represented by a step 776. This then causes the instructions ininternal memory to be copied to the external memory as later discussed.

From the run condition 774 the processor instructions operate to executea timing or clock function as represented by step 778. When certainperiodic elapsed time periods are reached as represented by a step 780the instructions are operative to cause a check of the external memoryas represented by step 782. The check of the external memory in anexemplary embodiment includes making a determination as to the contentof the external memory.

As represented by a step 784 the processor circuitry is operative tocalculate a CRC value for the instructions included in external memory.A comparison is then made of the calculated CRC value to the header CRCvalue associated with the instructions in external memory as representedin step 786. If it is determined in a step 788 that the external memoryis blank, such as might happen if factory installed instructions arefound on initial start up of the slave controller, then a step is takento copy the instructions in internal memory to the external memory aslater discussed. If the external memory is not blank but the calculatedCRC value for the instructions in external memory does not correspond tothe CRC value in the header data as determined in a step 790, then thelogic proceeds to copy the instructions in internal memory to theexternal memory as represented in a step 792. However, if in step 790the CRC values for the instructions in the external memory correspond,then the logic returns to the run condition.

From step 792 where the instructions in internal memory are copied tothe external memory, the CRC value for the copied instructions inexternal memory is calculated in a step 794. A comparison is made to theCRC value in the header data of the instructions copied to externalmemory as represented in a step 796. If in a step 798 the calculated andheader CRC values correspond, then the logic returns to the runcondition.

If in step 798 however the calculated and header CRC values do notcorrespond, a determination is made in a step 812 as to whether a priorattempt has been made to copy the instructions in internal memory toexternal memory. If no prior attempt has been made, then the logicreturns to step 792 and a further attempt is made to copy theinstructions in internal memory to the external memory. However if instep 812 it is determined that a prior attempt to copy the internalmemory to the external memory has been unsuccessfully made, then theprocessor circuitry is operative to send a message to the mastercontroller to report the condition at a step 814. The logic then movesto a step 816 in which the slave controller suspends operation or goesinto a default operation mode and waits for further correctiveinstructions. If during operation, a controller detects a softwaremalfunction, the processor operates in accordance with its instructionsto copy the executable instructions from external memory to internalmemory. The processor then calculates the CRC value for the softwareinstructions copied to internal memory. The processor then compares thecalculated CRC value to the included header CRC valve. If the CRC valvesare the same the processor executes a restart. Generally this willenable the controller to automatically recover from a softwaremalfunction. In the exemplary water management system the mastercontroller as well as each slave controller has instructions that enablesuch recovery.

It should be understood that this logic flow associated with theexemplary embodiment is merely one of numerous different implementationswhich may be used for purposes of enabling the system to be providedwith updated executable instructions and to apply such instructions tothe master controller and slave assemblies utilized in such systems. Inother embodiments other arrangements and approaches may be used.

As used herein, the terms “component” and “system” are intended toencompass hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.Thus, for example, a system or component may be a process, a processexecuting on a processor, or a processor. Additionally, a component orsystem may be localized on a single device or distributed across severaldevices.

In exemplary embodiments, the master controller may wirelesslycommunicate with a portable user interface device to provide variousoutputs and to receive different commands and instructions as previouslydescribed herein. In some exemplary arrangements the portable userdevice may include a smart phone or tablet device of the typespreviously discussed. Further in exemplary arrangements such portableuser devices may include circuit executable instructions that provide agraphical user interface for a user that enables the user to viewinformation regarding the operational status of the devices included inthe system, historical information regarding such devices and systemoperation, as well as to provide inputs which can change or setoperational features of the devices within the system. In an exemplaryarrangement the circuit executable instructions which operate on theportable user device are operative to enable wireless communication withthe master controller so as to enable the portable user device toreceive wireless messages that include the operational data, historicaldata, configuration data and other data that correspond to the output tobe provided through the graphical user interface of the portable device.

FIGS. 64-93 are exemplary screen outputs provided through a portableuser device and which provide a graphical user interface for an operatorthe system to obtain information regarding the system, add devices orremove devices from operative connection with the system, changeconfiguration parameters for operation of system devices, and carry outother functions. It should be understood that this graphical userinterface arrangement is exemplary, and numerous other arrangements maybe utilized in connections with systems of exemplary embodiments.

Graphical user interface screen 948 shown in FIG. 64 is an output fromthe portable user device which corresponds to a “dashboard” of systeminformation. The portable user device wirelessly communicates with themaster controller. This exemplary user interface screen providesinformation determined through operation of the master controllerregarding water flow through the system on the current day, as well as adaily average during the last 30 days. Screen 948 also provides anindication of the volume of water that a softener included in the systemis capable of treating before a need for action to be taken such as torefill the softener with softener salt. Screen 948 further includesgraphical icons representative of movable switches which indicate thatthe water treatment device, which in this case is a softener, is set tooperational. A switch also indicates that the water flow is in an oncondition. From screen 948, the user is enabled to provide inputs thatenable changing these switches between the off and on conditions. Thisis done in the exemplary arrangement through an input device arrangementof a touchscreen of the portable user device. In this exemplaryarrangement changing the “treatment” switch to “off” will cause thewater softener to be bypassed so that the system delivers untreatedwater. This might be done for example when the operator of the systemplans to use untreated water to water a lawn or other activity that doesnot require treated water. The “water” switch can be turned to “off” toplace the valve associated with the water softener or a facilityentrance delivery valve in the shut off position. This action isoperative to shut off water to the house or other facility in which thesystem is located. This might be done when a user desires to leave foran extended time and does not want water to be available in the eventthat any leaks or other conditions which might cause undesired waterusage to occur.

FIG. 65 includes a graphical user interface output screen 950. Screen950 is a “dashboard” screen which is associated with screen 948. Screen950 in the exemplary arrangement can be accessed by sliding fingermovement in engagement with the touchscreen of the portable device toexpose a notifications area of the display. In the exemplary arrangementthe notifications area indicates alarm conditions or other detectedconditions concerning which the master controller is programmed tonotify the user. In the exemplary screen 950 there is an indication thata notification regarding continuous flow was given by the mastercontroller to a user's portable device. In the exemplary arrangement thenotification information includes the date and time that thenotification was given. Of course this approach is exemplary and inother embodiments other information and functionality may be included ina high level dashboard or system overview interface portion.

The exemplary graphical user interface also provides for the user toselect to receive outputs related to operation of the overall system.The system selections enable the user, by providing inputs to at leastone input device of the portable user device, to view current statusinformation, historical information, or advanced information about thesystem. FIG. 66 shows an exemplary screen 952 that is producedresponsive to user selecting “system” information through an input tothe touchscreen. In the exemplary arrangement such an input results inscreen 952 providing an initial output that corresponds to “status”information. However, in the exemplary arrangement the user may provideinputs to the touchscreen to select “history” information or “advanced”information regarding the system.

In the exemplary screen 952, status information regarding the particularsystem is provided. In the exemplary system which includes a watersoftener, screen 952 indicates a “system setting” that the regenerationtime for the softener is set to 2 AM. The screen further indicates to auser that by providing a touchscreen input, the regeneration time can bechanged. The exemplary output screen further indicates that the currentsystem water source is a private water well. In the exemplaryarrangement if other water sources are available, such as a reservoir,such alternative sources can be selected through a drop-down menu. Theexemplary screen further provides the ability for user to select an“information” icon to obtain programmed guidance and assistanceregarding the information that is displayed and available options thatthe user may select.

The exemplary screen 952 also includes a “notifications” listing. Thisexemplary listing includes conditions that will result in the mastercontroller providing notifications to a user device, such as theportable user device that provides the graphical user interface and/or aseparate user smart phone. In the exemplary screen 952 notification isgiven of water usage during a “quiet time” window. In the exemplaryarrangement shown the quiet time is set to start at 10 PM and end at7:30 AM. If water use is detected by a slave controller and reported tothe master controller during this time window, wireless communicationsindicative of the water use are sent to the user's device or devices.The exemplary user interface enables the user to change the start andend times through inputs through the touchscreen.

The exemplary user interface further provides a notification to a userwhen a set maximum flow rate is exceeded. In the exemplary screen 952the maximum flow rate is set at 5 GPM. This maximum flow rate can bechanged through inputs to the exemplary touchscreen interface. When thisflow rate is detected by the master controller as being exceeded, suchas possibly due to a broken pipe or other problematic condition, themaster controller will operate in accordance with its circuit executableinstructions to provide a notification to user's portable device(s). Inthe exemplary arrangement the user is also enabled to select actions tobe taken in response to the maximum flow rate being exceeded. In theexemplary arrangement in addition to sending a notification to user'sportable device(s), water flow to the house or other facility is shutoff. As shown in screen 952 a drop-down menu is provided which includesdifferent options and combinations of actions that can be selected to betaken when the maximum flow rate is exceeded.

The exemplary interface further provides the capability to provide anotification when water flow is detected continuously for a set periodof time. Further in the exemplary arrangement the user interface enablesthe user to set a time during which if detected flow is continuous, themaster controller will shut off water flow to the facility. This is bestshown in screen 954 shown in FIG. 67. As can be appreciated in theexemplary arrangement screen 954 is accessed by sliding the outputdisplay on the touchscreen. In the exemplary arrangement the times ofcontinuous flow after which a notice is given by the master controller,as well as the time of continuous flow that results in the mastercontroller shutting off all water flow can be set through inputs by userto the touchscreen interface. Of course this feature is exemplary andother embodiments other approaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement a feature is further provided where theuser can configure the master controller to provide a wirelessnotification in the event that the total volume of water flow during agiven day exceeds a set level. As shown in screen 954, in the exemplaryarrangement the user has configured the system to provide a notificationto the user's portable wireless device(s) in the event that the totalvolume of water that flows through the system exceeds 350 gallons duringany day of the week. As shown, this set volume of water can be varied ona daily basis by the user providing inputs through the touchscreen. Thusfor example, if a user expects a facility to be unoccupied on a givenday (Sunday for example) and water usage exceeds a low set level whichthe user can set (for example 5 gallons) the user will be notified ofthe unexpected condition. Of course these approaches are exemplary andother embodiments other approaches may be used

As shown in a screen 956 in FIG. 68 the exemplary user interface furtherincludes the ability for the user to provide custom device names foreach device that is in operative connection with the master controller.This portion of the user interface for “custom device names” in screen956 is accessed in the exemplary arrangement by sliding a finger on thetouchscreen from screen 954. In the exemplary arrangement the mastercontroller is operative to provide an output that shows the nature ofeach device based on the function data which is included in the storeddata in the device type hardware module of the particular slavecontroller. This information is shown on the left in the exemplaryembodiment. By providing inputs through the touchscreen, the user isenabled to provide a custom device name for each of the particulardevices. This is done in the exemplary embodiment by the circuitexecutable instructions on the portable user device providing a keyboardoutput on the touchscreen display through which the user can input acustom device name for each connected device. In the exemplaryarrangement the circuit executable instructions will use the inputcustom device names for purposes of providing information about eachdevice from the user interface in a manner later discussed. Of coursethese approaches are exemplary and other embodiments other approachesand arrangements of information may be provided.

As shown in FIG. 69, in an exemplary arrangement the user is enabled toobtain outputs that indicate historical information regarding thesystem. This is represented by a screen 958. In the exemplary embodimentthe functions associated with screen 958 are accessed by a usercontacting the touchscreen while screen 956 is being output to selectthe “history” icon. In the exemplary arrangement screen 958 includesdata concerning water usage over different periods of time. In theexemplary arrangement these time periods include the last 60 minutes, aswell as the last 90 days. The exemplary embodiment also provides outputswhich indicates the peak liquid flow per half hour during the last 24hours, as well as the peak flow per day during the past 90 days. Thisinformation enables the user to evaluate the water flow through thesystem over time to identify anomalies. Of course it should beunderstood that these time periods and outputs are exemplary, and inother embodiments other types of output regarding flow and usage may beprovided.

Screen 958 also provides an event log of events which have occurred inthe system. The event log includes actions that normally occur duringsystem operation such as regeneration of the water softener. In theexemplary arrangement the event log also includes events that correspondto exceptions that the system is programmed to note and/or notify theuser's mobile device(s) about. Such events include for example,situations where continuous flow beyond a set period of time is noted.It also includes events where a leak is detected and the flow of wateris shut off. Other events that are noted are the addition or removal ofdevices in connection with the system. In the exemplary arrangement themost recent event is listed at the beginning of the listing. In theexemplary arrangement the user is enabled to access earlier events bysliding a finger on the touchscreen to expose earlier events as shown byscreen 960 in FIG. 70. Of course this arrangement is exemplary and inother embodiments other approaches may be used, such as displayingdifferent types of activities carried out by the system as well as otherevents which have occurred.

As represented by a screen 962 in FIG. 71, with the user interface inthe “system” setting, a user is enabled to provide an input to selectthe “advanced” functions. In the exemplary arrangement the “advanced”functions are associated with the ability to change system componentsand communication capabilities.

As shown in screen 962, the exemplary arrangement includes the abilityto select functions associated with “hub network settings.” Theseselections enable changing communication parameters associated with themaster controller. For example the capabilities are provided for a userto change their password to access the master controller capabilities.Also capabilities are provided to have the master controller join a newnetwork or to leave a network. These are accomplished in the exemplaryarrangement by the selection of the indicated icons which then provideoutputs through additional screens that lead the user through theoptional changes and selections. Of course these output and inputcapabilities are exemplary and in other embodiments other capabilitiesmay be provided.

As represented in screen 962 as well as screen 964 shown in FIG. 72, theuser interface enables the user to add or remove devices from thesystem. The exemplary user interface provides a switch icon which a userchanges when they wish to add device components to the system. Asrepresented in screens 962 and 964, the switch icon for adding devicesis set to “off.” In the condition where devices are not being added, theportable user device operates to output the information concerning thedevices that are connected in the system. In the exemplary embodimentshown the master controller is referred to as a “hub.” For each of thedevices associated with a slave controller the information from thedevice which indicates the device type identifier is output as well asthe custom name assigned by the user. In the exemplary arrangement thecustom name is presented in parentheses. In the exemplary arrangementeach device has associated therewith a “remove” icon. In the event thata user would wish to remove one of the devices currently connected inthe system, the user may provide an input through the touchscreenselecting the “remove” icon associated with the particular device. Inresponse to such selection the exemplary portable user device isoperative to ask the user to confirm that they wish to remove the devicefrom the system. In response to a confirmation, the device will beremoved. The selected removal of the device will also be communicated tothe master controller which changes its configuration programming couldno longer communicate wirelessly with the removed slave controller anddevice. Of course this approach is exemplary and other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

In exemplary arrangements as previously discussed, new slave controllerswhich include appropriate circuit executable instructions and data forjoining in the system, include the capabilities to communicate with andto be controlled by the master controller. However in exemplaryarrangements, such new devices will not automatically join and becomepart of the system unless the user has provided appropriate inputs so asto enable the slave controller to be part of the system. In exemplaryarrangements changing the condition of the “add device, components”switch icon to an “on” condition will result in the user interfaceproviding outputs related to slave controller devices that have beendiscovered but not integrated with the system. In exemplaryarrangements, information regarding the new device will be presented,and an “add” icon presented in connection therewith. By providing aninput to the touchscreen interface to select the “add” icon, the circuitexecutable instructions operating on the portable user device areoperative to wirelessly communicate with the master controller so as tocause the new slave controller and device to be integrated and operatedby the master controller as part of the system.

In some exemplary arrangements, if the device is of a particular type,such as an additional water softener, the master controller is operativeto cause output of configuration prompts through the graphical userinterface to facilitate the desired configuration of the new device. Forexample, the master controller will cause outputs which prompt a user toselect whether the new softener which is being added is to run inparallel with the existing softener (so that the maximum available flowof treated water is greater) or whether the new softener is to operatein series with the existing softener so as to provide additional watertreatment. In the exemplary arrangement, the master controller includesin its circuit executable instructions, a default selection for suchcircumstances. In the exemplary arrangement, the default selection is tooperate the new softener in a parallel arrangement with the existingsoftener. However the outputs through the graphical user interfaceenable the user to provide inputs to the touchscreen that can change thedefault settings to other configurations that the user desires. Itshould be understood that these capabilities are associated with othertypes of slave controllers and devices that may be added to the system.The exemplary system facilitates the ability for user to add and deletenew and existing devices with the minimum of effort or need forprogramming expertise.

FIG. 73 shows an output screen 966. Screen 966 is provided when theportable user device is operated using a remote Wi-Fi connection. In theexemplary arrangement, the master controller is programmed to prevent“advanced” system changes to be instituted through a remote connection.This is done in some exemplary embodiments to prevent activities thatcould result from hackers gaining remote access to the system. Thisexemplary screen is output to indicate to a user that is attempting tomake changes under the “advanced” category, that certain selectedchanges may only be made through a portable user device that operates ona local connection. Of course it should be understood that this approachis exemplary, and in other arrangements additional security features maybe integrated with the system so that changes in configuration that arepermitted through the “advanced” selection menu, may be carried outthrough a device that communicates with the system via a remoteconnection.

In the exemplary arrangement the user is enabled to review informationregarding specific devices that are connected in the system. This isrepresented by a screen 968 shown in FIG. 74. Screen 968 is presentedresponsive to user providing an input through the touchscreen of theportable device to select the “devices” category. Responsive to theselection input, a listing is presented as shown of the devices that areconnected in the system. In the exemplary embodiment the user is enabledto select each of the devices and obtain information regarding eachdevice, as well as to change configuration information with respect tosuch devices.

In an exemplary arrangement if the user provides an input from screen968 to select the “softener,” a screen 970 shown in FIG. 75 is outputthrough the portable user device. In the exemplary arrangement screen970 outputs status information regarding the water softener. As shown inscreen 970 the output starts with a softener designated as “unit 1”which is indicated to be in the “service” condition. If there aremultiple water softeners connected in the system information regardingthe additional units will be presented in a manner later discussed. Inthe exemplary arrangement the user is provided with the option toreceive additional information regarding the water softener unit byproviding an input to the touchscreen in the area of the “unit” output.

In the exemplary arrangement information regarding the water softenerunit that is presented includes information regarding the current waterflow from the unit, which in the current state shown is indicated to be0. A switch icon is also provided which enables the user to changebetween having the softener be “in-service” and “out of service” byproviding inputs through the touchscreen. In addition the user isenabled to set the water hardness of the water that has been treated bythe unit. The exemplary screen indicates the current set hardness andenables the user by providing touchscreen inputs to left and rightarrows, to increase or decrease the hardness setting. Changing thesetting may change the flow rates, regeneration frequency and otheroperational parameters which are employed by the master controller inthe operation of one or more water treatment devices. Of course thisapproach is exemplary and other embodiments other approaches may beused.

The exemplary display output associated with the softener furtherincludes the capability for the user to override the programmedregeneration instructions which are currently stored in the mastercontroller. As shown in screen 970 the selected water softener isindicated to be operating on a “normal” regeneration cycle. Thisindicates that regeneration will occur in accordance with the parametersthat have been previously programmed. However in the event that the userwishes to override the stored instructions, the exemplary interfaceenables the user to select the option to regenerate the softenerimmediately by providing input to the touchscreen. Further, the user canselect to “regenerate tonight” in which case the master controller willoperate to regenerate the softener unit at the time that is set throughthe “advanced” settings during the evening of the day that the input isprovided. In addition the exemplary interface provides an output whichindicates the time which must pass before the regeneration based on theoverride input will occur. Of course these approaches and outputs areexemplary and other embodiments other approaches may be used.

Screen 972 shown in FIG. 76 can be accessed in the exemplary embodimentby providing a slide input to the touchscreen from screen 970. Theexemplary screen 972 includes status details for the water softenerunit. In the exemplary arrangement the status details include the numberof gallons treated since the last regeneration of the softener unit. Theexemplary output further includes information regarding the number ofgallons that can be treated before the tank is considered depleted andregeneration must occur. Further in the exemplary arrangement screen 972provides icons which a user can select to have the softener undergoregeneration immediately. Further the user is enabled to provide aninput that causes a reset of the control valve on the softener so as toassure that it is properly set in accordance with the readings of theassociated optical encoder. Such a selection in the exemplary embodimentresults in the valve carrying out recalibration so as to assure that itis working properly. In exemplary arrangements this function is carriedout automatically on a periodic basis responsive to the circuitexecutable instructions included with the master controller. Howeversuch recalibration can also be instructed manually through a userselection. Further the exemplary embodiment enables the user to provideinputs so as to provide an identifier to be associated with thisparticular device. Also in the exemplary arrangement the screen output972 includes an indication of when the unit was added to the system. Ofcourse these approaches are exemplary and other embodiments, otherapproaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement a user is enabled to select the “history”associated with the softener device by providing an input through thetouchscreen display after the softener device has been selected. In theexemplary arrangement the selection of the “history” icon causes theoutput of screen 974 shown in FIG. 77. In the exemplary arrangement theuser interface device is operative to provide information regarding theactivities carried out by the softener. In the exemplary arrangement theportable user device is operative to output information regarding thereserve capacity use of the softener. Also provided is the number ofregeneration cycles carried out by the unit, as well as the total volumeof water treated by the unit. In addition, the outputs include the totalvolume of water treated since the last time a reset input was providedto the interface. Also the interface provides the capability for theuser to input a “reset” which will cause the “total treated since lastreset” value to be set to 0.

In the exemplary arrangement the master controller is operative tomonitor the current that is drawn by the main softener valve motorduring the regeneration cycle. The exemplary output includes the currentdraw of the motor during the first regeneration cycle as well as thecurrent draw of the motor in the last regeneration cycle to haveoccurred. The exemplary arrangement also provides a graphic outputindicating the current draw over the course of the last 12 months. Inthe exemplary arrangement the graph shows a motor that has been inoperation for less than 12 months and thus the graph provides only areading during a partial 12 month period. The exemplary arrangementfurther provides the capability to reset the current draw settings. Ofcourse these approaches are exemplary and other embodiments otherapproaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement further outputs associated with the historyof the softener can be accessed by sliding a finger on the touchscreendisplay to bring focus to a screen 976 shown in FIG. 78. Screen 976includes the capability for a user to provide a setting so that thesoftener has a certain amount of “reserve capacity.” This reservecapacity which is set at a percentage, is used to control the operationof the softener so that the softener can treat a greater volume of waterthan anticipated before the occurrence of the next scheduledregeneration cycle. This capability enables the water softener tocontinue to operate properly even though a time has been reached whenoptimally a regeneration cycle would occur.

The exemplary output also provides a setting for overriding theregeneration schedule that is otherwise programmed to occur. In someexemplary arrangements a user may wish to change the regenerationschedule which has been programmed to cause regeneration to occur eitherearlier or later than the programmed time on a consistent basis. Thismay be done based on a user's preferences regarding the water qualityproduced by the software. The time period for overriding theregeneration settings can be set to inputs in response to thepresentation of the screen 976.

Further screen 976 shows the time period associated with each of thedifferent steps that occur in connection with the regeneration of thewater softener. While in the exemplary arrangement these are set todefault values through the programming associated with the mastercontroller and/or the valve slave controller, the exemplary arrangementenables the user to adjust the settings. Adjustments can be made to eachof the regeneration steps through inputs to “adjust” the time valuesunder each step category. This may be done by a user who wishes tochange and customize the settings to achieve certain desired waterquality. Of course these approaches are exemplary and other embodimentsother approaches may be used.

A screen 978 shown in FIG. 79 is associated with selection of a devicethat is identified as a “sidekick” filter. In the exemplary arrangementthe sidekick filter is a device of the type shown in U.S. Pat. No.9,970,558 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Thesidekick filter is a filter that operates to oxidize contaminants inwater to reduce the hardness thereof.

Screen 978 is presented to indicate to a user the “status” of thesidekick filter. It includes some outputs similar to that discussed inconnection with the water softener. For example it indicates theparticular “unit” designation associated with the filter. In this caseit is “unit 1” and if there were additional units information concerningthose would be shown by outputs from the display. Details regarding theparticular unit can also be accessed and presented through the displayby providing inputs in a manner like that previously discussed.

The exemplary display further provides a switch icon which shows thatthe unit is currently in service. Inputs to the touchscreen display maybe used to change the switch icon to take the unit out of service.Outputs through the screen 978 further show the current water flowthrough the unit. Also output is the frequency information concerningthe number of days between regeneration cycles for the unit. The outputcurrently shows that the regeneration frequency is 6 days. However, thiscan be changed by the user providing inputs by touching the arrow keys.These features are shown in the enlarged view of screen 978 in FIG. 80.

The exemplary screen 978 further includes an output that indicatesinformation regarding the regeneration cycle for the sidekick filter. Asshown in screen 978 the regeneration cycle is indicated to be operatingon the “normal” program cycle set by the master controller. Screen 978further includes an output that indicates to the user the time remainingbefore the sidekick filter will undergo its next regeneration cycle.However the exemplary embodiment further includes the ability for userto select icons which provide the capability to have the sidekick filterundergo a regeneration cycle immediately, as well as the option to havethe sidekick filter regenerate at a programmed time the followingevening. Of course these approaches are exemplary and in otherembodiments other approaches may be used.

As shown in FIG. 80 the exemplary screen further includes an output thatindicates the aeration recharge frequency of the sidekick filter. Theexemplary sidekick filter uses air to accomplish oxidation ofcontaminants included in the water that is treated by passing to thetank. The exemplary arrangement enables the air in the filter to bereplenished on a different cycle from the regeneration cycle. This airrecharge cycle is settable through inputs through the user interface ofthe portable user device. In the exemplary arrangement the rechargefrequency is set to one day. The exemplary display also outputs the timebefore the air recharge will occur. Icons are provided to enable theuser to increase or decrease the air recharge frequency associated withthe air recharge function. This is done in the exemplary embodiment bythe user providing inputs by contacting the “arrow” icons. Thus the usermay choose to have the air replenished in the sidekick filter on a moreor less frequent basis depending on the preferences of the user and thedesired water quality. Of course these approaches are exemplary andother embodiments other approaches may be used.

The user is also enabled to select a “history” icon associated with thesidekick filter. Providing an input to select this icon results in thepresentation of the screen 980 shown in FIG. 81. In the exemplaryarrangement screen 980 includes historical information regarding thenumber of regeneration cycles carried out by the sidekick filter unit aswell as the volume of water that has been treated by the unit with thecontrol valve that is currently installed. A “reset” icon is alsoprovided to enable user to reset the total that is output since theprior reset. Screen 980 also includes information regarding the powerdrawn by the motor which controls the valve associated with the sidekickfilter. Outputs are provided which show the original power draw during acycle as well as the most recent power draw during a cycle. A graph isalso provided to indicate how the power draw has changed over time. Thisenables identifying possible issues with the motor or the valve whichmay be indicative of a developing problem. Of course these outputs andselectable parameters associated with the sidekick filter are exemplaryand other embodiments other approaches may be used.

The user is also enabled to select an “advanced” icon associated withthe sidekick filter. Selection of the “advanced” icon results in thepresentation of a screen 982 which is shown in FIG. 82. The screenoutput in FIG. 82 shows settable options associated with the sidekickfilter. For example the sidekick filter may provide the capability todeliver a disinfectant such as Oxyclean® or other disinfectant inconnection with each regeneration cycle. By providing inputs through thetouchscreen, the user is enabled to change the regeneration cycle so asto either provide disinfectant or not, during each regeneration cycle.Of course the ability to change the configuration of the unit so as toprovide disinfectant depends on a disinfectant supply being availablefor delivery to the sidekick filter.

Also is shown in screen 982, the exemplary arrangement provides anoutput showing the times associated with each of the steps in theregeneration process associated with the sidekick filter. These timeperiods for the different steps that are carried out in the regenerationprocess in some cases are enabled to be changed by user by selecting an“adjust” icon. This enables the user to change the operation of thesidekick filter to suit their particular operational requirements. Inaddition the exemplary embodiment enables a user to limit operation ofthe motor associated with the sidekick filter to prevent the filter frombeing in certain positions. This may be done through inputs indicativeof certain cycle conditions that are to be prevented under certaincircumstances during operation of the filter. Of course these approachesare exemplary and other embodiments other approaches may be used.

FIG. 83 shows a screen 984 which is output responsive to selection of aleak detector device from the “devices” list. In the exemplaryarrangement the leak detector device has been designated as associatedwith a water heater in the system. In the exemplary arrangement theportable user device is operative to output an interface associated withthe particular detector.

As previously discussed a leak detector is associated with a moisturesensor that is operative to detect the presence of moisture in an areathat represents a probable leak or other undesirable condition. Theexemplary screen 984 provides an output that indicates that the leakdetector is in an operational condition and is operative to detectmoisture. In addition as previously discussed, the exemplary leakdetector is associated with a temperature sensor. The exemplarytemperature sensor is used to detect possible problematic conditions inthe environment of the leak detector. These problematic conditions in anexemplary arrangement include the temperature being too cold whichpresents a risk of freezing, as well as a temperature that is higherthan a set point that indicates a potential problem condition such ashot water leak or fire.

As shown in screen 984 the exemplary user interface provides an outputthat indicates the current temperature as detected by the leak detector.The exemplary user interface also indicates the low temperature at whicha notification is to be given to user device(s), as well as the hightemperature at which a notification is to be given. As represented inthe screen 984 these notification temperatures can be changed throughuser inputs through the touchscreen by the selection of the arrow icons.

In addition the exemplary user interface screen 984 shows whatoperations are carried out by the master controller in the event that aleak is detected. In the exemplary arrangement shown, the actionsinclude shutting off the water flow to the facility and sending anotification to a user's portable device(s). In the exemplary interfacearrangement a drop-down menu is available that enables a user to selectother options that can be taken in response to the detection ofmoisture. Of course these output and options associated with the leakdetector are exemplary and other embodiments other approaches may beused.

It should be appreciated that the screens output associated with devicesare configured to be output for each different type of slave controllerand associated device that is connected in the system. The output andselectable options will vary with the particular type of device and itsassociated capabilities. Further the outputs will vary in situationswhere multiple devices of the same type are present. This enables theuser to review the outputs and provide configuration settings for eachof the particular slave controllers and associated devices that areincluded in the system.

FIGS. 84 through 91 show user interface screens that are output in anexemplary arrangement when multiple devices of the same type areincluded in the system. In the exemplary screens shown the system hastwo water softener units operatively connected in the system under thecontrol of the master controller. It should be understood that thesescreens are exemplary, and when other multiple units of the same typeare included in the system, similar user interface outputs may beprovided in connection with such devices.

As shown in the screen 986 in FIG. 84 when two water softeners areincluded in the system, user interface screens are provided whichindicate the status of each unit. In the exemplary user interface, theoutputs and selections associated with each water softener are similarto those discussed in connection with a system that includes a singlewater softener. These include the capabilities to take a unit out ofservice or to place it in service. They also include the capabilities toset the hardness of the water that is treated by the unit. Also providedis an indication of the current water flow. An indication of theregeneration status is also provided as well as input selections toregenerate the unit immediately or at a future time.

As shown in a screen 998 in FIG. 85 the exemplary user interfaceprovides information related to each water softener unit. Options toregenerate the unit, recalibrate the unit, and input customized namingfor the unit are also provided. Screen 988 shows these capabilitiesassociated with the water softener unit that is designated as unitnumber 1. A screen 990 shown in FIG. 86 provides output and inputcapabilities for the softener unit that is designated as Unit Number 2in the exemplary system.

Similar to the information provided in connection with the system thathas a single water softener unit, a system with multiple softener unitsalso provides the information of a historical nature which can beaccessed by selecting the “history” icon as represented by a screen 992in FIG. 87. In the exemplary arrangement the circuit executableinstructions associated with the master controller and the userinterface, provide outputs that reflect the data for the overall systemas well as each of the softener units individually. This includesinformation regarding the number of regeneration cycles and the volumeof water that has been treated. Information output also includeshistorical information regarding the control valve associated with thesoftener valve controller. Information regarding each of the watersoftener control valves is provided such that potential problematicconditions and developing trends can be identified, and valves or motorswhich may be showing signs of developing malfunctions may be replaced.

As shown in the exemplary screen 994 shown in FIG. 88 some exemplarysoftener units may include a separate bypass valve arrangement of thetypes previously discussed. The bypass valve arrangement associated withthe particular softener is associated by the interface with theassociated water softener and presented in the exemplary display inconnection with the data associated with the water softener. As shown inscreen 994 data regarding the bypass valve motors used in connectionwith the bypass valve slave controller operatively connected with thewater softener is shown. Of course this information regarding theassociated bypass valve and slave controllers associated therewith isexemplary and in other embodiments other information may be provided.

A screen 996 shown in FIG. 89 has data related to the water softenerthat is designated as Unit 2 in the exemplary system. The screenprovides outputs that include information regarding the volume of waterthat has been treated, the number of regeneration cycles and thesoftener valve motor data. A screen 998 which is accessed by fingerengagement with the touchscreen and be further used to access additionalinformation about the bypass valves of the bypass unit and slavecontroller that is in operative connection with softener Unit Number 2.Of course it should be understood that these output and selections areexemplary and in other embodiments other approaches may be used.

In addition, as represented in the screen 1012 shown in FIG. 91 theexemplary system provides the capabilities for accessing the “advanced”functions for each softener unit in a manner like that previouslydiscussed. These include for example, the ability to provide settingsfor reserve capacity, regeneration override capabilities and othersettings which can be viewed and modified through inputs to theexemplary user interface. In addition for each softener unit the user isenabled to view the times associated with each of the regeneration stepswhich are carried out through operation of the master controller foreach unit. The user is further enabled to change these time periods byselecting an “adjust” icon that is associated with the particular timeperiods. Further in exemplary arrangements the user is enabled toprovide inputs to change relationships between the softener units suchas to configure the operation thereof to operate in parallel or inseries as previously discussed. Of course other or differentcapabilities may be provided in exemplary systems depending on thecapabilities of the particular devices and the parameters and settingswhich apply thereto.

In the exemplary arrangement the user is also enabled to select otheroptions through the graphical user interface. For example, asrepresented by a screen 1014 shown in FIG. 92, a user can receiveoutputs which indicate their particular account settings. The screenenables the user to provide inputs to select different icons whichenable access to menus that allow the user to make configurationchanges. For example an icon is included that enables a user to edit auser profile. Selecting this icon provides prompts which show currentsettings such as the current user name, email address and other datathat the system associates with the particular user. This may alsoinclude permission data which indicates the user status in connectionwith the system. For example in exemplary arrangements a user may begranted the authority associated with an “administrator” status whichenables the user to make changes to numerous different aspects of thesystem. Other users may be granted lesser authority based on beingdesignated as having a status of a servicer or other user category. Inexemplary arrangements the user category assigned to other users may bechanged through inputs provided by an administrator user, for example.

In exemplary arrangements the account settings may include thecapability to provide access for purposes of setting up a new system, aswell as adding an additional system to the current master controller.These capabilities are accessed by providing an input selecting theindicated “new DROP system” icon. In addition the exemplary accountinterface enables the setting of certain access control parameters byselection of the corresponding icon. Such selection causes the portableuser device to provide outputs which indicate current selections andprovide the user with the capability to make certain changes. Furtherthe exemplary system enables the user to select a “notifications” icon.Selection of the notifications icon enables a user to see outputscorresponding to the current notification settings and the circumstancesunder which notifications will be given. Further in the exemplaryarrangement the user is enabled to set the user device addresses towhich the notifications are given. Of course these capabilities andoptions are exemplary and in other embodiments other approaches may beused.

Further as indicated in screen 1014 the exemplary system furtherincludes the ability to access a “help” menu. The selection enables theuser to obtain information regarding different settings and systemcapabilities which may be helpful to the user in the configuration ofthe system and in understanding the capabilities that are available. Ofcourse these arrangements and capabilities are exemplary and in otherembodiments other capabilities, functionality and options may beprovided.

FIG. 110 shows an alternative arrangement of a water management systemgenerally indicated 1602. Water management system 1602 may be generallysimilar to system 550 previously discussed, except as otherwisespecified. System 1602 includes a master controller 1604. Mastercontroller 1604 includes processor circuitry 1606. The processorcircuitry is in operative connection with at least one internal memorywhich is alternatively referred to herein as at least one data store1608.

The exemplary master controller 1604 includes at least one communicationportal. In the exemplary arrangement the master controller is inoperative connection with a wireless communication portal 1610. Wirelesscommunication portal 1610 is operative to enable the master controllerto communicate with a plurality of slave controllers in a manner likethat previously discussed. In the exemplary arrangement the slavecontrollers include a valve slave controller 1612. The valve slavecontroller is associated with a motor that is operative to control theconditions of a valve and a liquid treatment tank in a manner like thatpreviously discussed. The master controller further wirelesslycommunicates through portal 1610 with other slave controllers 1614, 1616and 1618 which may be of the types previously discussed. In thisparticular system the slave controllers further include a remote userinterface slave controller 1620 which is later discussed in detail. Ofcourse it should be understood that numerous different types of slavecontrollers and devices may be used and/or controlled in the systemthrough communications with the master controller.

The exemplary master controller 1604 further includes a communicationsportal 1622. In the exemplary arrangement communications portal 1622 isoperative to communicate directly with a portable user interface device1624.

In the exemplary arrangement the communications portal 1622 may comprisecircuitry for communicating wireless Bluetooth or Near FieldCommunication (NFC) or similar or other radio frequency messagesdirectly with the portable user interface device 1624.

The exemplary master controller 1604 further includes a wirelesscommunication portal 1626. Communication portal 1626 comprises circuitrythat enables wireless communications in a local Wi-Fi networkschematically indicated 1628. In the exemplary arrangementcommunications portal 1626 communicates with a wireless hub device suchas device 1630. Other local wireless devices 1629 are also enabled tocommunicate in the exemplary local wireless network. Of course it shouldbe understood that these communication portals described as being inconnection with the master controller are exemplary and in otherarrangements other types of communication portals may be used.

The exemplary master controller further includes an external memory1632. External memory 1632 is used in a manner like external memory 564that was previously discussed. Exemplary master controller 1604 furtherincludes input devices 1634 and output devices 1636. The exemplary inputdevices may include numerous different types of devices that can receivemanual or other types of inputs from users or devices. The exemplaryoutput devices may include numerous different devices that can providehuman perceivable or machine detectable outputs.

In the exemplary arrangement the master controller is in operativeconnection with at least one manual input device 1638. In the exemplaryarrangement the manual input device 1638 includes a single manuallyactuatable button 1640. The single manually actuatable button isassociated with at least one output device which comprises at least onevisual indicator 1642. Input device 1638 operates in a manner like thatlater discussed which enables the portable user interface device 1624 tosecurely communicate with the master controller 1604 either directly, orthrough a local area network.

As schematically represented in FIG. 110 the portable user interfacedevice 1624 includes processor circuitry 1644. The processor circuitry1644 is in operative connection with at least one data store 1646. Theexemplary portable user interface device further includes circuitrywhich comprises at least one wireless communication portal. In theexemplary arrangement a communication portal 1648 enables localcommunications directly with the master controller. Communicationsportal 1648 may include for example, circuitry that is operative toprovide Bluetooth, NFC or other direct communications with communicationportal 1622 of the master controller. Such communications may enabledirect communication between the portable user interface device 1624 andthe master controller 1604.

The exemplary portable user interface device circuitry further includesa communications portal 1650. In the exemplary arrangementcommunications portal 1650 includes circuitry that enables the portableuser interface device 1624 to wirelessly communicate in the local Wi-Finetwork 1628. A further wireless communication portal 1652 comprisescircuitry that enables the portable user interface device to wirelesslycommunicate in a cellular communications network schematically indicated1654.

The exemplary portable user interface device further includes inputdevices schematically indicated 1656 and output devices schematicallyindicated 1658. In the exemplary arrangement the portable user interfacedevice may include a display 1660 which includes a touchscreen so as toprovide integrated input and output functionality. Of course it shouldbe understood that the portable user interface device may includenumerous different or additional types of devices therein.

In the exemplary arrangement the local area Wi-Fi network 1628 includesa local server 1662. Local server 1662 includes processor and othercircuitry 1664. In the exemplary arrangement the circuitry 1664 includesat least one suitable interface that enables server 1662 to communicatein the local area network as well as in one or more other local or widearea networks schematically represented 1666. In exemplary arrangementsnetworks 1666 may include public networks such as the Internet.

In the exemplary arrangement the cellular network 1654 includes serversschematically indicated 1668. Servers 1668 also include processors andother circuitry schematically indicated 1670. Circuitry 1670 includesone or more network interfaces that enable the servers to communicate inone or more local or wide area networks schematically indicated 1666.

In the exemplary arrangement a remote server 1672 is in operativeconnection with the one or more networks 1666. In the exemplaryarrangement remote server 1672 is associated with a provider of themaster controller 1604. The provider may be a supplier of all or aportion of the master controller or an entity that provides supportservices for the master controller. In the exemplary arrangement theserver 1672 includes circuitry 1674 which includes processor circuitryand one or more data stores, as well as suitable network interfaces toenable communication through the Internet or other wide area network1666 that is connectable with the portable user interface device 1624through the one or more cellular networks 1654 as well as through thelocal area network server 1662. Of course it should be understood thatthis system configuration is exemplary and other arrangements otherconfigurations may be used.

In exemplary arrangements the portable user interface device 1624 isconfigured to enable communications with the master controller in wayslike those previously discussed herein. This may include for example,receiving messages from the master controller concerning the conditionsof devices or sensors associated with the slave controllers. This mayalso include receiving notifications concerning water use conditions orother conditions that are determined by sensors and/or through operationof the master controller. In exemplary arrangements the portable userinterface device may also be operative responsive to user inputs, tosend wireless instruction messages that are operative to cause themaster controller to wirelessly communicate with selected slavecontrollers and to change the operational conditions of liquid treatmentdevices or other devices associated with a respective slave controller.Of course these features and capabilities are exemplary and in otherarrangements other features and capabilities may be provided.

In the exemplary system the portable user interface device 1624 isenabled to communicate with the master controller through a plurality ofdifferent communication paths. These paths may include directcommunication via Bluetooth, NFC or other wireless communication methodsdirectly between the portable user interface device and the mastercontroller without the wireless messages passing through anyintermediate network. In the exemplary arrangement the portable userinterface device 1624 is also enabled to communicate with the mastercontroller through Wi-Fi communications in the local area network 1628without such messages passing through any other network. In theexemplary arrangements these local communication methods enable theoperator of the portable user interface device 1624 to communicate withthe master controller in circumstances where the user is in proximity tothe master controller. Such local communication is available to enabledirecting and monitoring operation of the system even in circumstanceswhere the cellular communication with the master controller through theInternet or other wide area communication network is not available.

Also in the exemplary arrangement the portable user interface device isenabled to communicate with the master controller from remote locationsthrough cellular communications and the Internet. In the exemplaryarrangement such communication is through the server 1672 that isassociated with the provider of the master controller. The exemplarycircuitry enables the portable user interface device 1624 to communicatewith the remote server associated with the master controller provider1672. Such communications are able to be passed by the server 1672through the Internet or other wide area network connections 1666 to thelocal server 1662, and to the master controller through the local areanetwork. It should be understood that such communications over wide areanetworks may be conducted using suitable security methods such as theuse of encryption and public key certificates that are installed in theportable user interface device 1624, the remote server 1672 and themaster controller 1604. The use of such certificates and a public-keyinfrastructure scheme is useful in the exemplary arrangement forpreventing the interception of messages, and for preventing unauthorizedaccess to the master controller or other devices in the system byunauthorized persons. Such an arrangement may also be useful inconnection with the secured delivery of software updates for the mastercontroller and slave controllers from the server 1672 associated withthe provider, to the portable user interface device 1624. As previouslydiscussed such software updates are transmitted from the portable userinterface device to the master controller for purposes of deploying suchupdates in the system. Of course it should be understood that theseapproaches are exemplary and in other arrangements other approaches maybe used.

In the exemplary arrangement, the portable user interface device isoperative to enable the user to cause the device to communicate with themaster controller either directly or via local area networkcommunications whenever such more direct communications are available.This capability is provided to avoid risking exposing communications bypassing them over the Internet or other wide area networks, and also toenable the user to avoid unnecessary charges imposed by an Internetservice provider associated with increased network traffic. Further inexemplary arrangements the circuit executable instructions that operatein the portable user interface device 1624 enable the user to select thedesired communication method that is employed for communication with themaster controller. Further the exemplary arrangement providesindications to the user from the portable user interface device whichadvise the user as to the nature of the connection that is currentlybeing used to connect the portable user interface device and the mastercontroller. For example as shown in FIG. 111 the circuit executableinstructions that are operative in the circuitry 1644 of the portableuser interface device may selectively provide a display output screen1676 in response to user inputs to review the system status. This outputscreen is presented when the portable user interface device is connectedto the master controller through a local network connection. In theexemplary arrangement the master controller is operative to provide thisoutput to the portable user interface device in connection with output“dashboard” information that can be reviewed through the display of theportable user interface device. In the exemplary arrangement theindicated local network connection refers to either a direct connectionbetween the portable user interface device and the master controller, ora connection through a local area network in which the communications donot pass through any other network.

Further in the exemplary arrangement the portable user interface deviceis operative to provide a first type of master controller identifyingoutput 1678 when the master controller and the portable user interfacedevice are connected through a local network connection. In theexemplary arrangement the master controller identifying output comprisesan icon that is a particular distinct color when the connection is madethrough a local network connection. Of course it should be understoodthat this approach is exemplary and in other arrangements otherapproaches and indicating indicia may be used.

As represented in FIG. 111 the exemplary circuit executable instructionsof the portable user interface device enable the user to provide inputsthat change the nature of the connection between the device and themaster controller. Such inputs also enable the portable user interfacedevice to connect to master controllers used in other water managementsystems that may be appropriately accessed by the user of the device. Inexemplary arrangements the user of the portable user interface devicemay provide inputs that enable connections to other local area networkswhich are available as well as through wide area networks such ascellular connections.

Further the exemplary circuit executable instructions that are operativein the exemplary portable user interface device are operative toindicate through outputs to the user when the user is connected to themaster controller through a remote network connection. This isrepresented by display screen 1680 that is shown in FIG. 112 which ispart of the exemplary dashboard. In the exemplary arrangement thecircuit executable instructions are further operative to provide asecond type of master controller identifying output 1682 which isindicative that the communication with the master controller iscurrently provided through a remote network connection. In the exemplaryarrangement the master controller identifying output 1682 differs frommaster controller identifying output 1678 by being in a differentdistinct color. Of course this approach is exemplary and in otherarrangements other approaches and types of indicating indicia may beused. Further as represented in FIG. 112 the exemplary circuitexecutable instructions in the portable user interface device enablesthe user to provide inputs to connect with the master controller throughother available local or wide area connections. Of course it should beunderstood that this approach is exemplary and in other arrangementsother approaches may be used.

FIGS. 113 through 115 show schematically exemplary logic carried outthrough operation of the exemplary master controller 1664 and theexemplary portable user interface device 1624 for purposes of providingauthorized local wireless connections. In the exemplary arrangement thefact that the user of the portable user interface device 1624 is inproximity to the master controller 1604, and the accessibility of the atleast one manual input device 1638, is utilized to help assure thatsecure local wireless communications are established. Of course itshould be understood that the approaches described are exemplary and inother arrangements other approaches may be used.

As represented in FIG. 113 when the operation of the exemplary mastercontroller is started, the master controller circuitry operates inaccordance with its circuit executable instructions to generate at leastone access key value (AKV) as represented by step 1684. In the exemplaryarrangement the initial at least one access key value is generated on arandom or pseudo random basis responsive to circuit executableinstructions. However in other exemplary arrangements the initial atleast one access key value may be preprogrammed into the mastercontroller or generated based on certain seed data or other data whichthe circuit executable instructions cause to be utilized for purposes ofthe generation of the initial at least one access key value.

Once the at least one initial at least one access key value has beengenerated the master controller operates in accordance with its circuitexecutable instructions to monitor for inputs through the at least oneinput device which corresponds to a reset input. This is represented bystep 1686. In the exemplary arrangement the reset input is provided tocause the master controller to change the at least one access key valueand replace the existing access key value with a different access keyvalue. In the exemplary arrangement the reset input includes at leastone input through manual input device 1638. The exemplary reset inputcomprises pressing manually actuated button 1644 continuously for beyonda set time limit. When a reset input is determined to have been receivedas represented by step 1688, the master controller operates inaccordance with its circuit executable instructions to change the atleast one access key value as represented by step 1690. Of course thisapproach is exemplary and other approaches may be used in otherarrangements.

In the exemplary arrangement a user of the portable user interfacedevice 1624 operates the device to provide at least one input to thetouchscreen or other input device to connect to the master controller.This is represented by a step 1692. In response to the receipt of the atleast one connect input from the user, the circuitry of the portableuser interface device is operative to cause the device to send at leastone discovery message through at least one wireless portal of the deviceas represented by a step 1694. In the exemplary arrangement the at leastone discovery message comprises a broadcast message that is receivableby a plurality of different master controllers including the mastercontroller 1604. In the exemplary arrangement the at least one discoverymessage includes discovery data. The exemplary discovery data includesdevice type data which corresponds to the device type of the mastercontroller with which the portable user interface device 1624 isoperable to communicate. In the exemplary arrangement the portable userinterface device is also operative to include in the at least onediscovery message at least one access key value that is stored in a datastore of the portable user interface device. In the exemplaryarrangement when the portable user interface device has not previouslycommunicated with the particular master controller, the exemplary atleast one access key value included with the at least one discoverymessage will be a null value or other value that does not correspond tothe at least one access key value that has been generated by the mastercontroller.

In exemplary arrangements the portable user interface device may beoperable to send the at least one discovery message through the wirelesscommunication portal 1648 which provides local direct communication withthe master controller and/or the wireless communication portal 1650which provides wireless communications via Wi-Fi through a local areanetwork. In some exemplary arrangements the circuit executableinstructions of the portable user interface device may be configured sothat the user is enabled to select a particular preferred localcommunication method.

The one or more wireless communication portals of the master controller1604 is operative to receive the at least one discovery message that issent by the portable user interface device as represented by step 1696.The master controller is operative as represented by step 1698 to make adetermination if the device type data corresponds to device type datathat is stored in at least one data store of the master controller whichis indicative of the device type which corresponds to the mastercontroller. In the exemplary arrangement the master controller furthermakes a determination as represented by step 1700 as to whether the atleast one access key value included with the at least one discoverymessage corresponds to the current at least one access key value of themaster controller. As previously discussed, in this initial scenariowhere the master controller and the portable user interface device havenot previously communicated, the at least one access key value includedin the at least one discovery message will not correspond to the atleast one access key value of the master controller in step 1700.

Responsive to the determination that the device type data included inthe at least one discovery message corresponds to the device type of themaster controller, but that the at least one access key value in thediscovery message does not correspond to the at least one access keyvalue of the master controller, the master controller operates asindicated by step 1702 to cause the visual output device 1642 associatedwith the manual input device 1638 to provide a corresponding visualoutput. In the exemplary arrangement the visual output may include aflashing and/or multicolor output configured to attract the user'sattention to the manual input device 1638. In the exemplary arrangementthe manual input device 1638 is connected to the master controllerthrough a wired connection 1639. The wired connection 1639 helps toreduce the risk that any inputs can be received through the manual inputdevice 1638 other than through direct physical manual contact with thesingle button 1640.

As represented by step 1704 when the visual output indicator device 1642is operating to output the at least one visual output that indicatesthat at least one access key value has been received from the portableuser interface device that does not correspond to the at least oneaccess key value of the controller, circuitry of the master controllermonitors for receipt of a manual input through the single manuallyactuatable button 1640. When receipt of a manual input through the inputdevice 1640 is detected as represented by step 1706, the mastercontroller is operative to send the at least one current access keyvalue of the master controller from the appropriate wireless portal ofthe master controller to the portable user interface device. This isrepresented by step 1708. The circuitry of the master controller thenoperates to discontinue the output of the at least one visual indicatorwhich indicates that an input to the at least one manual input devicewill cause the at least one access key value to be sent. This isrepresented by step 1709.

The appropriate wireless portal of the portable user interface device isoperative to receive the at least one access key value from the mastercontroller as represented by a step 1710. The portable user interfacedevice then operates in accordance with its circuit executableinstructions to store the received at least one access key value fromthe master controller in at least one data store of the portable userinterface device. This is represented by a step 1712.

In the exemplary arrangement the circuit executable instructionsoperated in the portable user interface device are operative responsiveat least in part to having received the at least one access key valuefrom the master controller, to again cause the device to send at leastone discovery message. This is represented by step 1714. In theexemplary arrangement the at least one discovery message is similar tothe at least one discovery message previously sent except that the newlybroadcast at least one discovery message includes not only the devicetype data of the master controller, but also the at least one access keyvalue that has been received by the portable user interface device.

In the exemplary arrangement the master controller receives at least onediscovery message sent in step 1714 and operates as previously discussedin connection with step 1696. However as this new at least one discoverymessage includes the correct at least one access key value, thecircuitry of the master controller is operative in step 1700 todetermine that both of the device type data and the at least one accesskey value corresponds to data stored in the master controller.Responsive at least in part to the determination the master controlleris operative as represented by step 1716 to send at least one responsemessage. In the exemplary arrangement the at least one response messageis a broadcast message that is receivable by a plurality of portableuser interface devices including device 1624. In the exemplaryarrangement the at least one response message includes master controlleridentifying data. Such master controller identifying data includes amaster controller network address. Further in some exemplaryarrangements the master controller identifying data may include a nameor other indicator that is associated with the particular mastercontroller or other identifying data. Of course it should be understoodthat these approaches are exemplary and in other arrangements otherapproaches and data may be included in such messages.

The portable user interface device 1624 is operative to receive the atleast one response message from the master controller as represented bystep 1718. Responsive at least in part to the receipt of the at leastone response message, the portable user interface device operates inaccordance with its circuit executable instructions to provide at leastone visible output through the display thereof indicative that aconnection to the master controller is available. This is represented bystep 1720. In exemplary arrangements the at least one output connectionindication that is provided from the portable user interface device instep 1720 may be similar to that shown in screen 1676 previouslydiscussed. Alternatively in other arrangements different types ofvisible outputs that are selectable by the user through an input to aninput device may be presented.

As represented by step 1722 the at least one input device of theportable user interface device is operative to receive at least oneinput from the user. The at least one input is indicative that the userhas selected to wirelessly connect the portable user interface deviceand the master controller. The receipt by the input device of theportable user interface device of the selected connection, is furtheroperative to cause the display of the portable user interface device toprovide the master controller identifying output associated with thefact that there is a local network connection between the portable userinterface device and the master controller. In exemplary arrangementsthis may be the master controller identifying output 1678 previouslydiscussed. This is represented by step 1724.

As represented by steps 1726 and 1728, the portable user interfacedevice 1624 and the master controller 1604 are then in operativewireless communication via a local network connection. In this conditionthe devices are enabled to communicate so as to provide system statusinformation, change system settings and carry out the other functionssuch as those previously discussed. Further as previously mentioned, inexemplary arrangements the portable user interface device is enabled todeliver the updated executable instructions that are operable in theslave controllers and the master controller. In exemplary arrangementsthe circuit executable instructions of the exemplary master controlleronly enable such updated instructions to be received from the portableuser interface device via a local network connection to reduce the riskof system compromise or access by unauthorized individuals. Of course itshould be understood that these approaches are exemplary and in otherarrangements different or additional features and capabilities may beprovided.

Of course it should be understood that in the exemplary arrangement,other than communicating updated executable instructions to the mastercontroller, the portable user interface may communicate with the mastercontroller through one or more wide area networks and the server 1672associated with the provider of the master controller. This enables theuser of the portable user interface device to communicate with themaster controller from any location where cellular service or otherappropriate wireless communication capability is available.

As previously mentioned, the exemplary system 1602 includes a remoteuser interface slave controller 1620. The exemplary user interface slavecontroller, which may be alternatively referred to herein as a remote,is usable to provide a system user with the capabilities for monitoringsystem status and to also provide inputs which enable changing systemoperation so that liquid flow therethrough is selectively shut off orreinstated. Of course it should be understood that in other arrangementsother or additional features and capabilities for the remote may beprovided.

An exemplary user interface slave controller 1620 is shown in FIG. 116.The exemplary user interface slave controller includes a body 1730. Thebody 1730 includes at least one visual output device 1732. The exemplaryarrangement includes a plurality of visual output devices such as lightemitting diodes. Such light emitting diodes may be controlled so as tobe in either the on or off condition. Further in exemplary arrangementsthe visual output devices may provide outputs having different colors.The exemplary user interface slave controller 1620 further includes atleast one manual input device 1734. In the exemplary arrangement the atleast one manual input device includes a single manually actuatablebutton. However it should be understood that this input device isexemplary, and in other arrangements other approaches and input and/oroutput devices may be used.

FIG. 117 schematically shows components of the circuitry of theexemplary user interface slave controller. Such components may besimilar to those included in the slave controller 620 previouslydescribed. The exemplary slave controller includes processor circuitry1736. At least one memory, which is alternatively referred to as a datastore, 1738 is in operative connection with the processor circuitry. Inexemplary arrangements the at least one data store may include bootloader instructions schematically represented 1740.

The exemplary user interface slave controller further includes awireless communication portal which is alternatively referred to as acommunications device 1742. In the exemplary arrangement thecommunications device operates responsive to the processor circuitry asa transceiver. The exemplary device also operates as a wirelessrepeating transceiver such as those previously discussed. The slavecontroller further includes the at least one input device 1734 and theat least one output device 1744. The at least one output device includesthe at least one visual output device previously discussed. In otherexemplary arrangements other output devices such as audible outputdevices, haptics type output devices, infrared output devices and/orother types of output devices may be included as part of the slavecontroller. The exemplary device further includes an external memory1746. The external memory 1746 may be utilized in connection with theslave controller in a manner like that discussed in connection withexternal memory 626. Of course it should be understood that thesecomponents are exemplary and in other arrangements other components maybe used.

In the exemplary arrangement the master controller operates towirelessly communicate with the user interface slave controller inaccordance with the circuit executable instructions of the mastercontroller. Such instructions may include device type identifying datawhich may be provided by the slave controller to the master controller.In the exemplary arrangement the master controller is operative tocommunicate wireless messages with the slave controller which areindicative of the condition of at least one flow control valve. The atleast one flow control valve is associated with a respective slavecontroller and is changeable responsive to communication with the mastercontroller between a first valve condition in which liquid flow throughthe valve is enabled, and a second valve condition in which liquid flowthrough the valve is prevented. The exemplary slave controller 1620 isoperative to provide at least one visual output through the at least onevisual output device 1732 that is indicative of whether the valve is inthe first condition or the second condition. In the exemplaryarrangement the at least one visual output device outputs a color suchas green for example, when flow is enabled and a different color such asyellow when flow is prevented. Of course this approach is exemplary andin other arrangements other approaches may be used.

Also in the exemplary arrangement the master controller is operative tocommunicate wireless messages with the user interface slave controllerthat are indicative of the flow as measured by a flowmeter like thatpreviously discussed. In the exemplary arrangement the user interfaceslave controller is operative to provide at least one visual output thatis indicative of the water flow measured by the water flowmeter. In theexemplary arrangement at least one visual output from the at least onevisual output device varies in at least one of color or flashes at avarying frequency that corresponds to the current rate of water flow. Ofcourse this approach is exemplary and in other arrangements otheroutputs indicative of water flow may be presented.

The exemplary user interface slave controller is also operative toprovide at least one visual output which indicates to a user that themaster controller has sent at least one wireless message to the portableuser interface device. For example, the master controller is operativeto send wireless messages indicative that the master controller has sentat least one wireless message to the portable user device responsive atleast in part to the determination by the master controller of a waterusage pattern with respect to elapsed time. This may be for example, awater usage pattern corresponding to a condition indicative of a leakytoilet valve. Alternatively this may include a water usage patterncorresponding to a condition that is in excess of the normal water usagepattern as determined by the master controller. Alternatively this mayinclude a water usage pattern corresponding to a condition whichindicates use of water at a time that is inconsistent with when water isnormally used. Of course these are merely examples of water usagepatterns and conditions that may be determined and reported by themaster controller to the portable user device. Responsive at least inpart to the wireless messages to the user interface slave controllerindicative that messages indicative of such a water use condition havebeen sent to the portable user device, the slave controller operates tocause the at least one visual output device to provide at least onevisual output. In the exemplary arrangement the visual output continuesto be presented by the slave controller until wireless messages arereceived by the user interface slave controller from the mastercontroller which are indicative that the user has operated the portableuser device to acknowledge the message. Of course this approach isexemplary and in other arrangements other approaches may be used.

The exemplary slave controller 1260 is further operable responsive toinputs through the manual input device 1734 to cause the slavecontroller to communicate wireless messages with the master controller.The master controller is operable responsive at least in part to thefurther messages from the user interface slave controller to communicatefurther wireless messages between the master controller and the slavecontroller associated with the valve. The further wireless messages areoperable to cause the valve to be changed from the current valvecondition to the other valve condition. Thus for example, if the valveis in the first condition in which flow is enabled, receipt of the inputto the manual user input device is operative to cause the valve tochange to the second condition in which flow is prevented, and viceversa. Further in this exemplary arrangement the master controller isoperative responsive to the change in the valve condition to communicatewireless messages to the user interface slave controller that cause thevisual output from the at least one visual output device to indicate thecurrent valve condition in a manner like that previously discussed.

As previously discussed the exemplary user interface slave controlleralso operates as a wireless repeating transceiver device. The exemplaryslave controller operates to receive wireless messages communicated bythe master controller with other slave controllers included in thesystem and resends such messages. This feature extends the distancewhich slave controllers may be located away from the master controller.The circuitry of the exemplary slave controller is further operative tocause the at least one visual output device to illuminate to indicatesuch wireless network messages being transmitted between the mastercontroller and slave controllers included in the system. In theexemplary arrangement the at least one visual output device is operativeto illuminate to indicate wireless message traffic that is occurringbetween the master controller and the slave controllers. The indicationof such message traffic may be useful to indicate to a user thatconditions are being sensed and/or actions are being taken by thedevices included in the system. Of course these approaches are exemplaryand in other arrangements other approaches may be used.

In the exemplary arrangement the operation of the user interface slavecontroller is configurable through communications between the mastercontroller and the portable user interface device. FIG. 118 shows anexemplary display screen 1748 that is caused to be output from thedisplay of the portable user device responsive to communications withthe master controller. In the exemplary arrangement the user is enabledto set up configuration parameters for operation of the user interfaceslave controller through inputs to the user device. In the exemplaryarrangement the portable user interface device is operative responsiveto the inputs of the user to cause changes in the type and/or nature ofoutputs provided by the user interface slave controller. For example, inthe exemplary arrangement the portable user interface device is operableto send wireless interface control messages to the master controllerthat cause a change in the level of illumination that is output by theat least one visual output device.

Other wireless interface control messages which may be sent from theportable user interface device are operative to cause the mastercontroller to cause the slave controller to indicate or not indicatewhether the valve is in the flow enabled condition for the flowprevented condition. Other wireless interface control messages enablethe user to configure the master controller to have the at least onevisual output device of the interface slave controller indicate whenwater flow is occurring and the flow rate thereof, or to not providesuch an indication. The portable user interface device can also sendwireless interface control messages which are operative to cause themaster controller to cause the user interface slave controller toprovide outputs that indicate that a notification has been sent by themaster controller to the portable user interface device, or to notprovide output indicative of such notifications. Interface controlmessages can also be sent by the portable user interface device whichcause the master controller to operate to cause the user interface slavecontroller to provide outputs indicative of wireless network traffic, orto not provide such outputs. Of course it should be understood thatthese capabilities to configure the operation of the user interfaceslave controller are exemplary, and in other arrangements other ordifferent capabilities may be provided.

It should further be understood that although only one remote userinterface slave controller is shown in connection with the exemplarysystem, in other arrangements multiple such slave controllers may beutilized. The use of such multiple slave controllers may enable a userto monitor and provide manual control of the system from multipledifferent locations within the facility where the system is located.Such capabilities may be useful for purposes of allowing the user toprovide an emergency shut off of water flow from multiple differentlocations. Such multiple user interface slave controllers may also beuseful in enabling the user to identify circumstances associated withwater use patterns that have not yet been identified as a anomalythrough operation of the master controller. Of course these are onlysome of the benefits that may be achieved through the use of devices andsystems of the type described.

Thus the exemplary embodiments achieve improved operation, eliminatedifficulties encountered in the use of prior devices and systems andattain the useful results described herein.

In the foregoing description, certain terms have been used for brevity,clarity and understanding. However, no unnecessary limitations are to beimplied therefrom because such terms are used for descriptive purposesand are intended to be broadly construed. Moreover the descriptions andillustrations herein are by way of examples and the new and usefulconcepts are not limited to the features shown and described.

It should be understood that the features and/or relationshipsassociated with one embodiment can be combined with features and/orrelationships from another embodiment. That is, various features and/orrelationships from various embodiments can be combined in furtherembodiments. The inventive scope of the disclosure is not limited toonly the embodiments shown or described herein.

Having described the features, discoveries and principles of theexemplary embodiments, the manner in which they are constructed andoperated, and the advantages and useful results attained, the new anduseful features, devices, elements, arrangements, parts, combinations,systems, equipment, operations, methods, processes and relationships areset forth in the appended claims.

We claim:
 1. Apparatus comprising: a valve, wherein the valve includes aplurality of flow passages, a liquid treatment tank, wherein the valveis in operative fluid connection with the tank, a motor, wherein themotor is in operative connection with the valve, wherein the motor isenabled to control the valve to cause the valve and liquid treatmenttank to be selectively placed in a plurality of operational conditions,including a service condition, wherein in the service conditionuntreated liquid is delivered through the valve and caused to passthrough the tank, and liquid treated by having passed through the tankis delivered from the valve, at least one regeneration condition,wherein in the at least one regeneration condition, liquid is deliveredthrough the valve and caused to pass through the tank to causeimprovement in liquid treatment operation, and after having passedthrough the tank is delivered from the valve, a valve slave controller,wherein the valve slave controller is in operative connection with themotor, wherein the valve slave controller is operative to cause themotor to operate to change operational conditions of the valve and theliquid treatment tank, a master controller, wherein the mastercontroller is configurable to be operative to control the valve slavecontroller, wherein the master controller includes at least one masterwireless communication portal that enables the master controller towirelessly communicate with each of the valve slave controllers and aportable user interface device, wherein the valve slave controllerincludes a slave wireless communication portal that enables the valveslave controller and the master controller to wirelessly communicate,wherein the valve slave controller is operable to wirelessly communicatemessages including data representative of a current operationalcondition of at least one of the valve and the liquid treatment tank tothe master controller, and wherein the master controller is operableresponsive at least in part to communication with the portable userinterface device, to wirelessly communicate messages to the valve slavecontroller, which messages are operable to cause the valve slavecontroller to change at least one operational condition of at least oneof the valve and the liquid treatment tank.
 2. The apparatus accordingto claim 1 wherein the master controller is in operative connection withat least one manual input device, wherein the master controller isoperative to wirelessly communicate with the portable user interfacedevice responsive at least in part to at least one manual input to theat least one manual input device.
 3. The apparatus according to claim 2wherein the at least one manual input device comprises a single button.4. The apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the master controller isoperative to wirelessly send at least one access key value to theportable user interface device responsive at least in part to the atleast one manual input, wherein the master controller is operative towirelessly communicate the messages with the valve slave controllerresponsive at least in part to receipt from the portable user interfacedevice of data corresponding to the at least one access key value. 5.The apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the master controller is inoperative connection with at least one visual indicator, wherein the atleast one visual indicator is associated with the at least one manualinput device, wherein the master controller is operative to cause the atleast one visual indicator to provide at least one visual output whenthe master controller will operate to send the at least one access keyvalue to the portable user interface device responsive at least in partto receipt of the at least one manual input.
 6. The apparatus accordingto claim 5 wherein the master controller is operative to cause the atleast one visual indicator to provide the at least one visual outputresponsive at least in part to receipt of a key value from the portableuser interface device that does not correspond to the at least oneaccess key value.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the atleast one manual input device is in wired connection with the mastercontroller.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the at leastone manual input device is operative to receive a reset input, whereinthe master controller is operative to change the at least one access keyvalue responsive at least in part to receipt of the reset input.
 9. Theapparatus according to claim 6 wherein the master controller isoperative to wirelessly receive at least one discovery message, whereinthe at least one discovery message includes discovery data, wherein thediscovery data includes device type data that corresponds to the mastercontroller, wherein the master controller is operative to causeresponsive at least in part to receipt of the at least one discoverymessage, a determination that the discovery data includes device typedata that corresponds to the master controller, responsive at least inpart to the determination, at least one response message to be sent,wherein the at least one response message includes master controlleridentifying data.
 10. The apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the atleast one response message comprises a response broadcast message,wherein the response broadcast message is receivable by a plurality ofdifferent remote portable user interface devices including the portableuser interface device, wherein the master controller identifying dataincludes a network address associated with the master controller. 11.The apparatus according to claim 10, and further comprising: theportable user interface device, wherein the portable user interfacedevice includes a display, wherein the portable user interface device isoperative responsive at least in part to receipt of the at least onemaster controller response message to provide at least one visual mastercontroller identifying output through the display.
 12. The apparatusaccording to claim 11 wherein the at least one visual master controlleridentifying output is of a first type when the at least one mastercontroller response message from the master controller has beencommunicated to the portable user interface device either directly oronly through a local wireless network.
 13. The apparatus according toclaim 12 wherein the at least one visual master controller identifyingoutput is of a second type that is visually different from the firsttype when the at least one master controller response message has beencommunicated to the portable user interface device through the internetvia a remote server associated with a provider of the master controller.14. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein the portable userinterface device is operative to send the at least one discoverymessage, wherein the at least one discovery message comprises adiscovery broadcast message, wherein the discovery broadcast message isreceivable by a plurality of different master controllers including themaster controller.
 15. The apparatus according to claim 14 wherein theportable user interface device is operative to selectively communicatewith the at least one master controller wireless communication portalthrough any one of direct wireless communication between the portableuser interface device and the at least one master controller wirelesscommunication portal, a local wireless network, a remote serverassociated with a master controller provider, wherein the remote serveroperates to communicate with the master controller through the internet.16. The apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the portable userinterface device is operative to receive updated processor executableinstructions from the remote server, wherein the updated processorexecutable instructions are operable in the master controller and thevalve slave controller, wherein the master controller is configured toreceive the updated processor executable instructions only from theportable user interface device, and wirelessly communicate at least someof the updated processor executable instructions from the mastercontroller to the valve slave controller.
 17. The apparatus according toclaim 16 wherein the master controller is configured to receive theupdated processor executable instructions from the portable userinterface device only through at least one of direct wirelesscommunication between the portable user interface device and the atleast one master controller wireless communication portal, and wirelesscommunication between the portable user interface device and the atleast one master controller wireless communication portal through onlythe local wireless network.
 18. The apparatus according to claim 17wherein the master controller is operative responsive at least in partto receipt of data corresponding to the at least one access key valuefrom the portable user interface device, to store the updated processorexecutable instructions in at least one data store of the mastercontroller, wherein the master controller is operative to communicatethe at least some of the updated processor executable instructions inthe at least one data store to the valve slave controller.
 19. Theapparatus according to claim 18 wherein the valve comprises a multiportvalve having a housing that includes more than two fluid ports, a borein the housing, wherein the bore is surrounded by a plurality of annularflow cavities, a piston wherein the piston is movable in the bore,wherein the motor is operative to move the piston between a plurality ofdifferent positions relative to the bore, wherein in the differentpositions the piston is operative to enable liquid flow betweendifferent annular flow cavities in the housing.
 20. The apparatusaccording to claim 19 wherein the valve slave controller includes arespective data store, wherein the respective data store of the valveslave controller includes the respective function data for the valveslave controller, wherein the master controller is operative to receivethe respective function data of the valve slave controller throughwireless communication with the valve slave controller, wherein themaster controller is configured to control the valve responsive at leastin part to the received function data for the valve slave controller.21. The apparatus according to claim 19 wherein the motor is enabled tocontrol the valve to further cause the valve to be selectively placed ineach of a shutoff position and a bypass condition, wherein in theshutoff condition, untreated liquid cannot pass through the valve andinto the tank, wherein in the bypass condition, at least some untreatedliquid flows into and out of the valve without passing in or out of thetank, wherein wireless messages from the master controller are operativeto cause the valve slave controller to cause the valve and the tank tobe selectively placed in any of the service condition, the at least oneregeneration condition, the shutoff condition, or the bypass condition.22. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the motor is enabled tocontrol the valve to further cause the valve to be selectively placed ineach of a shutoff position and a bypass condition, wherein in theshutoff condition, untreated liquid cannot pass through the valve andinto the tank, wherein in the bypass condition, at least some untreatedliquid flows into and out of the valve without passing in or out of thetank, wherein responsive at least in part to communications with theuser interface device, the master controller is operative to communicatewireless messages with the valve slave controller, which wirelessmessages are operative to cause the valve and the tank to be selectivelyplaced in any of the service condition, the at least one regenerationcondition, the shutoff condition, or the bypass condition.
 23. Theapparatus according to claim 1 wherein the at least one master wirelesscommunication portal is configured to communicate with the portable userinterface device both directly and through at least one intermediatenetwork.
 24. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the mastercontroller is operable to wirelessly receive updated processorexecutable instructions from the portable user interface device, whereinthe master controller is operative to store the updated processorexecutable instructions in at least one data store responsive at leastin part to receipt of data corresponding to at least one access keyvalue from the portable user interface device, wherein the mastercontroller is operable to wirelessly communicate at least some of theupdated processor executable instructions stored in the at least onedata store to the valve slave controller.
 25. The apparatus according toclaim 1 wherein at least one access key value is communicated by themaster controller to the portable user interface device responsive atleast in part to receipt of at least one input to a manual input devicethat is in operative connection with the master controller, wherein themaster controller is operative to wirelessly communicate the messages tothe valve slave controller responsive at least in part to receipt by themaster controller from the portable user interface device of datacorresponding to the at least one access key value.
 26. The apparatusaccording to claim 1 wherein the master controller is operative towirelessly communicate the messages to the valve slave controllerresponsive at least in part to receipt by the master controller from theportable user interface device of data corresponding to at least oneaccess key value, wherein the at least one access key value ischangeable through operation of the master controller responsive atleast in part to receipt of at least one reset input to a manual inputdevice that is in operative connection with the master controller. 27.Apparatus comprising: a valve, wherein the valve includes a plurality offlow passages, a liquid treatment tank, wherein the valve is inoperative fluid connection with the tank, a motor, wherein the motor isin operative connection with the valve, wherein the motor is enabled tocause at least one of the valve and liquid treatment tank to beselectively placed in a plurality of operational conditions, a valveslave controller, wherein the valve slave controller is in operativeconnection with the motor, wherein the valve slave controller isoperative to cause the motor to selectively place the valve and theliquid treatment tank in any one of the operational conditions, a mastercontroller, wherein the master controller is configurable to beoperative to control the valve slave controller, wherein the mastercontroller includes at least one master wireless communication portal,wherein the at least one master wireless communication portal enablesthe master controller to wirelessly communicate with each of the valveslave controller and a portable user interface device, wherein the valveslave controller includes a slave wireless communication portal, whereinthe slave wireless communication portal enables the valve slavecontroller and the master controller to wirelessly communicate, at leastone manual input device, wherein the at least one manual input device isin operative connection with the master controller, wherein the mastercontroller is operative responsive at least in part to at least onemanual input received through the at least one manual input device tocause at least one access key value to be sent to the portable interfacedevice, wherein the master controller is operative responsive at leastin part to receipt from the portable user interface device of datacorresponding to the at least one access key value and at least oneinstruction message, to cause communication of wireless messages betweenthe master controller and the valve slave controller, which wirelessmessages are operative to cause the at least one of the valve and liquidtreatment tank to be in a selected one of the plurality of operationalconditions.
 28. The apparatus according to claim 27 wherein the valveand liquid treatment tank are enabled to selectively be in any one ofthe plurality of operational conditions responsive at least in part toreceipt of wireless instructions messages, which operational conditionsinclude at least two of a service condition, wherein in the servicecondition untreated liquid is delivered through the valve and caused topass through the tank, and liquid treated by having passed through thetank is delivered from the valve, a regeneration condition, wherein inthe regeneration condition liquid is delivered through the valve andcaused the pass through the tank to improve liquid treatment operation,a shut off condition, wherein in the shut off condition untreated liquidcannot pass through the valve and into the tank, a bypass condition,wherein in the bypass condition at least some untreated liquid flowsinto and out of the valve without passing in or out of the tank.